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In the route to Kitakyushu, Emperor Chongzhen Zhu Youzhen knew very well what kind of road he was currently on!

He is taking the road close to militarism, which is why he implemented an upgraded version of the rectification movement in Daming, his rectification movement, fundamentally speaking, is not only to promote the cult of personality to reach the peak, but also to suppress the freedom of human nature, but the Chinese etiquette, saying that it is Confucianism, but for thousands of years, the etiquette of Confucianism has been thrown away, the etiquette is not good, the morality is degraded, and there are too many people who love to fight between words, this is the current situation of Daming!

Zhu Youzhen wanted to rule the whole country with the idea and policy of practicing warlord dictatorship and aggression and expansion.

Although it does not correspond to the personality of the nation, if it is not so, how can the fate of the empire be saved? If his industrialization process is not driven by war, what are the industrial products that are made for themselves?

In this era, there is no marketing, all parts of the world are dominated by food and clothing, and the world of human beings is originally a world of plunder, which runs through the beginning and end of the entire history.

suppressed the anti-war revolutionary movement internally, propagated extreme nationalism, and externally carried out military and territorial expansion; The economy is aimed at military development, and the government subsidizes military supplies, which drives the rapid development of heavy industry; and to expand the army again with the profits of war; The people are required to make selfless contributions to the country, and private rights, human rights, and freedom of speech are suppressed; The government is centralized, and the parliament and the judiciary cannot effectively check and balance the government; All of them. All of them are the foils of Emperor Chongzhen Zhu Youzhen! Key cabinet positions are held by military personnel; Education is based on military training, xenophobia, and self-national superiority as teaching materials cultivated from childhood; People's daily lives are often subject to military mobilization and interference. Buildings and public facilities were widely fortified. Conscription is universal. The period of military service is long, regardless of gender, and juveniles who have not reached the age of military service will be recruited to fight or serve in the army if necessary; glorify the contributions of soldiers, respect the social status of soldiers, and even glorify soldiers and war at the historical, archaeological, religious, literary, and artistic levels; Diplomacy mostly bullies neighboring regions with military superiority in order to seek practical benefits and international status; The government boasted about the benefits of aggression and plunder, and aroused the enthusiasm of the people for the war in order to ensure the support of public opinion for the war.

The basic doctrine of militarism includes the denial of peace. Insist that war is inevitable, and even think that war itself is beautiful and fascinating.

Militaristic behavior is embodied in the militarization of all aspects of a country's political, economic and social life, as well as the pursuit of a policy of aggression and expansion abroad. In a militaristic state, war becomes the main purpose of the state. The survival and development of the country mainly depends on foreign plunder and expansion. In modern times, the main tables are Germany and Japan.

Prussia grew from small to large, from weak to strong, also because it pursued a militaristic policy. Elector Frederick William came to the throne during the Thirty Years' War, and Brandenburg was occupied by the Swedes. He knew first-hand that the army was the foundation of a nation, so he decided to learn from Sweden and build a standing army. In 1653, he made an agreement with the Junker nobility: the Junkers were allowed to exercise police and judicial power over the peasants; Juncker agreed to a "military tax" on the elector. In order to create a standing army. In this agreement, the Elector also agreed to make Juncker an officer in the standing army. From now on. Juncker became inextricably linked to the Prussian army. From Frederick. Since Wilhelm, the Prussian state has become a formidable military aircraft. To Frederick. During the reign of Wilhelm I, the Prussian army almost doubled to 85,460 men, equivalent to 4% of the country's inhabitants. In Europe, Prussia was the 13th largest in terms of population, but the fourth largest in terms of the number of troops, and three-quarters of the country's revenues were spent on the military. Blind obedience was practiced in the army, and Junker-born officers were allowed to lash their soldiers at will, and some of them often committed suicide because they were mistreated by them. Military discipline was very strict in peacetime, but when it came to wartime, the officers connived at the soldiers to burn, kill and plunder.

Prussian militarism was closely linked to the Junkers. The Junkers actively supported the policy of militarism because it brought them many benefits: first, they could acquire new estates by practicing militarism and aggressive expansion. Second, as the number of national consuls expanded, so did the administration, which provided more opportunities for Juncker's sons to serve as officials. Third, the strengthening of the military has also correspondingly increased the number of officers, thus providing more officer positions for Juncker's sons.

The Junkers had a strong economy, and their economic power was based on serfdom. Germany's "Second Edition of Serfdom" is most prominent in Prussia. From the 16th century to the first half of the 17th century, the peasants of Prussia, especially the areas east of the Elbe, were again agrarian. They were completely tied to the land and were forced to pay the landlords servitude and servitude rents. Serfs had to work on the lord's land 4~6 days a week. In 1710 an official wrote in his report: "Rents, servitudes, taxes, garrisons, and tributes are often increased, and it is difficult for the people to sustain themselves; The serfs have always been poor and getting poorer, and as always, in the end they have no choice but to run away......"

The Prussian bureaucracy was also built on the strength of the army. Originally, the right to collect taxes in some parts of Prussia was in the hands of the hierarchical councils of the various provinces, but Frederick and Wilhelm levied taxes by force. He sent troops to threaten with force to force Klevz and Mark to accept the new tax. He then turned this new tax into a de facto permanent tax, thus depriving the Estates of their primary power, the right to collect taxes. In the end, since the local taxes were mainly used for military expenses, he handed over the tax affairs to the military, and for this purpose set up a military headquarters, under which a military financial department was set up, and officers were dispatched to various places to be responsible for collecting taxes. These officers carried out their work by military order, and soon extended their work to the entire economic sphere and sidelined the existing administrative apparatus in the localities, including the territorial assemblies and the municipal self-government. Tong guò military headquarters, Frederick. William established a unified bureaucratic administrative system, and the soul of this system was the army. In 1723 he established the "Supreme General Administration of Finance, Military and Crown Domains" directly under the king, as the highest administrative body for the administration of the state. This "king of the army" managed the country in the same way as he managed the army, believing that the absolute monarch knew best what his people needed. He once said, "I am a monarch, so I can do whatever I want." Under his rule, Prussia developed into a highly centralized authoritarian state, with barracks-style discipline and hierarchy dominating social life. The so-called "Prussian spirit" was by this time fully formed, and its formula was absolutism plus militarism.

After Frederick II ascended the throne in 1740, and under his iron-fisted rule for more than 20 years, the number of Prussian troops swelled from 70,000 to 200,000, accounting for 9.4% of the country's population, and military spending cost four-fifths of the government's entire budget every year. At that time, Prussia was the 10th largest in Europe in terms of area and 13th in population, but its army was the fourth largest in Europe. And this number increased to 250,000 with Frederick II's successor, Wilhelm II. Prussian militarism was once described as follows: "For other countries, it is the state that has an army; In the case of Prussia, it was the army that owned a state. ”

The militaristic nature of Prussia was so distinct that its belligerence directly contributed to Bismarck's "iron-blooded policy", which in turn became the cause of the two world wars.

Zhu Youzhen embarked on this road, which has nothing to do with his own character and the character of the nation, he was forced, this is a path he has no way to choose, otherwise at the existing Ming cultural level, can Confucianism really ensure that the common people swear to support the emperor to the death? Why can the Manchu Qing say that if you enter the customs, you will enter the customs, and you will sit in the world for more than 200 years and almost 300 years, does this nation really have self-esteem? (A good event for pie in the sky, cool mobile phones are waiting for you!) Follow from ~ Dian/Chinese network public account (WeChat add friends - add public account - enter ddxiaoshuo), participate now! Everyone has a prize, now pay attention to ddxiaoshuo WeChat public account! (To be continued......)