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When the People's Liberation Army was victorious and the Kuomintang army was constantly defeated, the Cheng forces in Guangxi (Li Zongren and Bai Chongxi) received the support of the United States and forced Chiang Kai-shek to the palace, and Chiang Kai-shek was forced to go into the wilderness

On 27 December 1948, the Standing Committee of the Central Committee of the Kuomintang decided to appoint Chen Cheng as chairman of the Taiwan Provincial Government and Chiang Ching-kuo as chairman of the Provincial Party Department.

It can be seen from Lao Chiang's decision that he has lost the confidence and courage to confront the PLA on the mainland, and he ran away to the island of Taiwan with his cronies and cronies, and threw a bunch of messes to Li Zongren and Bai Chongxi.

At this moment, there are only a few areas on the mainland that have not been recovered by the PLA, and the Great Northwest is one of them; the situation in the Northwest is complicated, and the forces of all sides are intertwined, and there are still several armies under the banner of the Kuomintang.

The first is Hu Zongnan's troops, Hu Zongnan's more than 300,000 regular troops have less than 100,000 left after more than two years of competition with the PLA, and these 100,000 or so retreated to the depths of the mountains of the Qinling Mountains under the constant pressure of the PLA's containment troops.

The second is the troops of the Northwest Military and Political Chief's Office, that is, the original old commander Zhang Zhizhong's men and horses, which can also be regarded as part of the Kuomintang Central Army, but because the old commander Zhang Zhizhong voted for **, the military and political chief of the Northwest was replaced by Ma Bufang, so this part of the people and horses are nominally under the command of Ma Bufang, but Ma Bufang also understands in his heart that although he is the Northwest military and political chief appointed by the National Government, he cannot command these central armies at all.

The third is the army of the Qinghai Ma Jiajun, that is, Ma Bufang's descendant troops, known as the Qingma Army, this part of the people is currently the most resolute, one of the most fierce forces in the confrontation with the PLA, its main force has all withdrawn to the Lanzhou area, ready to fight to the death with the PLA.

Fourth, the army of Ma Jiajun in Ningxia, that is, Ma Hongkui's army, commonly known as the Ningma Army and the Ningma Army in the Guanzhong area and the Qingma Army united against the People's Liberation Army unsuccessfully, Ma Hongkui, who was discouraged by Ma Bufang's "Pingliang Battle Plan", no longer had the confidence of Ma Bufang to fight together, and failed to cooperate well with the Qingma Army in the next few battles, and later broke up with the Qingma Army, only resisted in a place called Ren Shanhe, and then the main force retreated to Yinchuan.

Finally, let's talk about Ma Hongbin's army in the three horses, although Ma Hongbin is known as one of the three horses, and Ma Bufang and Ma Hongkui are equally famous, but Ma Hongbin's strength is far worse than the other two horses, and there is only one eighty-one army in his hand, and because Ma Hongbin and Ma Hongkui are uncles and brothers, both started in Ningxia, so the strength of Ma Hongbin in the three horses is generally classified as the Ningma in the second horse, but Ma Hongbin and his uncle and brother Ma Hongkui are not of the same heart, Historically, there has been no hatred with the PLA, so there is no enthusiasm for fighting the PLA, on the contrary, there is considerable resistance.

Chiang Kai-shek's original plan was to strictly limit the power of the three horses to Qinghai, Ningxia and Gansu, that is, to limit Ma Bufang's power to the Qinghai region.

Control the forces of Ma Hongkui and Ma Hongbin in the Ningxia region, in Ningxia, Ma Jiajun can do whatever he wants, but the conditions are the same as those of the Qingma Army, and the strength cannot go out of Ningxia.

In order to control the two horses or three horses, the Kuomintang government set up the Northwest Military and Political Chief's Office in Gansu, and the chief of the office must be a member of the central military system, and the Sanma family is not allowed to interfere, but later the Kuomintang army was defeated on the battlefield across the country, and the old chief of the office, Zhang Zhizhong, voted again, and the Kuomintang government in desperation gave the title of the Northwest Military and Political Governor to Ma Bufang in order to use the military power of the Second Horse, and the post of chairman of the Gansu Provincial Government was handed over to Ma Hongkui.

Erma was overjoyed with the title given by the Kuomintang government, since he was the military and political governor of the northwest, he had to set up the administrative center in Lanzhou, so Ma Bufang transferred the main force of the Qingma Army from Qinghai and Xining to Lanzhou, and prepared to use the natural dangers and fortifications in Lanzhou to fight a decisive battle with the PLA!!

After careful analysis, in the second half of '49, the Kuomintang still had a number of troops in the northwest under the banner of the party-state, and the total strength was also quite considerable, and the total number of troops added together was not much less than that of the PLA, but it was not a simple matter of addition and subtraction on the battlefield, just like Hu Zongnan's Central Army, a large number of people would certainly be able to win the battle.

However, the First Field Army of the People's Liberation Army, which is composed of two corps in the northwest (the 1st and 2nd Corps) and two corps in North China (the 18th and 19th Corps), was able to concentrate all its forces and fight out with an iron fist at any time.

Because of the rapid retreat of the Qing and Ning Erma, and the extremely fast speed of the enemy's maneuver, the Northwest Field Army did not achieve the operational intention of encircling and annihilating Qingma and Ningma, but the pursuit and annihilation operations of various units represented by the Independent Brigade of the Second Army severely damaged the enemy's spirit, completely cut off the connection between the two horses, and created a favorable situation for our army to advance into Lanzhou, Xining, and Yinchuan.

Several armies under the banner of the Kuomintang fled by different routes, and the remaining task of the Northwest Field Army, which was eyeing it fiercely, was to choose who to attack, but in the sweltering summer day, there was a biting chill over the senior Kuomintang officers in the Northwest.

Under the circumstance that Hu Zongnan retreated to the Qinling Mountains, the Qingma Army returned to Lanzhou, and the Ningma Army returned to Xining, the commander of the field army, Mr. Gu Peng, once again convened a high-level military meeting in Yiye.

Dingxi, the headquarters of the First Field Army of the People's Liberation Army, dozens of senior commanders above the army level came, and Mr. Peng, who was holding his sleeves, held a thin tree and pointed to the military map on the wall to explain to these commanders: "Comrades, our opponent has run away, and it is divided into several ways to run, and the next action plan of our field army is the question of who to attack, and this issue is also one of the main topics of our meeting today. ”

Peng Lao is always the deputy commander-in-chief of the People's Liberation Army and the commander of the Northwest Field Army, which can be described as a high position, but these commanders who came to the meeting did not have any scruples.

Commander Wang's usual loud voice sounded in the meeting: "Boss, I think that since we want to fight, we will fight the hardest, the hardest of the several forces in the northwest is undoubtedly Ma Bufang in Qinghai, the Green Horse Army is not only the strongest, but also the most resolute, only by defeating Ma Bufang can we deter the rest of the reactionary factions, so we will fight the Green Horse Army, as long as we eat the Ma Jiajun in Qinghai, the enemy in the northwest will be in a big trend, and we will be able to easily march into Xining in the future." ”

Mr. Peng listened carefully, and from time to time took out a small notebook to write down what he thought was useful, this method is an old tradition of the People's Liberation Army, and it is called Zhuge Lianghui in the most basic troops, and practice has proved that the collective wisdom is infinite, and it is precisely because of these valuable experiences that the People's Liberation Army can gradually move from weak to strong.

Another commander stood up: "Boss, I agree with Commander Wang's opinion, Ma Bufang is not only the most powerful among the enemies in the northwest, but also extremely reactionary, and has a blood feud with us, there is no possibility of resolution, so only a complete and clean elimination of this kind of enemy can solve the problem, my opinion is to concentrate all the main forces of our field army and encircle and annihilate the Qingma Army that ran to Lanzhou." ”

In the end, the opinions of the meeting room were gradually unified, and the overwhelming majority of the senior commanders of the People's Liberation Army who came to the meeting were to first eliminate the Qingma Army in Lanzhou.

Mr. Peng and the leaders of several field armies looked at each other, and Mr. Peng's frowning brows relaxed, because the opinions of these commanders were also the opinions of several senior leaders of their field armies, and Mr. Peng, who had not been excited for a long time, slapped the table: "It's really a hero's vision, that's it, just fight the Qingma Army, first eliminate Ma Bufang and Ma Jiyuan, and then deal with Hu Zongnan and Ma Hongkui." ”

Mr. Peng, who decided to attack the Qingma Army first, continued to introduce the situation to everyone: "According to our intelligence, Ma Bufang and Ma Jiyuan's father and son made up their minds to fight with us in Lanzhou, okay, very good, we are not afraid of him guarding, we are afraid of him running, as long as they don't run, it is a dead end, you see, Lanzhou is backed by the Yellow River, Ma Bufang and others believe that the Yellow River is a natural barrier against our People's Liberation Army, and it is a natural danger, but I think that on the contrary, the Yellow River is not only not a natural danger to block us, but a natural danger to block the enemy, As long as we can break through the city defenses of Lanzhou, the Yellow River can block their way, and the Qingma Army will be a dead end. ”

When the senior generals of the Northwest Field Army were studying how to deal with Ma Bufang in Lanzhou, the Ma family father and son were not idle, and Ma Bufang, who was determined to defend Lanzhou, drew up a "Lanzhou Joint Defense Operation Plan," the core content of the plan was to use all the main forces of the Qingma Army and the men and horses under the jurisdiction of the Northwest Governor's Office to defend Lanzhou, use Ma Hongkui's Ningma Army and Hu Zongnan's Central Army to respond on both flanks, and when the People's Liberation Army and the Qingma Army were exhausted, Ningma and the Central Army would attack from both sides and annihilate the Northwest Communist Army in one fell swoop. t！。

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