Chapter 566: Termination of the Washington Naval Treaty
readx; "Yesterday, after the task force broke away from the main fleet, it first broke away from the southeast at high speed, and only after getting rid of the tracking of the light warship did it turn to the southwest and return, and it is expected that it will be able to return to Shanghai the day after tomorrow!" Saying that, Sa Zhenbing also paused for a while and said: "Last night, the task force fleet was also attacked by lightning and night attack, although the capital ship was not damaged, but the Wanlin sank in the battle!" ”
Hearing that another destroyer had sunk, Chen Jingyun said in a deep voice: "The navy must let the main fleet come back safely!" ”
Sa Zhenbing nodded and said, "I know, the navy has already sent the second cruiser stationed in Shanghai to respond!" ”
Chen Jingyun didn't want to know too much about the specific affairs of the navy, he only needed the results, as for how the navy would fight this process, he would not be involved, and in fact he could not participate. Pen | fun | pavilion www. biquge。 info Chen Jingyun can still meddle in the affairs of the army, and even personally command a large-scale battle, but for the navy, in addition to being able to give guidance on strategy and future development direction, Chen Jingyun is not able to guide specific tactics, not because he doesn't want to, but because he doesn't have the ability.
Chen Jingyun has always been self-aware, he knows very well where his strengths are, where his weaknesses are, and what he can and can't do. He has never interfered too much in things he doesn't understand, people in this era are not much worse than later generations, as long as Chen Jingyun gives them a general direction and gives enough support, the navy itself can develop very well.
"The navy has made comprehensive preparations, and as soon as the fleet returns, it will be able to carry out emergency repairs to the ships in order to restore their combat effectiveness in the shortest possible time!" Sa Zhenbing said that this is the shortest, and it will be a month later.
"Due to the damage of the war and the continuation of future wars, the Navy is now in urgent need of a large number of ships, especially light ships!" Sa Zhenbing took out a document at this time and handed it to Chen Jingyun and said, "This is the navy's wartime emergency shipbuilding plan!" ”
Chen Jingyun did not answer immediately, but took the Navy's wartime emergency shipbuilding plan handed over by Sa Zhenbing, and after a preliminary look at it, he felt that the Navy's plan was still quite pragmatic and feasible, and proposed the content of continuing the third phase of the Navy's development plan. In the third phase of the Navy's development plan, in addition to port facilities and other auxiliary ships, the main shipbuilding plan was two battleships, two heavy cruisers, two aircraft carriers, four light cruisers, and six destroyers. However, due to the restrictions of the Washington Naval Treaty, the two battleships were forced to stop work, and although the two aircraft carriers and the two heavy cruisers were allowed to continue construction and service, they were limited by the impact of the economic crisis, and all the costs of the first two years were delayed, and because of the restrictions of the treaty, China was unable to build capital ships for a long time in the future, so the navy itself also delayed the progress of the two Shiguang-class heavy cruisers, and changed part of the design, and the tonnage also increased to 16,000 tons. According to the original plan, it was naturally not in a hurry to take the time like the two aircraft carriers under construction, and it may take two or three years to be able to enter service, but the outbreak of the war in China made the strength of the navy tense all of a sudden, so it was ready to speed up the construction of the two Shiguang-class heavy cruisers, in addition to speeding up the construction and outfitting of the other four light cruisers and six destroyers. Before the completion of the sea trial, it was already accepted by the Navy and directly served, and now it is a sea trial while training.
Considering that the war may last for a long time, in addition to continuing to build the ships in the third phase of the development plan, the navy also proposed a plan to build one more light cruiser and twelve destroyers in order to replenish the battle damage and even form a third lightning fleet.
After reading this, Chen Jingyun felt that it was still feasible, after all, he himself could not estimate the extent to which this Sino-Chinese war would go, and if the time lasted for more than a year, then it was very necessary to build additional ships.
Immediately, he directly signed his name on the document, and then said: "The navy will come up with a specific construction and design plan as soon as possible, and directly place orders with the three major shipyards after it is determined, and as for the funds, it will be included in the navy's temporary war funds!" ”
Sa Zhenbing was not too surprised that Chen Jingyun simply approved the plan, but after he took the document, he looked like he wanted to say something.
Chen Jingyun has been in a high position for many years, and he can't see what these expressions under his hands represent, so he immediately said, "Is there anything else?" ”
Sa Zhenbing said at this time: "President, I learned the news in the morning, and the present side is already preparing to temporarily terminate the implementation of the Washington Navy Treaty!"
Chen Jingyun was also slightly surprised when he heard the news: "Is this true? ”
According to the Washington Naval Treaty, if a signatory is in a state of war, and the course of the war has affected the naval forces used to protect national security, the signatory country has the right to suspend the implementation of the naval limitation treaty after notifying the other signatory countries. If a consensus cannot be reached through negotiations, the Signatory in a state of war may, after notifying the other Signatories, declare on its own that the Treaty will terminate the Treaty for the duration of the war. However, it is still forbidden to use those warships that were supposed to be dismantled for combat purposes, nor to seize warships ordered by other countries for their own use.
In other words, the implementation of this treaty can be terminated at any time whenever war breaks out and the country considers that such war has threatened its coastal security.
After the outbreak of the Sino-Chinese war, the navies of the two countries did not have such thoughts at first, because the two battleships on the Chinese side that had just been placed with keels had already been dismantled, and the two former dreadnoughts were also dismantled as soon as the treaty was signed, and there were still a large number of warships on the slipways of the three major shipyards in Mawei, Jiangnan, and Qingdao, so unless China planned to continue to build a few battleships, there would be no requirement to terminate the implementation of the treaty at all.
As for the "Ben", when the war broke out, the "Ben Navy was full of confidence and believed that it had enough strength to defeat the Chinese Navy, so at the beginning of the meeting, it did not say that it would terminate the implementation of the treaty." However, as soon as yesterday's naval battle in the East China Sea came out, when the two Chinese Yandi-class battleships brutalized the four Kongo-class battlecruisers of the 4th Sentai like adults beating children, the top brass of the Navy immediately felt a huge pressure, and almost a few hours later, the top brass of the Navy reached a consensus, that is, the existing warships of the Navy are in addition to the four warships of Kaga, Nagato, Mutsu and Amagi. The other warships are all outdated and outdated, and they can't effectively deal with the two Yandi-class battleships in China.
And what does this mean, this means that "the air has a huge battleship strength but cannot pose enough threat to the Chinese navy, in order to save this critical situation, this navy has decided to restart the construction of several follow-up ships of the Amagi class, and the second ship, Akagi, which is being converted into an aircraft carrier, has also stopped refitting, and is preparing to install a 16-inch naval gun to re-armament."
In order to ensure the smooth implementation of these plans, Ben formally proposed a moratorium on the Washington Naval Treaty yesterday afternoon.
And he said, 'Britain, France, the United States and other countries really can't stop him by doing this, after all, people feel that their navy is backward and unable to defend the country, and when they are at war, no matter how strong Britain and the United States are, they can't stop their determination.'
And this act of saying "Ben also directly made the Washington Navy Treaty, which had just been signed, a dead letter."
Shut down
After learning the news from Sa Zhenbing's mouth, Chen Jingyun was also a little surprised, you must know that although China said that war broke out between the two countries, the Washington Naval Treaty is not a treaty between China and China, and it also involves Britain, the United States, Italy and France, which can be said to be a treaty that affects the development of the global navy, but it does not mean that it can be terminated if it wants to, no matter what kind of war the two countries have, neither Britain nor the United States will allow it to be said that 'it is necessary to withdraw from the Washington Naval Treaty as it is, you must know it' Once it withdraws, it will immediately cause a chain reaction, not to mention how many warships China will build, even the United States will immediately start the corresponding shipbuilding plan, and then Britain will have to grit its teeth and follow.
Therefore, he said, "Ben just proposed to suspend the implementation of the treaty, and the British side could not wait to jump out as the world boss and advise Ben not to withdraw from the treaty, and even issued a threatening warning."
However, the top brass of the Navy has already decided that the existing naval forces are no longer able to effectively defend the homeland, and they still insist on suspending the Washington Naval Treaty, despite the warnings of Britain and the United States.
China, as one of the signatories of the Washington Naval Treaty, did not want to participate in the Washington Naval Treaty a few years ago, and it can be said that it was forced by several other countries to participate.
As an enemy for decades, the Chinese Navy has always regarded the Navy as its greatest enemy, and the military construction goals and tactical objectives of the past 20 years have been centered around how to defeat the Navy, just as China has completed the revolution and entered the republican economic boom, and the Navy's ambitious third phase of the naval development plan proposed the construction of the 446th Fleet, the signing of the Washington Naval Treaty is to make the Navy's 446th Fleet plan come to naught.
It can be said that the Chinese navy is extremely dissatisfied with this treaty, but because of international pressure, it has to sign this treaty.
On May 24, the Chinese Navy also announced that it would temporarily terminate the Washington Naval Treaty due to war reasons, and then Vice Admiral Cheng Biguang, who had just led the fleet back to China, formally proposed the fourth phase of the Navy's development plan. It was a huge program that called for the construction of two battleships, as well as a large number of auxiliary ships.
It has to be said that the Sino-Chinese war in 1923 has affected not only China and China, but also seriously affected the global situation, in the face of the two countries because of the war to terminate the Washington Naval Treaty, the British seem very helpless, they spent a lot of effort in order to get this Washington Naval Treaty a few years ago, and even sacrificed the British alliance, but this treaty was signed less than a year, because of the war between China and China and faced a treaty that became a piece of waste paper.
It is not that they have no money to build ships, but that the US Congress feels that the war is too far away from the United States, and there is no need to spend so much money on building ships, and that after the start of another large-scale naval competition, it is possible that the British alliance will be resurrected again, and then the US Navy will have to face challenges from both the Atlantic and the Pacific Ocean at the same time.
However, whether Britain and the United States want to or not, China and the United States have temporarily terminated the Washington Naval Treaty, and said that the Kaga-class No. 2 ship and the follow-on ship of the Amagi-class will be continued, and even the Kii-class battleships, which were not originally started because of the treaty, are also ready to start construction.
In the face of such a large-scale shipbuilding plan, even if Chen Jingyun knew that the battleships would not be usable in the next ten years, he still had to make the right cause, and this had nothing to do with the Lushun War itself, even if the Lushun War ended in a short period of time, but as long as the shipbuilding plan of the Navy did not stop, then the Chinese Navy had to keep up, which was not only a military demand, but also a political demand. The people will have a big opinion.
As a result, Chen Jingyun approved the fourth phase of the navy's development plan, and the two most important battleships were designed after minor modifications based on the unfinished Yaodi-class battleships, and the names of the Yaodi and Shundi were retained. According to the naval battle in the East China Sea, the Navy believes that the high-speed battleship in naval warfare combines the high speed of the battlecruiser with the protection and firepower of the traditional battleship, and can effectively replace the traditional battleship and the battlecruiser. Therefore, this time, the Yaodi battleship still maintained high speed, and even increased the design speed to twenty-nine knots.
Chen Jingyun has always been very conflicted about whether to continue to build battleships, in this world he knows better than anyone else the important role of aircraft carriers in the future, and this is also the reason why he began to vigorously support the development of aircraft carriers a few years ago, and even now two aircraft carriers have been put into service, and two aircraft carriers are under construction.
However, the reality ruthlessly shattered Chen Jingyun's expectation that he would control the sea power through the aircraft carrier in a short period of time, because the aircraft carrier could not have empty ships, but also had to have aircraft, and the existing torpedo bombers and even fighters in the aircraft were quite okay, but there was still a lack of the most important type of aircraft for naval aviation: dive bombers. The advent of modern metal dive bombers is the decisive factor that makes aircraft carriers sea supremacy, and the rest is only secondary. However, this most important dive bomber has not been developed for a long time, and it was all in 1923, and the dive bomber that Chen Jingyun expected still only existed in the drawings.
And this is also the reason why the Navy will suspend the construction of two aircraft carriers, because now the aircraft carrier can not play a big role, it is better to devote the main energy to other combat ships, of course, the aircraft carrier is still to be built, but according to the plan of the Navy before the war, the two aircraft carriers will be built after 1925, and the two ships will be fully commissioned at least around 1927, and at that time, even if the dive bomber is difficult to develop, It took more than ten years to finally get it out!
This timetable is completely in line with the progress of the development of the dive bomber.
When the aircraft carrier could not support the sea dominance, Chen Jingyun also had to focus on the battleship temporarily, and it could not be said that the air waited until the aircraft carrier and dive bombers matured in the 30s, and if there was not enough battleship protection during this period, then coastal defense would become a joke, for example, if there were no two Yandi-class battleships in this war, it would be impossible to attack any Chinese coastal city and port at will, and it would be impossible to take Lushun.
Anyway, the battleships can continue to be used after more than ten years, and even until the end of World War II, so Chen Jingyun has no much resistance to continuing to build battleships.
Of course, what is more important is that China's current economic situation is no longer the same as before 1914, even if it is affected by the economic crisis, China's fiscal revenue in 1923 is still as high as 1.8 billion, which is already the same as the so-called "Ben". In addition, in order to stimulate the development of shipbuilding and other heavy industry systems, simply put, in order to keep the jobs of these heavy industry workers, it was originally planned to increase armaments, but now the navy's shipbuilding focus is only on battleships, and it will not add additional pressure to the finances.
Based on various considerations, Chen Jingyun approved the fourth phase of the development plan; Plans for the construction of two battleships. And this time the approved plan is not the same smoke bomb as last time, but to prepare for the battle of real knives and guns, so in addition to the necessary funds, it will also encounter the most important technical problems, armor and hull design these are not problems, the power is also improvised, the key is the naval guns above, China's military industry has developed rapidly in recent years, the manufacturing technology of eight-inch naval guns is already quite skilled, and after getting the fourteen-inch naval gun technology provided by the Americans, it is also possible to initially imitate the fourteen-inch naval gun. However, it is expected that the 16-inch naval guns will be used on the battleships, and now the 16-inch naval guns are only available in the United States and Benji, and other countries do not even have the British, and the British only began to design the 16-inch naval guns last year, and now even the design work has not been completed.
It is almost impossible to rely on China's own strength to manufacture sixteen-inch naval guns, so the naval guns are ready to be imported from the United States, a few years ago, the United States for the naval arms race, but built a large number of mark2 sixteen-inch naval guns, that is, the main guns on the Yandi class and South Dakota and Lexington classes, due to the restrictions of the Washington Naval Treaty, a large number of mark2 naval guns can not be put on the ship, some of these naval guns are mothballed, and the other part is ready to be allocated to the army as shore defense guns.
As for whether the Americans are willing to agree to provide Mark2 naval guns in the current situation, that is, we will only know after we have talked about it, but we must first determine the plan.
A naval battle in the East China Sea not only changed the development and strength of the navies of China and Syria, but also affected the world situation; just when the whole world was preparing to stage a large-scale naval arms race again because of this naval battle, the armies of China and China in the northeast were not idle; although no large-scale battle broke out between the two sides since the outbreak of the war nearly a month ago, this was only a prelude to a major war.
On 2 June, after a month-long period of large-caliber heavy artillery bombardment, aerial bombardment, and small-scale tentative attacks, Liang Xunqin, commander of the Third Army, finally issued the order to launch a general attack on Lushun.
On the same day, the main force of the Third Army, the 3rd Infantry Division of the Army, which had been preparing for a long time, launched the first wave of the offensive and gradually advanced by digging tunnels and engineering blasting.
The second time, in order to cooperate with the operation of the Lushun side and contain the Lushun side, Shen Gang, commander of the Northeast China Theater of Operations, issued an order for a large-scale attack on the 10th Army, the 8th Army, and the armored group, and advanced in an all-round way towards the Yalu River.