Chapter 1290: Leap
As a result, when the Iranian Civil War was in full swing, what was later called the best single-engine fighter in the German Second World War was finally freshly baked. The FW190 was the first air-cooled engine fighter to be equipped in the Luftwaffe with a rated power of about 1,800 horsepower, and the BMW 801 engine with a rated power of about 1,800 horsepower gave the aircraft an extremely abundant power, making the early FW190A fighter capable of speeds of up to 670 kilometers per hour! That's more than 50 kilometers per hour faster than other fighters of the same period! Coupled with excellent vertical maneuverability and handling performance, the Allied air force finally suffered in the early stage of World War II, and even the Spitfire 5 fighter, which was known for its excellent flight performance, was still defeated at the beginning.
In addition to flight performance, the FW190 fighter also solves the problem of the short range of the BF109 to a certain extent. The internal fuel of the FW190 fighter has reached more than 600L, although it is still not very far, but it has a range of 900 to 1000 kilometers at a speed of 450KM per hour at the right altitude, and with a 300L fuel tank, the range has reached more than 1400 kilometers at high speed! (As for the low-speed range, don't ask the author about this, the author also wants to know.) )
And in terms of firepower, even the most demanding Luftwaffe pilots could not fault anything. FW190 FIGHTERS ARE PLANNED TO BE EQUIPPED WITH TWO MG151/20 CANNONS ON THE INSIDE OF THE WINGS, PLUS TWO 20MM OELI CANNONS ON THE OUTSIDE, AND TWO 13MM MACHINE GUNS IN THE NOSE POSITION. Such a powerful firepower can be called a luxury, and even without any other external weapons, it is not a big problem to deal with twin-engine bombers. What's even more commendable is that the FW190 itself has a strong ground attack capability, and according to German estimates, the maximum bomb load of this aircraft can reach more than 1.5 tons! After simple improvements, it can be used as a good attack aircraft. The powerful bomb load is the best among existing single-engine fighters.
After the breakthrough in the FW190 fighter project, another long-range fighter project, the DO335 program, did not go well, for the simple reason that the weight of this thing was simply too large. It's a bit difficult to lose weight. Because the rear of the fuselage is equipped with a liquid-cooled engine and a long propeller shaft, even after the built-in magazine is removed, the weight is still heavier than that of a normal twin-engine aircraft. And because of the rear-mounted engine. When landing, it is easy to scratch the rear propeller. The landing gear also had to be as high and as strong as possible, so the weight was too high, and a lot of weight meant a tragedy of climbing, and because the rear engine needed to dissipate heat. Therefore, it is necessary to add an oil radiator to the lower part of the engine. In short, according to the evaluation of test pilots, this aircraft has a lot of problems in addition to speed and long range.
Germany's twin-engine fighter program was in a difficult situation, and war was about to break out, and if the twin-engine long-range aircraft could not be put into mass production immediately, the impact on future wars would be immeasurable. As a result, some anxious Germans decided to start more stoves and bloom more. Messerschmidt, Henrier, and Fokker joined forces and began to develop their own twin-engine aircraft. In the face of the big cake of the Air Force, each company has its own thoughts, and the twin-engine aircraft developed by the Messerschmitt company wants to eat both the fighter and the light bomber at the same time. Henryl, on the other hand, is more honest. They are preparing to develop a high-speed night fighter specifically for the night bombers of the United States and Britain. Fokker was very lazy and wanted to build a twin-engine aircraft similar to the German version of the Mosquito. And the final result of this chaotic situation is that the production of German twin-engine aircraft is very chaotic, coupled with the ongoing DO335 research and development program, the Germans are actually working on 4 twin-engine aircraft at the same time! What is shocking is that in the end, these 4 aircraft are actually in service! After learning the news, Xu Jie also had to admire the Luftwaffe, it can waste production capacity so much, and at the same time engage in so many projects can be regarded as NB! Of course, for China and the Entente. This is definitely good news!
From a technical point of view, the Luftwaffe at this time was a bit like Germany in 1941, approaching the first peak of the explosion of technological level, and the fighter was upgraded from BF109E to BF109F and FW190A. This period was the most glorious time for the Luftwaffe. And on this plane. The Germans abandoned the JU87 program for the exclusive ground attack aircraft and replaced it with the JU90 program, which will be fast with new JUMO211 engines. Therefore, the speed of the JU90 torpedo aircraft can keep up with the rapid swarm of Germany, so that the combination of German naval aviation in the near future will be FW190/BF109T (this T type is not historically modified from the E type). Instead, it was changed with an F-shape. The bomber and electronic warfare aircraft will be the on-board version of the BF110, and the torpedo machine will be the JU90T torpedo aircraft equipped with a new liquid-cooled engine, and when the JU90 aircraft can achieve high-speed cruise, the German Navy has specifically discussed whether the BF110 is still needed.
Opponents argued that the BF110 was too large for scheduling, and that the fundamental reason for the BF110 at that time was that the speed of the single-engine torpedo machine was too low. And now that the speed of the torpedo machine has gone up, the value of the BF110 does not seem to be so great. But opponents believe that twin-engine aircraft still have a great advantage in performing combat missions, first of all, a BF110 can carry at least 2 rounds of 500KG bombs, and the JU90 will be very poor in terms of take-off performance and range under such a large load. And a twin-engine aircraft will definitely not occupy more than 2 torpedo aircraft, so from the point of view of dive bombing, the shipboard version of the BF110 is still very advantageous.
In addition, the role of electronic countermeasures in the war is increasing, so it is necessary for the Luftwaffe to equip aircraft carriers with a special electronic warfare aircraft and reconnaissance aircraft equipped with radar, according to the current industrial level of Germany, it is really difficult to cram jammers, radiolocation equipment, radiostations or radars and operators into a single-engine aircraft, so even if the future carrier-based attack aircraft can reach the attack power of twin-engine aircraft, from the perspective of the entire fleet, twin-engine aircraft are still necessary, Of course, the specific number can be adjusted to a certain extent.
As for the heavy bomber, the Germans were quite satisfied with the HE177 Griffin bomber, which was designed with four liquid-cooled engines, and the structural strength could be reduced because there was no emphasis on dive performance. So in the end, this bomber weighs a little less than the previous one, and the flight performance is more stable, which can be regarded as a bomber on the same level as the B17 and Lancaster.
If the Germans were shocked by the superiority of Xia and the Entente in radar and electronics in the Italian War, and fought to catch up, then when China used guided weapons in the Iran War to clean up important points of the Allies with great efficiency. The Germans were also shocked by this, but soon after the Luftwaffe and the relevant technical personnel discussed it, this shock was much diluted, because the Luftwaffe top brass found that the Germans were also developing various guided weapons, and judging by the current situation. In terms of type and performance, it is stronger than the guided weapons used by Huaxia.
"If Huaxia doesn't hide anything, just from the information they have exposed now, the other party's guided weapons and rocket weapons are not advanced, at present they only have one bomb that uses remote control equipment, and what we have developed is not just a bomb, but a complete system, in addition to the simplest non-powered remote control bomb, we also have a power to guide the bomb. We call it a missile. When confronted with Richthofen's anxious questioning, Dr. von Braun, who was in charge of German rocket and guided weapons development, replied in a very relaxed tone. Of course, he is only speaking from a technical point of view. In fact, as a soldier, especially a soldier who knows more about Huaxia, Richthofen believes that Huaxia will definitely have a back hand, and will definitely not play all his hole cards in a secondary battlefield!
However, Dr. von Braun's words took a lot of pressure off Richthofen. Historically, the Germans had a very high level of guided weapons, and in this plane, the development of various German guided weapons was undoubtedly earlier than in history, and the conditions were better. And the results achieved are also better than the historical number, at least in terms of models, there are more and more miscellaneous than the history, and they are varied!
Among these various guidance methods, the most talked about are television guidance and infrared guidance. In principle. Television guidance is obviously more advanced than using a light-emitting tube at the tail of a bomb to determine the relative position of the bomb and the target, and what a great idea it is to search for the target through a camera on the top of the bomb and then transmit the image back to the plane to adjust the course. However, it is very difficult to guarantee both the clarity of the camera and the stability of information transmission in practice, but even so, the Germans tried to put it into practice. As for infrared guidance in the back? The Americans have done this in history, but the specific actual combat effect is unknown, and the Germans have also begun to study related projects. But it's hard to say whether it will work out. Xu Jie didn't think about this thing, but think about the experience of later generations, the infrared guidance head during the Cold War was susceptible to interference from the sun and various heat sources in the battlefield, and in terms of the technical level of the 2nd World War, this thing is really not very reliable, maybe naval warfare can still try, and it is better to wash and sleep when attacking ground targets!
In this regard, the German in this plane actually came up with a magnetron for some unknown reason, and applied it to radar and other electronic equipment, which means that the radar level of the Germans will be higher than in history. (In fact, at the end of World War II, the Germans also developed high-frequency radars, but there were not many of them.) And because of the improvement of radar technology, it is also possible to use radar-guided bombs to attack warships or ground targets. In terms of information transmission, although the Germans also engaged in two methods, wire guidance and radio command guidance, as in history, considering the superiority of the Entente and China in radio technology, the Germans preferred to use the wire guide method to guide their medium and short-range weapons. After all, the wire guide will never be interfered with in the process of information transmission. (While the Germans were a shame in electronic warfare during Operation Hanging Garden, they were not naïve enough to think that the other side was capable of doing so.) )
The most proud guided weapon of the Germans is an experimental anti-ship missile just made, the Germans use a 500KG bomb as the warhead of this type of missile, and then install wings and engines on it, this rocket engine can provide 600KG thrust for the missile, and work stably for 10 seconds, which is enough to give the missile a speed of 190 kilometers per hour. If we consider the speed of the carrier aircraft and the missile when the altitude is lowered, then the final speed of the missile will be between 435 and 900 kilometers per hour, depending on the altitude and speed of the missile. At the same time, the effective distance is also related to the speed and altitude of the carrier aircraft. (Well, the second half of this thing is almost gliding.) According to German estimates, the missile can be launched at a range of 400 to 2,000 meters, and the range is between 3.5 km and 18 kilometers! At this distance, it is completely immune to the attack of shipborne anti-aircraft guns. What's more, in order to ensure that the missiles are not interfered with, the Germans also plan to design a wired guidance version, and the aircraft is prepared with more than ten or even twenty kilometers of wires!
As for guided bombs? In addition to the X-bomb modified from 1400KG bombs, the Germans also modified a large number of 250KG and 500KG bombs, the former is for single-engine attack aircraft, and the latter is for twin-engine aircraft. Even the Germans planned to equip carrier-based aircraft with guided bombs. And this is another ulterior reason why the Navy insisted on keeping the twin-engine bomber, which can certainly accommodate 2 or 3 crew members. However, the control and sighting equipment that wants to accommodate guided weapons requires considerable space, which cannot be met by a single-engine aircraft. Twin-engine aircraft can barely place the required electronics inside, and then carry bombs outside.
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