In March, there was no spring in Berlin at all, and the cold wind mixed with the light snow made people's faces ache. Hoffman tightened his collar and glanced carefully behind him to make sure no one was following him before knocking on the door.

A woman's bluntness came from inside the house: "Who? ”

"Me, Hoffman!"

A few seconds later, the door creaked open, but the face facing Hoffman was not a weak woman, but a big man.

"You're late!"

"I know! Fried! Hoffman muttered, "The blacksmith told the comrades to get ready for the operation early tomorrow morning!" ”

Fried nodded, "What else?" ”

Hoffman tightened his collar again and smiled, "Stay safe!" ”

After a night of traveling through most of Berlin and delivering countless messages, Hoffmann returned to his residence exhausted. Like the average German worker, his home was like a small kennel, cold, damp and especially lacking enough food to fill his stomach.

Although tired, Hoffman felt that it was worth it, and if tomorrow's uprising could succeed, drive out the damned emperor, and withdraw from this brutal war, life would be better. Thinking of this, Hoffman fell asleep to his heart's content, dreaming of a new place to live, delicious food......

It was a night that was difficult for many German progressive workers to sleep as well as Hoffmann did. At the thought that the uprising would break out tomorrow, they were irrepressibly excited, and one by one they seemed impatient, wishing they could do it immediately.

This was true of the workers, and even more so of the leaders of the revolution, and Liebknecht walked up and down the room excitedly. Muttering something. Luxembourg is a lot quieter. There was a hint of melancholy between his eyebrows.

"Comrade Luxembourg, what are you worried about?"

When Liebknecht stopped by chance, he noticed that his old comrade-in-arms didn't look right, and couldn't help but ask.

Luxemburg sighed softly and said quietly: "I don't know what history will say about our actions tomorrow." ”

"That would open a new chapter in German history!" Liebknecht replied in the affirmative, "Isn't it the establishment of a new Germany under the dictatorship of the proletariat that we are fighting for?" ”

"I know, but that's ideal," Luxembourg's sentiment is still not too high, "and I'm very worried that tomorrow's uprising will turn into a violent and bloody conflict." Just like the October Revolution in Russia! ”

Maybe some comrades were surprised. How does Luxembourg's tone sound like a Menshevik tune? The revolutionary position is not firm, and there is little trust and confidence in the revolutionary masses. If this argument had been put on the Bolsheviks, it would have been nailed to Lenin as a counter-revolutionary, and then a heavy machine gun would have swooped out.

In fact, Luxemburg's revolutionary position was quite bizarre: she agreed to the establishment of a people's power under the dictatorship of the proletariat, but she was clearly opposed to violent revolution, to the seizure of power by force, and to the one-party dictatorship. While in prison, she also wrote an article entitled "The Russian Revolution", in which she strongly criticized the Bolsheviks.

Truth be told, Luxembourg's mind is always swinging from side to side and too idealistic. What kind of multi-party democracy are you doing when your grandmother's dictatorship is in power? If you don't launch a violent revolution, will the target of the revolution obediently hand over power?

Of course. It is undeniable that although there is an element of naivety in Luxemburg's thinking, the conscience of the revolution is still full, and compared with some of the old revolutionaries in Russia who dare to think and do, she is truly worthy of admiration.

And even if Luxemburg had certain doubts about the future revolution, she did not shy away from it, as Kamenev and Zinoviev did, and categorically "betrayed" the revolution on the eve of its outbreak. She fulfilled her obligations as a member of the Communist Party and respected the opinions of the majority.

Compared with her, Liebknecht was more determined, he was more radical, and the success of the Russian revolution made him full of energy, since backward Russia could complete the proletarian revolution, even if the way of the revolution was a little problematic, but it was undoubtedly successful. Russia can succeed, there is no reason why Germany, which is stronger in the working class, cannot win!

Liebknecht was very bold in believing that the German revolution would inevitably be victorious, not only to overthrow the Hohenzollern dynasty, but also to overthrow the rule of the bourgeoisie and the Junker landlords, and to establish a new socialist Germany in one fell swoop.

So he said to Luxembourg: "Comrade Luxembourg, you need not have any worries at all. The strength and maturity of our working class far exceed that of backward Russia. We will not be so savage, violent and bloody. I even think that tomorrow's uprising could be a new glorious revolution...... Under the coercion of the working class, the imperialists and their lackeys can only withdraw from the stage of history with their tails between their legs! ”

Luxemburg was amused by Liebknecht's imitation of a dog's tail clamp, and although she still had doubts, what was there to worry about with these like-minded comrades?

As the sun rises on a new day, the streets of Berlin are filled with people, at first like a stream, then like a river, then into a great river, and finally into a surging tsunami.

The vast majority of Berlin's inhabitants were unusually calm in the face of this wave, knowing that this day would come sooner or later since the outbreak of the Russian Revolution and the Jewish uprising in Fort Collins. In fact, most of them were surprised that the Berlin uprising came so late, so when the uprising really broke out, they enthusiastically jumped in, and for a time Wilhelm II was under great pressure.

Two years earlier, when the February Revolution broke out in Russia, Wilhelm II had laughed at the incompetence of his cousin Nicholas II, who could gloat, read jokes, and even secretly rejoice, thinking that he would win the war.

But when the revolution broke out in Germany, and when the previously obedient subjects poured into the streets like lions out of the cage, Wilhelm II was also confused and confused. At this moment, he finally realized the mood of Nicholas II back then - a thousand tastes in his heart!

"Your Majesty, news has come from the cabinet that Austria-Hungary has announced its surrender. Karl I had already given up participating in the government of a qiē. ”

Wilhelm II appeared indifferent. For Karl I. He didn't have much affection, and it was no surprise that he had tried to make peace with France in 1917 because he had not been determined enough!

Wilhelm II considered himself stronger than Karl I, and his tenacious will would allow him to overcome this difficult time, just like Frederick the Great did!

However, Wilhelm II soon received a series of blows, and Archduke Maximilian of Baden, the new prime minister who had only recently taken office to negotiate peace with the Entente, soon telegraphed Wilhelm II and conveyed two messages to His Majesty the Emperor: "First. revoke him the titles of German Emperor and King of Prussia; Second, the government will not suppress the uprising. ”

This news caught Wilhelm II off guard, and he had thought that the worst-case scenario would be to be stripped of the title of German Emperor, thinking that he would be able to preserve the throne of Prussia. Who would have thought that there was nothing left and was wiped clean.

Wilhelm II could not accept this result, and was extremely angry at the "wanton behavior" of the Grand Duke of Baden, and even demanded that the Grand Duke be removed from power immediately. Wilhelm II felt that his army, and that Hindenburg and Ludendorff could preserve their position, and he quickly drafted a telegram, hoping that the two generals would hurry to the king's rescue.

However, Wilhelm II's telegram had not yet been sent. The telegram announcing Ludendorff's resignation was on his desk, and William Ludendorff, who succeeded Ludendorff as Chief of the General Staff. Grener gave the emperor the final blow - he bluntly told the supreme one. The army, under the leadership of Hindenburg, was not going to suppress the uprising.

IN FACT, HINDENBURG WAS HINTING AT WILLEM II TO ABDICATE AND OUT AS SOON AS POSSIBLE. In this regard, the emperor, who thought that his nerves were extremely resolute and would not be knocked down by any difficulties, finally knew what reality was, and the reality was that he was finished.

Soon, Wilhelm II announced his abdication, and then fled to the Netherlands for refuge, and the first to advocate the abdication of the Grand Duke of Baden could not continue in the position of Prime Minister, under the strong pressure of the Social Democrats, the Grand Duke of Baden had to announce his resignation, giving way to Friedrich. Albert.

Overnight, the German revolution seemed to have triumphed, His Majesty the Emperor had gone, the more democratic Social Democrats had come to power, and the first looked so promising. But what the Germans did not know was that under hope was a deep despair.

Albert would like to say that there are merits, such as the emancipation of women and the strengthening of the right of ordinary people to education. But when you say that he turned the tide and saved Germany, that's really.

Before the outbreak of World War I, he supported Germany's entry into the war and parted ways with Liebknecht and Luxembourg. After the outbreak of the November Revolution in Germany, he was the one who raised the butcher's knife in the face of the raging flames of revolution. It was he who overthrew Wilhelm II and signed the humiliating Treaty of Versailles. In the end, it was he who brought the economy to a collapse and laid a solid foundation for the Nazis to come to power.

Therefore, it can be said that Albert was a very capable man (this was the son of a tailor, who had worked as a harness worker in his early years, and his background was not good), but I am afraid that even the Germans of the time would not like him and appreciate him. In the twenties and thirties, the left wing of Germany considered him a traitor to the revolution by killing Luxemburg and Liebknecht, and the right wing considered him a traitor to the nation by forcing Kaiser Wilhelm II away, kneeling and licking the Entente bloc. Personally, I think it is quite appropriate to call it the German Li Zhongtang.

"The revolution has achieved its initial victory!" Albert sternly said to his henchmen, "Wilhelm II has abdicated, and we can soon move on to the next phase of the operation." But before proceeding with a new step, I must warn you that you must be wary of the Communists. The lessons of Russia lay in front of us, and the careerists led by Liebknecht and Luxemburg could at any time follow the example of the Bolsheviks in a new revolution. And their so-called revolution will destroy our country! This is absolutely intolerable! ”

After a brief pause, Albert forcefully declared: "We must be prepared in advance, and as soon as they show signs of rioting, they must be immediately and mercilessly suppressed, and we must not be soft!" ”

On the other hand, Luxemburg and Liebknecht, who were celebrating the victory with the working masses, were indeed advocating a new revolution: "We must build a Soviet Germany, a proletarian Germany!" ”

Of course, for how to build a Soviet Germany. Luxembourg and Liebknecht are at odds. Luxembourg believes that the time has come to move from armed struggle to parliamentary struggle. Violent revolutions should not continue. It is necessary to gain power by means of parliamentary struggle, and then proceed to establish a Germany under the dictatorship of the proletariat.

Liebknecht naturally disagreed, feeling that Luxembourg had been influenced too much by Albert and had taken the wrong line of revisionism. At present, the revolution in Germany has achieved certain results, but this has been quite limited. Neither the bourgeoisie nor the Junker landlords have been eradicated, what is the dictatorship of the proletariat?

Liebknecht believed that there was only one more popular uprising. Only after a thorough settlement of the bourgeoisie and the Junker landlords will it be possible to enter into the procedure of Luxembourg's theory.

The arguments between the two sides were fierce, but Luxemburg did not prevail because the German working class, inspired by the success of the Berlin uprising, had become more confident than ever, and with the example of Russia, they believed that they were capable of carrying out the revolution once and for all and establishing the dictatorship of the proletariat in Germany.

It was not only the German working class that was in the mood for it, but also the inspiration of Radek and Yue Fei. In their view, the Berlin uprising was the equivalent of the February Revolution in Russia. It was necessary to carry out an in-depth October Revolution.

"It's a great time! We must not back down! Now is the time for the working class to take power! ”

They frequently cheered for Liebknecht and the German workers, and constantly painted a beautiful blueprint. He even declared: "As soon as a genuine proletarian revolution is carried out in Germany, the flames of revolution will quickly spread throughout the world, and the proletariat not only in Germany and Russia, but also in Austria-Hungary, England, France and the United States will immediately take action, and a great proletarian world revolution will sweep the whole world...... Then there will be no more wars, no more strife, and the proletarians of the world will be truly united...... The future of humanity will be infinitely better! ”

As a result of these two efforts, both the German Communist Party and the German working class were agitated, and the new revolutionary motion was immediately put to motion. In a telegram to the Central Committee and to Trotsky, Radek and Viet Fei proudly stated: "With our efforts, the German working class will once again take up arms, they will drive out the Social Democrats and carry out a complete revolution...... The world revolution has broken out, Comrade Trotsky, you will soon see the red sweep across Europe, and a whole new page in world history will be opened...... We are proud to play a part in this new page! ”

Note that the Berlin uprising broke out on March 31, a day not far from Li Xiaofeng's estimate of Germany's surrender. However, Radek and Yue Fei scoffed at someone's language: "It's ridiculous, Germany did not surrender. The power in Germany will soon return to the hands of the people, when it will be the bourgeoisie and the imperialists who will capitulate in the new revolutionary wave! ”

The implication of these two men was that because of their efforts, the German proletariat had succeeded in carrying out the revolution and had completely disrupted the plans of the German imperialists, who had no chance to be in league with the Entente. That is, Germany will not surrender, the Entente will not win, and in its place will be a revolution that will sweep the world.

But these two really didn't expect that the moment of slapping their faces would come so quickly. The day after the victory of the Berlin uprising, on April 1. Albert announced his succession as German Prime Minister and formed a coalition provisional government of the Socialist Party. And the first order issued by this provisional government after coming to power was - surrender!

This scene was so unexpected, Radek and Yue Fei were stunned, there was no indication that the Social Democrats had the intention of surrendering immediately to end the war, why did they suddenly announce their surrender?

Raddick and Yue Fei were too careless, he did not expect that Albert had already made contact with the Entente and had reached a preliminary agreement on the total surrender of Germany. For Albert, the overthrow of Wilhelm II was a godsend, not only to end the bitter war, but also to gain power. Why let go of such a great opportunity?

History is always strikingly similar: the fruits of the February Revolution in Russia, spontaneously set off by the proletarian masses, were once stolen by the right-wing parties, and the Berlin uprising, launched by the German working class, was naturally exploited by the right-wing parties. The result of the revolution was only the defeat of a lonely man, Wilhelm II. The vested interests in Germany were barely affected, and the big bourgeoisie and the Junker landlords were merely a change of agent.

In his reply to Viet Fei and Radek, Trotsky said: "The capitulation of the German Social Democrats is not surprising at all, and you must now do everything you can to help the German Communist Party to organise itself and carry out a new revolution as much as possible." I am convinced that the German proletariat will be able to fulfill the heavy task entrusted to them by history! ”

Lenin was of a similar view to Trotsky, who also believed that if a world revolution was to be launched, a new revolution must be launched in Germany. But he was not as optimistic as Trotsky, warning in a telegram to Radek and Viet Fei: "It turns out that Comrade Andrei's warning is not false at all. The German imperialists and the bourgeoisie curried favor with the Entente bloc by changing their masters, laying the groundwork for capitulation...... From their actions this time, it can be concluded that they have been prepared for this qiē for a long time and are acting according to the plan! You will inevitably be brutally attacked by them in carrying out a new revolution in Germany, and you must be well prepared! (To be continued......)

PS: Bow and thank you to the comrades who took the Pole, Juventus and Legostarwar who have been willing to help correct their mistakes!