The revitalization of agriculture is not not the development of industry, but in addition to the development of military industry, only the development of advantageous industries, mechanical and electrical products represented by permanent magnet motors is one of them, and then there are chemical products, soda ash, synthetic ammonia, organic chemical products are the focus. The whole book of high school chemistry elective five is about organic chemistry, and polymer chemistry introduces two methods of synthesizing polymer compounds.

One is addition polymerization and the other is condensation polymerization. The example given in the former book is polyethylene, and the latter is polyamide fiber, nylon 66, which Americans call "finer than spider silk and harder than steel." In addition to polyethylene and nylon, there are reaction equations and reaction introductions for phenolic resin, polyester, butadiene rubber, sodium polyacrylate (diapers) in the book.

Although there are many things, there are few catalysts introduced, which is an extremely strict problem. The principle of ammonia synthesis has been known for a long time, but the reaction conditions, the catalyst required for the reaction are the key to the ammonia synthesis industry. The same is true for polymer materials, for example, polyethylene, which was invented in the thirties and put into practical use before World War II, but the real realization of low-cost production was not achieved until the emergence of medium-pressure and atmospheric-pressure high-efficiency catalysts in the late sixties, and even then, the output was only seven million tons.

The details of technological development are not known to Yang Rui, he only knows that these things will be popular in the world in the future. Now, even if industrial production cannot be realized, it is still necessary to persevere in investment, and the nylon stockings brought by today's polymer real yàn room are one of them.

Ignoring the woman snuggled up to him, he played with the stockings that had been taken off the woman's thighs and thought about things: he didn't believe that this thing could make billions to kill, and now the price of raw stockings was between thirty and forty cents. Even if nylon socks could be increased fivefold, they would only sell for two dollars a pair. With a population of 1.7 billion people in the world, only European and American women can afford raw stockings. Nylon socks, which are five times more expensive than raw stockings, will not have more than 120 million potential customers in the world based on the population of less than 500 million in Europe and the United States. How many of these 200 million potential customers will buy nylon socks, and how many pairs of stockings can those who can buy?

Yang Rui's estimate of nylon socks is that the annual sales are less than 100 million US dollars, and if there is no innovation in ten years, it is not to say that sales in Russia will decline after the outbreak, and the technology is likely to be cracked by European and American companies. If that were the case, the high profits would disappear immediately, and nylon would eventually become a more high-end raw material than rayon.

So is it for nylon. Polyethylene is even more unbearable, because the reaction has to be reacted in an environment of 100-300MPa and 300 degrees, and the high cost makes the output extremely low, and the annual output of a plan put forward by the Ministry of Industry is only a pitiful 100 tons; The same is true for polyester, where the limitations of the catalyst make it too costly; The phenolic resin Germans have already been made and put into use; The cost of synthetic rubber is several times that of natural rubber, even if the result of expanding production is still more expensive than natural rubber, the project leader believes that in addition to ensuring the supply of strategic military materials, synthetic rubber is meaningless; Finally, it's diapers. This thing may be sold to families with very high incomes, but the sale is limited.

The man's eyes turned chaotically, Cheng Ying stroked his face with his hand, and said softly: "There is something else you can't think of?" ”

"Huh? Well. The man answered. After a long while, he said, "What do you think of these socks?" If you were to sell a pair for a dollar, how many pairs would you buy? ”

"A dollar and a pair?" Cheng Ying was surprised, she took the socks and said, "This price is too expensive." I'm afraid few people can afford it. Also, this ....... These socks are so thin, who would dare to wear them out? At most, it should only be worn at home. ”

"Hmm." Yang Rui thinks about the entire polymer chemistry industry. I didn't have the heart to speak. Compared with the women who showed their thighs all over the world and hated to wear them, the women of this era were extremely conservative, not to mention Asia, even Europe and the United States. Could it be that these socks can only be made into a fun ** to seduce men?

Thinking about it and moving it down, the woman's thigh against him suddenly felt a 'strange movement', and her white face turned red again. Just when she thought that she was going to fight another 300 rounds, the man lifted the quilt and got up, and said very seriously: "Very busy, very busy, I haven't read many reports yet." ”

The door of the study was closed for an hour and then opened, and Yang Wuming, who had been looking for his mother for a long time, rubbed to Cheng Ying's side as soon as he saw it, and asked her where she had just gone. The couple was so funny that they had to make up a lie to deceive the child. After the mother and son left, Yang Rui lit a cigarette and opened the document handed over by the Ministry of Agriculture, and read the new rural construction report.

This is a report written by several students from the Ministry of Agriculture after conducting an investigation in the counties of eastern Liaoning. Unlike other counties in the country, Tonghua, Huairen, Kuandian and other counties have a literacy rate of 60 percent, and the roads, schools, health, literature and art, agriculture, forestry, organization, and economy in the countryside are unexpectedly good.

After two years of research, the Ministry of Agriculture hopes to promote the rural model of Liaodong to the whole country. That is, through education, to eliminate illiteracy among young and strong, to educate the peasants with morality, so that they can get rid of the old nature of 'ignorance, poverty, weakness, and selfishness', and to create a healthy and virtuous new peasant; while educating the peasants and changing the old habits of the peasants, we should also build a prosperous new village through rational economic planning, effective scientific and technological promotion, and good cooperation between peasant households and villages.

In this report, Yang Rui can see the things implemented by the China Education Association before the founding of the People's Republic of China, and can also see the content of regional economics that he used to teach, as well as the organizational methods of the peasant associations, science and technology to increase production and income, and so on. This report basically organically integrates the work of the previous China Education Association, the Liaodong Economic Planning Working Group of the Kwantung Bank, the Northeast Rural Credit Cooperative, and the Farmers' Association. A new rural construction plan is proposed to enrich rural culture, prosper rural economy, improve rural health, and stabilize rural politics by means of land reform and education, cooperation and science and technology.

The report is very comprehensive, and makes a pertinent and positive evaluation of the work of agricultural reclamation companies, agricultural trade companies, peasant associations, rural credit cooperatives, and rural cooperatives before the founding of Liaodong. Especially considering the small size of rural China. Due to the disadvantages of the high cost of small-scale planting, the report proposes to use the rural professional cooperatives in the rural areas of eastern Liaoning as a model. It will be extended to all provinces in the Kannai Province in order to truly realize the scientific development of agriculture; And because there are oil mills in all counties in eastern Liaodong. The report also believes that it is possible to support the construction of township industries to prosper the rural economy.

Yang Rui smiled when he saw the township industry, and he put pen to paper to change the township industry into rural enterprises, and then carefully thought about what these rural enterprises contained. Obviously, rural enterprises can only be like the citrus cooperatives in Wenzhou, with all citrus growers investing and running by all citrus growers, and each farmer will stay in the cooperatives according to the output to ensure the operation of the cooperatives. This American Sunkist model. It is only suitable for the processing and sales of agricultural products, which does not mean that all industrial products can be implemented in this way.

Some foreign industrial products, such as agricultural supplies, agricultural tools, agricultural machinery, fertilizers, pesticides, etc., can only be produced near mineral resources or comprehensive industrial parks. Daily necessities, such as soap, shoes and socks, clothing, and daily necessities, should be produced in places with more convenient transportation and a more prosperous economy.

What can really be done in the rural areas is the processing of primary agricultural products and the provision of raw materials for the industrial zones across the country. Only the kind of rural areas that are already on the transportation nodes and close to the city can really develop into industrial parks. Otherwise. In the end, it is still like Zhang Jian's construction of Nantong, no matter how much it is built, it is only textile and salt production, and other industries cannot be built if they want to, after all, the other side of the river is Shanghai, the center of China's economy. With Shanghai, how can Nantong get ahead?

Later generations of township enterprises started in townships and towns, but after they developed. All of them will leave the countryside and enter a higher level of economic circle. The reason why it is still called a township enterprise is just because it started from a township.

Rural enterprises are the first step in the development of rural professional cooperatives. The second step is to look at the creation, if it has its own resources, geographical advantages, and managers can seize the opportunity, it may be able to become a township enterprise in the future, and eventually become bigger, but the probability of this is too small.

Compared with urban industry, the real advantage of rural industry lies in the proximity of resources and cheap labor costs. However, the resource advantage is not absolute, now Zhang Jian's Dasheng Yarn Factory can feel that the cotton in the northwest is better than the cotton in Tongzhou, both in quantity and quality have a great advantage, when the cotton output in the northwest exceeds that of Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and even the whole of China no longer imports cotton, the Dasheng Yarn Factory only has the advantage of transportation; When the construction of the national railway network was completed, the advantages of Dasheng Yarn Factory were only skilled workers and many years of industrial and market management experience in the cotton spinning industry, and nothing else.

Rural industry is not the focus of Yang Rui's attention, rural professional cooperatives are what he really cares about, once the establishment of cooperatives, the mode of small household management will be changed, several households can afford to buy tractors jointly, but the population must be controlled, and social wealth cannot be shared because of population growth.

After the introduction of the tax on the number of people, the fertility rate must be greatly reduced - in this era, the control of childbirth does not have to rely on condoms, for thousands of years the dynasties have levied the tax on people, and the population control because of the Ming Dynasty gentry and gentry tax exemption caused by the hidden households began to get out of control, in the Qing Dynasty, because of the complete collapse of the apportionment into the mu, the re-development of the tax on people, because of the tax, the abortion contraception, the pill contraception, the time contraception, and even the drowning of babies will reappear; It is illegal to drown babies, but the people do not sue the officials and do not prosecute them, and in order to control the population, this is also a matter of turning a blind eye.

As for the demographic dividend, it can only become a dividend after the population receives education, otherwise the population of Africa in the future will have been lifted out of poverty and become rich. After the increase in the yield per mu of the whole country, if the peasant households really use all the grain that has increased their production to raise their children, then not to mention the problem of increasing the cost of education, how will these people be arranged when they grow up in the future? If you don't implement the foreign trade model and change the route, what is the significance of the population increase? In addition, even now the population is overcrowded, and when most of the country's rural households have joined professional cooperatives and adopted mechanical farming, the saved labor force cannot be digested by the city at all, so birth control is a must.

Yang Rui remembered here that the tax bill was formulated by the representative of the Inspectorate alone, and its levy object was people born after August 15 in the fourth year of Shenwu. Like personal income tax, it also implements a progressive tax rate: if the couple has less than two children, it will be two dollars per ding according to the old practice; if there are more than two and no more than four, four dollars per ding; If there are more than four, then double the calculation, the fifth Ding is eight dollars, and the sixth Ding is one or two or six dollars. The seventh ding, three twos, two money, ......, as for the eighth ding. Adding up the previous ones, the poor can't afford it at all. Their final outcome is to emigrate, immigrate to the Western Regions, Heilongjiang, and the newly occupied Outer Northeast, where they do not accept people and silver, where they can let go of their stomachs and give birth.

As for the young people, only the Western Regions, Mongolia, Tibet, and Yunnan are special, and the Mongolian and Tibetan Ding Yin are expropriated by the local government, in fact, the old aristocracy, and the central government only supervises that it cannot exceed the expropriation standard; In Yunnan and the Western Regions, the former will apply the same standards as other provinces after taking control. And the latter is not as simple as controlling the people, the 1.7 million white people there, leaving behind is a hidden danger after all, with Yang Rui's previous plan to immigrate them to Lake Balkhash, which is now the Seven Rivers Province of Russia, where the land is fertile, but there are many Kazakhs, and it is also a way to let the two of them contain each other, even if they do not become the Western Regions, it is emptied.

It is Yang Rui's idea to have hidden dangers in one place instead of sharing them everywhere. The Balkhash region was not a place he cared about, his goal was to border Persia at the lowest and the Caspian coast at the highest. But this plan is ridiculous to think about now, and it is really wishful thinking.

China and Persia share a border. That meant that the Soviet Union had lost its passage to the south, and Britain was happy - after he lost control of Afghanistan, the Soviet Union and the two khanates of Bukhara and Khiva would not agree. Whether the USSR would have been satisfied with the Siberian Railway and the Lend-Lease of Vladivostok is not to be said. The two khanates of Bukhara and Khiva (present-day Uzbekistan) had a population of more than four million, all of whom were devout white people. For China's railways to connect with Persia, it had to pass through the Bukhara Khanate. If you don't go through the Bukhara Khanate, you will have to cross the Pamirs from the southern part of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan.

Yang Rui hadn't told the Ministry of Transport about this idea, and when he only discussed it with Yang Zengxin, his jaw dropped in shock. He believed that this road was so mountainous and snow-capped that even a hundred years would not be able to build a railway, and even if the railway passed, there would still be a land to cross the Bukhara Khanate. The Bukhara Khanate and Afghanistan are bordered, according to Yang Rui's idea - he does not want the two khanates of Bukhara and Khiva to become the territory of China, so as not to green; At the same time, it demanded that the territory be bordered by Persia and even the Caspian Sea, so the only way to realize this idea was to forcibly occupy the territory and take Termez, the southern town of the Bukhara Khanate, and then take the Mare to the south of the Turkmen tribes, or a little south near the border with Afghanistan.

Don't think about the Caspian Sea for a moment, just say that it borders Persia, and if Persia will re-admit Turkmenistan as its own territory, then the matter will be simple, just settle Termez; But if, as before, Persia fears the Turkmen tribes and would rather lose their territory than lose them to Russia, then the Turkmen are again involved in the territorial issue. The Turkmenistans were the last and most difficult people to conquer in Central Asia, and it took years and countless Turkmen tribes to conquer the territory. China was too far away from there, and if Yang Zeng's new construction was just to find a passage, he should not be at odds with the Turkmen tribes or the Bukhara Khanate, and the only way to do that was to exchange or buy land. exchanging the Ferghana Basin with the Bukhara Khanate; At the same time, it helped the Turkmen tribe to establish a state, at the cost of selling 5,000 square kilometers of useless land in the south to China.

Turkmenistan has a population of only one million, and ten taels per person only costs 10 million taels of silver, which is far less than the military expenses for the war and the military expenses for future military maintenance, and since it is a transaction, there will be no more disputes after that. However, this is just a one-on-one conjecture, Yang Zengxin believes that Russia, Britain, and even Afghanistan will have opinions on this, when Afghanistan was demarcated, there were many tribes in the Russian border, and now that China's great benevolent people have liberated the Central Asian people, they will inevitably demand the return of the previously occupied territories, such as Tajikistan and southern Turkmenistan.

The report on the construction of a new village was thrown aside, and when he opened the map of Central Asia that had been about to be turned over again, Yang Rui pondered solemnly. Central Asia and the Outer Northeast are difficult to have the best of both worlds, even if they take advantage of the collapse of the Russian Tsarist Government to occupy Central Asia, then only a small part of the army can be stationed, and at this time the United States should declare war on Germany, China launched another attack and occupied Russian territory, then Britain, France and the United States must be furious, but this is a critical period of war business, in order not to anger the Entente, Yang Rui can think of the countermeasure is to hand over the 200,000 captured Russian troops in the Northeast to the Entente, and he must also make clear his position on Germany, and even declare war on Germany and Austria.

It didn't matter if this didn't satisfy the Entente, once the Bolsheviks seized power and stopped the war with Germany. That diplomacy with the Entente will change again. While the power of Tsarist Russia was fading and the Bolsheviks were still in civil war, could the borders of Central Asia be stabilized?

When Yang Rui thought of this, the scene of the revival army and the local army in Central Asia being abused by the Soviet Red Army suddenly flashed in his mind. I couldn't help but shake my head. It was too far away, and the Western Regions Railway was to be connected to the Russian Central Asian Railway according to the schedule. It will take at least until the end of Shenwu's twelfth year. Even so, a limited army and the only railroad may not be able to hold the flat steppe from Lake Balkhash to the northern coast of the Caspian Sea under the flood of Soviet Red Army.

If it can't be defeated, then it can only negotiate, but why should the Soviet Union lose Central Asia after losing the Far East? According to the results of the research of the Russian Section of the Intelligence Bureau, Russia did not expect to go south from Central Asia to India, and the most unbearable thing they could not bear after losing Central Asia was the loss of Central Asian cotton, which was a vital material for Russia. And having lost this weakness of the Far East, there is no need for Russia to take care of Central Asia anymore, if the railway is built too late. After the end of the war, it is very likely that the Russian army will still occupy the Tianshan region in the Western Regions.

Railway! Railway!! After inexplicably turning to the Central Asian issue, Yang Rui once again talked about the longest railway, he stood up and called the secretariat, at first to find Zhan Tianyou, the person in charge of the Western Regions Railway, but the secretariat replied that Zhan Tianyou was still in Lanzhou and had not returned, and the call was finally transferred to Sheng Xuanhuai's house, and the old man would come in a while.

"How's the Western Regions Railway?" Yang Rui asked the Western Regions Railway, which was what he was most concerned about.

"Your Excellency, the railway has passed Baoji. It's about to be repaired to Tianshui, as long as Tianshui is over, you will soon be able to reach Lanzhou. "Sheng Xuanhuai thought it was something urgent, but when he came, it was the Western Regions Railway, so he was relieved at the moment." Road construction is all done with machines. This progress is faster than previously thought, and the real difficulty is that this section of the terrain is dangerous and there are many tunnels. ”

The railway on the plain can be five or six hundred kilometers a year, after the railway from Shanxi to Xi'an. The work to the west has not stopped, but it has been more than a year. The railroad is still circling in the mountains. Yang Rui sighed: "The stability of the northwest and even the national fortune of China are closely related to when the Western Regions Railway will be repaired. Don't take advantage of Russia's weakness to bite off a piece of meat from him. What about us, hey......"

The longer Yang Rui is in the position of prime minister, the more powerful he is, he sighed so long, Sheng Xuanhuai also began to be anxious in his heart, he said: "Prime Minister, although the railway is blocked in Tianshui, but in the summer, while the Yellow River can be navigable, some road builders and workers have been transferred to Lanzhou, so it is not a section of Tianshui that is being repaired, and Lanzhou is also building roads and bridges." The standard of this road is higher than all railways, and there are the Baoji Tianshui section, the Wusheling Tunnel in Lanzhou, the Xingxing Gorge in Xinjiang, the Baili Wind Area after entering Xinjiang, and the lack of water and people in many sections along the way, which are the keys to slowing down the progress. After all, this is a railway of more than 3,000 kilometers, and it will be difficult to build it in ten years. ”

"The Russians' Trans-Siberian Railway is more than 7,000 kilometers long, and there are ice and snow plateaus along the way, and it took only 11 years to complete and open to traffic, even with the follow-up finishing work, it only took 15 years. Our more than 3,000 kilometers, can't it be completed earlier, the lack of water and few people is slow, you can go from Lanzhou to Zhangye, this section is not a lack of people. Yang Rui said, "The speed of construction of this railway is related to national transportation, and it is not a question of territory or not territory." The Ministry of Transportation must come up with a way to open two years ahead of schedule, in the tenth year of Shenwu, or even the ninth year of Shenwu. ”

The great leader patted his head to make a decision, Sheng Xuanhuai wanted to cry without tears, so he had to go back to the house to find a way. More than 30 years ago, Zuo Zongtang, who was not on the right path with Li Zhongtang, led his troops into Xinjiang to regain lost territory, and more than 30 years later, he, who did not approve of Zuo Zongtang's entry into Xinjiang, was in a hurry to build such a long railway to Xinjiang, which is really an indescribable irony. In his opinion, the recovery of the Far East is already a great thing, but now he has to recover the lost territory in the Northwest, and how much value can it have.

Sheng Xuanhuai was born in the land of fish and rice in the south of the Yangtze River, and his impression of northwest Xinjiang is only a piece of yellow sand, but since he is in the position of the secretary of the Ministry of Transportation, he has to do his duty. When he returned to the mansion, he didn't rest, and immediately found Yan Deqing and Hu Dongchao, and said straight to the point: "Your Excellency asked the Western Regions Railway again, and the adults were not satisfied with the speed of road construction, and urged us to think of a way to see if it can be opened to traffic in Shenwu in ten years, you can talk about it, what can be done?" ”

After Sheng Xuanhuai finished speaking, Yan Deqing and Hu Dongchao showed bitter faces, it was estimated that it was a risk to build in ten years, and now it is necessary to advance to eight years, which is absolutely impossible, Yan Deqing said: "The standard of the railway is too high, and the terrain and road conditions in many sections are complicated, if you want to open to traffic in eight years, who dares to guarantee it?" (To be continued......)