Section 611 Xiongnu System (1)
After the meeting ended, Liu Che deliberately asked Wei Shanghe to stay.
Wei Shang is a person with extremely strong mental strength.
Although, he is already in his eighties.
But he is still in high spirits, walking like flying, and sitting together, they all have a very powerful aura.
As one of the four gentlemen of Handan, Wei Shang has great prestige and prestige in the whole world.
There are even many rangers in Guanzhong who are Wei Shang's brainless fans.
Liu Che looked at the gatekeeper of the northern Han Dynasty and said: "Meng Shugong, I have worked hard from afar, since I ascended the throne, I have always wanted to have a long talk with Meng Shugong, but unfortunately, all kinds of trivial matters are entangled, and I have not been able to meet Meng Shugong, today, Meng Shugong is coming, I should talk with the prince, about the Huns, Yunzhong and the Great Wall, I have many incomprehensible points, and I also ask Meng Shugong to solve my doubts!" β
Today, if you talk about the understanding of the Xiongnu, Wei Shang said that he was the second, and no one dared to say that he was the first.
The oldest general in the Han family and the longest-serving veteran general has not left Yunzhong County since Emperor Taizong Xiaowen ascended the throne.
He personally experienced all the Han-Hungarian wars except for the Battle of Pingcheng, and witnessed the bits and pieces of Han-Hungarian relations in the past 30 years.
The Huns were under the city in the clouds, and there were tens of thousands of corpses.
Dozens of high-ranking Xiongnu nobles, including a legitimate big household, were killed by the military and civilians in Yunzhong.
The Xiongnu even established a shrine to Wei Shang in their own country, believing that Wei Shang was a god and could not be offended or violated.
Before the rise of Li Guangzhi, Wei Shang was the most feared and feared Han general of the Huns.
Meantime. Wei Shang also had a good personal relationship with some nobles of the Xiongnu.
Don't wonder why there is such a divine turn.
In reality. In history, the Han generals who could not handle the Huns themselves. They will all be friends on purpose.
From the beginning of the baby-filling, to today's Wei Shang, later Li Guang, Cheng Buzhi, Zhidu, Han Anguo, and even Wei Qinghuo to sick Zhao Ponu, the Huns have done this from beginning to end.
There is probably a plot of the simple steppe nomads worshipping heroes. But it is more likely that the Huns felt that only those they could not win were qualified to be friends with them.
To put it simply, it is to shake M.
But no matter what the case is, Wei Shang is also the Hun Tong who knows the Xiongnu situation best among the ministers of the Han Dynasty today.
Many questions, looking at the historical records, have not asked Wei Shanglai in detail.
After all. Sima Qian, the author of the historical records, although he was not an otaku, had never been to the grassland and had face-to-face communication with the Huns, especially the nobles of the Huns.
A lot of things in the annals. They were all recorded by Sima Qian after listening to other people's descriptions.
When Wei Shang heard this, he bowed and said, "Your Majesty, but you have a question." Old minister, know everything. Words are endless! β
Liu Che nodded, and said with a slight smile: "Meng Shugong." Hurry up, please ......"
The attendants on the left and right also hurriedly stepped forward to help Wei Shang up.
Liu Che thought for a while and asked: "I heard that there are many tribes in the Xiongnu country, and the chiefs of each tribe are called a certain king, and the relationship between each tribe and Shan Yu seems to be quite complicated, I have heard that a few years ago, the Xiongnu coup d'Γ©tat, Shan Yu killed his right virtuous king, and put Zhongxing to say that it was equal to Beihai, but set up his son as the king of the day, in addition, in the Xiongnu country, in addition to the tribal leaders, there are all kinds of small kings, humble kings, and there are no big kings without tribes, for example, in the past, there were Han Chen, defected to the Huns, and Shan Yu canonized him as the king, But they didn't let them have their own tribes, and so on, and asked Meng Shu to teach me! β
To deal with an enemy, you can't help but know him.
As the saying goes, the person who knows you best must be your enemy.
Even if you don't understand the enemy, what can you talk about defeating him?
Do you want to be as obscene as the Manchus?
This is obviously impossible.
Therefore, since ascending the throne, Liu Che has often read the reports of the envoys of the Xiongnu in Shiquge, and also consulted a large number of reports about the Xiongnu from border counties and local reports.
However, due to the current textual problems, Liu Che is unable to understand many things clearly-the documents using bamboo slips as the carrier are usually concise and to the point, and the words are like gold.
Just like the people of later generations, looking at the biographies of the Xiongnu in the historical records, they can only see flowers in the fog, like a blind man touching an elephant, and can only glimpse part of the appearance of the Xiongnu Empire.
But in what form and by what system did the Xiongnu form maintain, how did they manage their huge territory, and how did they control the tribes scattered across the grasslands.
How his power structure and military system were structured.
What is the relationship between the tribes within the Xiongnu, who is a mortal enemy with whom, and who is a feud with whom.
These problems are not described at all.
Even in today's Han archives, there are very few records and descriptions of this.
Everyone usually talks about the various non-universal aspects of the Xiongnu, and then brushes over the political structure of their country.
It was not until the reign of Little Pig that the Han family faced up to this problem and made a lot of efforts, through captives and bribes of Xiongnu nobles, and finally figured out the structure and system of the Xiongnu pyramid.
But Liu Che really doesn't know much about this.
I only remember some hearsay.
After Xia Rouge got married, through Xia Rouge and the slaves and maids she married, Liu Che had some new understanding of the Huns.
But these perceptions are still too broad.
After all, the status of women in the Xiongnu is not high, and naturally there will not be many things to know, which is nothing more than some common sense of the royal court.
But the real power structure and organizational system are not something that Xia Rouge and her maids and slaves can understand.
Now, seeing Wei Shang, Liu Che naturally needs to figure out the structure and composition of the Huns.
Only by knowing these can we make targeted arrangements in future wars.
Wei Shang pondered for a moment, organized his words, and then bowed: "Back to Your Majesty, these things." It's complicated to say, but since Your Majesty wants to know. The old minister is naturally willing to inform His Majesty in detail! β
"First of all, Your Majesty asks the ministers. The relationship between the Xiongnu tribes and Shan Yuting, this issue, the minister thinks, it is necessary to explain to His Majesty the rise of the Xiongnu first! β
"Huh?" Liu Che nodded.
The rise of the Xiongnu is not a secret, and everyone knows that at the beginning, the Qin Dynasty collapsed. A special prize was given to the Huns.
Due to the huge strength of the rebel army in the country, Qin's army was almost vulnerable.
Chen Sheng and Wu Guang's rebel army even shouted the slogan of entering the Han Valley and destroying the Qin court.
The panicked ruler of Qin, on the one hand, took Zhang Han as his general, sent 200,000 prisoners to Lishan, armed himself, and sent a letter to Guguan in the east. Go to extinguish the rebels. On the other hand, the Qin court urgently ordered the transfer of the Qin kingpai stationed in the Hetao, and the Great Wall Army returned to defend the country.
After the callback of the Great Wall Legion. The Hetao became a pie that fell from the world, making the Huns eat with their mouths full of oil.
Not to mention the large number of military supplies and various equipment left by the Qin State in the Hetao area.
In order to develop and defend the Hetao, the Qin Dynasty alone established a complete and mature city defense system and various handicraft workshops. It can make the Huns laugh in their dreams in the middle of the night.
Qin Dengfeng's bronze smelting technology, even if the Huns only digested one thousandth. It's enough for them to beat the whole grassland.
Not to mention, the Qin people abandoned almost all of their industries in the Hetao at that time.
Many key workshops. Even the original was left to the Huns.
Relying on the inheritance of these Qin people, the Xiongnu were able to grow from a small tribe to an empire that could beat the steppe and dominate East Asia in a short period of time.
But Wei Shang seems to have his opinion?
Liu Che sat down upright and listened carefully to the views of the Han minister, who had dealt with the Huns for more than 30 years and had an 'in-depth' exchange with the Huns almost every year.
Because Wei Shang is currently the only minister of the Han Dynasty who has personally experienced the changes in the rule of the three generations of the Xiongnu from Maodun to the present.
It's not that there are no people who know the Huns better than Wei Shang.
For example, Lou Jing, Lu Jia and other famous diplomats of the previous generation had a very detailed understanding of the world of Yidi.
In particular, Lou Jing once personally communicated with Mao Dun Shan Yu face-to-face, and single-handedly contributed to the Han and Hungarian peace policies, and he had a certain personal relationship with Mao Dun and Lao Shangshan Yu.
But they're all dead.
Even the brothers of Han Yidang, who ran back from the Xiongnu, and those who surrendered were not as good as Wei Shang's understanding of the Xiongnu.
Because Wei Shang was in Yunzhong County, he had to face the huge pressure of the Xiongnu Munan cluster on the opposite side every moment.
If he didn't have enough understanding of the Xiongnu, it would be impossible for Wei Shang to let Yunzhong County be as safe as a rock for thirty years.
In stark contrast, Beidi County, a heavily armed place, fell to the Xiongnu cavalry twice in history.
Wei Shang paused and said, "What should I say......
"That's your majesty, you should have seen the record of the dialogue between the Han envoy and the Huns when Emperor Taizong, the minister remembers, Emperor Taizong Xiaowen ten years, the Han envoy returned from the Huns, and once reported, and it was the answer to the Bank of China!"
Liu Che nodded, there is indeed such a thing.
Wei Shangdao: "Then Your Majesty should remember that the Bank of China once said: The Huns can't be a county of Han."
Liu Che nodded, this is indeed clearly recorded.
Wei Shang raised his head, looked at Liu Che, and asked: "The Bank of China said that when Lao Shangshan was first established, he went with the family team, married the Xiongnu, and then plotted for Lao Shang, plotting against my Han, at that time, six years before Emperor Taizong Xiaowen, at that time, the population of a county in China was only three or four hundred thousand!" β
"As the Bank of China said is true, with the mouth of the Huns, why did they enter our territory with 400,000 troops during the Battle of Pingcheng in the former?" Wei Shang stood up and said: "The answer is that the population of the Xiongnu is indeed only three or four hundred thousand, however, the Xiongnu count people began with the Bank of China's teaching to count the population and livestock, in other words, they are only counted as men!" β
"People in the world often think that Yidi in the north is all the Huns......" Wei Shang paused, and said with some excitement: "The meat eaters in the court, especially so, but the old minister is in the clouds, fighting with the Huns day and night, and naturally knows that the people on the opposite side are not all Huns!" β
"The so-called Kun evil king of the Huns, Hugh Tu Wang, in fact, is not the Huns, the so-called Aries King, Lou Fu King, is not the Huns, the real Huns, in fact, it is the left and right Xian King, the left and right Gu Li King and the left and right generals, the left and right bone marquis, the left and right big household commanded by the soldiers, the rest, Hugh Tu, Kun evil or good, are all Hun lackeys, but after the Mao Dun army attached to its soldiers, Yi Di Zahu belonged!"
Wei Shang's words, like a paste empowerment, made Liu Che clear the fog, and suddenly understood many questions that he had not figured out in three lifetimes.
I see!
Liu Che thought to himself.
He already had a general understanding of the organizational structure of the Huns.
Presumably an original version of the Manchu-like Eight Banners system.
The Eight Banners of Manchuria are the direct tribes of the left and right virtuous kings, the left and right kings of Guli and the left and right generals, the left and right bone marquis, and the left and right big households.
The other tribes of Xiutu and Kunxie are the Mongolian Eight Banners.
Later, the attached Xianbei King, Wuheng King, and Donghu King were the new attached army, the Green Battalion soldiers.
Only in this way can many problems be explained.
For example, Huo Qubing single-handedly persuaded the Xiu Tu Department to surrender, and as soon as he gave an order, he asked the Kun Evil King to kill his 8,000 people who were unwilling to surrender.
Such a miracle, in the history books, is simply a mythical existence.
Countless historians have broken their heads and have not figured out why.
In the end, it can only be blamed on Huo Qu's illness, Kun Xie and Xiu Tu were hit by Huo Qu's brain-dead aura, and when they saw Huo Qu's illness, they bowed their heads and worshipped, and their loyalty was instantly max.
But opening the history books, everyone can clearly see that there is a premise for the desperate surrender of Kun Xie and Xiu Tu - in the autumn, Shan Yu Nu Kun Xie and Xiu Tu lived in the west for the Han army to kill and plunder tens of thousands of people, and wanted to summon them.
In the previous section, the Han army killed and plundered tens of thousands of people in that place: in the summer, the hussar general Fu and the joint cavalry waited for tens of thousands to ride out of Longxi, two thousand miles in the north, crossed Juyan, attacked Qilian Mountain, and captured more than 30,000 people in Hu Shou, and more than 70 people under Xiao Wang.
This battle took place in the third year before the decisive battle of Mobei, after the battles of Huo Quai's Rouge Mountain and Gaonan Mountain.
Huo Quai's brilliant victories in Rouge Mountain and Gaonan Mountain did not let Shan Yu be angry and summoned him to be killed.
On the contrary, next, the two-thousand-mile expedition that was much less influential than the battles of Rouge Mountain and Gaonan Mountain, and was fought almost the entire time, made Shan Yu angry and wanted to kill two tribal leaders who had a pivotal position in his country.
If it weren't for the fact that Yi Zhi's head was in the water at that time, it must have been Huo Qu's illness that stabbed the weakness of the Huns, just like he burned the Huns' ancestral Dragon City in the first battle, which made Yi Zhixian lose his mind angrily.
After all, the surrender of Hutu and Kun Xie directly led to the entire Hexi region of the Xiongnu completely falling into the hands of the Han army.
"Losing my Qilian Mountain will make my six animals restless; I have lost my Rouge Mountain, so that my wife has no color. This classic Xiongnu tragedy in later generations is a good expression of the strategic dilemma faced by the Xiongnu after the surrender of the Kunxi and Hutu tribes.
Qilian Mountain and Rouge Mountain were no longer owned by the Xiongnu.
This matter directly led to Yi Zhixian having to lead the main force of his royal court to fight a decisive battle with Wei Qinghuo in Mobei in the second year, and finally collapsed, and the Xiongnu almost fell into the disaster of extermination!
The failure of the decisive battle in Mobei caused the Xiongnu to lose most of the adult men, and the entire upper nobles were killed and captured by nearly half, only Shan Yu and a small number of nobles, and the royal family was only spared.
Then, the origin of the more than 30,000 Huns who were killed and captured by Huo Qubing must be very large.
Just like the Manchu Qing Dynasty, no matter how many deaths the new annexed army is, Aixin Jueluo will not feel distressed.
However, if the entire Eight Banners of Manchuria are hung up, then the Eight Banners of Mongolia and the new annexed army who are watching the play next to them, the Eight Banners of the Han Dynasty or something, can still live? (To be continued......)
PS: I looked up countless materials in this chapter, and then I made up some of them. There is no way, there are too few historical records about the Xiongnu, and we can only make certain guesses and re-understanding on the basis of the existing historical records, otherwise many things cannot be explained clearly.