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No matter how you look at it, when it comes to modern Chinese thought, Yan Fu, the enlightener of modern Chinese thought, can't get around. Yang Rui handled other things more sloppily, but he was very concerned about the meeting with Yan Fuh, these days he was no longer full of revolution, but only one question: that is, after abandoning the old culture, how to rebuild Chinese civilization under modernization? This question was asked to Wang Jitong, Wang Jitong said that he should worship Buddhism, asked Cai Yuanpei, Cai Yuanpei said to do a good job in education, asked Zhang Taiyan, and Zhang Taiyan replied that he had no solution for a while. In this case, Yang Rui had no choice but to go and ask Yan Fu.

In the case of Kaiping Coal Mine, Yan Fu went to the United Kingdom at the invitation of Zhang Yi to fight a lawsuit to recapture Kaiping, but Kaiping was originally sold by Zhang Yi for personal gain, and the reason why he went to Britain was nothing more than being forced by the government and the opposition. He stayed in Shanghai since he returned, and later participated in the preparation of Fudan Public School at the invitation of Ma Xiangbo. When Fudan Public School was first established, in order to save money for the school building, he asked the Governor of Liangjiang for the temporary school building of Admiral Wusong's Yamen, which had long been unused. Where the Yamen of Admiral Wusong is located, it is in Wusong Bay at the mouth of the Huangpu River, 20 kilometers away from the concession. Fudan is not in Jiangwan but in Wusong, and it is still a little troublesome to go. In order to go to the meeting earlier, Yang Rui went out of the concession early in the morning, and went to Baoshan Road in the leasing world, and then went to the earliest construction, but it was repaired and demolished, and then repaired the Songhu Railway to Wusong, and there were not many people who went out of the city to take the train in the morning, and the autumn was high and cool, and the road was very brisk, only to Wusong Station, and it was only ten o'clock.

Outside the Yamen of Admiral Wu Song, although it has been dilapidated, it is still quite a school after a little tidying up and hanging a horizontal plaque of Fudan Public School. The wooden fence outside the gate seems to have been removed because of decay, but the flag posts and walls on both sides of the flag still look old. Yang Rui brought very few guards this time, and he was dressed in Chinese style. When I got to the gate, I posted a post saying that I wanted to see Mr. Yan Fu.

Seeing that these people were extraordinary, they politely sat down, and after a while, a man dressed as a rich gentleman in his fifties came out, with round glasses, a beard, and a strict and elegant demeanor. Yang Rui guessed that this person was Yan Fu, and immediately got up and saluted: "How many gentlemen dare to ask?" ”

Yan Fu is also a gift, seeing that he looks Chinese, Yang Rui is a little curious, translating the original wealth, the theory of heavenly evolution, the theory of the right of the group, and Yan Fu, who advocates Western learning, is not dressed in Western clothes. Yan Fu is not a person who is angry. He looked at Yang Rui and said, "But Mr. Yang Rui of economics? ”

Yang Rui's business card is written on the word Yang Rui, and there are two famous Yang Rui in the late Qing Dynasty: one is one of the six gentlemen of Wuxu, and the other is Yang Rui, who has published several Western business monographs, but this Yang Rui went to Europe two years ago and has never returned.

Yang Rui smiled: "It's exactly below." ”

Yang Rui laughed, but Yan Fu's expression sank, and he approached and asked again: "But Yang Jingcheng of the Revival Society?" ”

Chen Guangshou and others next to him were shocked. But Yang Rui still smiled, "It's exactly below." ”

Yan Fu was not surprised when he heard this, but said: "There are many people here, Mr. Yang, please come in and talk about it." ”

Yang Rui guessed that he would meet him, after all, he had met Sun Wen in London last year, and said immediately: "Okay, Mr. Fulao will lead the way." ”

The admiral's line is regulated, and the gatehouse is a courtyard as big as a basketball court as soon as it enters, with school buildings at both ends and the main hall opposite. Passing through the main hall, but it is an equally large courtyard, but it is divided into three sections, thinking that this is the dormitory of teachers and students, turn left and pass through the Yuanyue Gate. It is a small courtyard, and Yan Fu lives here.

Chen Guangshou was waiting outside, Yang Rui was sitting in the living room with Yan Fu, and while waiting for tea, Yan Fu looked at Yang Rui and asked, "It's Gui Geng this year?" ”

Unexpectedly, Yan Fu asked this, Yang Rui smiled: "I am still young, and I am not yet in the age of standing." ”

Hearing that Yang Rui had not yet stood up, Yan Fu couldn't help but sigh lightly: "I am so young and I still have a deep study of Western studies, but I can't imagine that I believe in the way of revolution." ”

Yan Fu studied in the West, attaches great importance to Western culture, and he thinks that those who are capable of China should be proficient in Western scholars. I wanted to figure out the introduction of the Guò Commercial Press and talk to Yang Rui, but when it came to the entrustment, it was said that this person had already gone to Europe, and after the bloody case in Shanghai this year, there were rumors that this Yang Rui was Mr. Cheng of the Fuxing Association. Yan Fu didn't believe it, but when asked just now, Yang Rui admitted it calmly, and couldn't help but feel sorry in his heart. In his opinion, Yang Rui and Sun Wen are completely different, Sun Wen only knows Western studies but not Western studies, and has no independent thoughts of his own, while Yang Rui is already able to write books and speak, so it is a pity that such talents pursue the way of revolution.

Yang Rui didn't understand what Yan Fu was thinking, and because he didn't come to pull him into revolution, he only said, "The country is like this, if it doesn't rise, there will be a disaster to destroy the country, and in order to save the country and save the people, you can only take the way of revolution." ”

"It's actually going to be like that Sun Wen to take the way of republicanism?" They all shouted revolution, and Yan Fu couldn't help but think of Sun Wen's republic.

"Although the republic is the trend, the current China will never be republic."

"Oh. That is not a republic, it should be constitutional, but who will be the emperor? Yan Fu asked again, he felt that if Yang Rui wanted to be the emperor, it must be the funniest thing.

"After the revolution, there is no longer an emperor in China!" Yang Rui said.

"Neither a republic nor an emperor, then what is this country?" Yan Fu was a little curious, the countries around the world are either ** countries, constitutional countries, or republican countries, and the first two have emperors. Now Yang Rui said that there is no longer an emperor, and the constitution is not successful, and he says that it is not a republic, then this country is really peculiar.

Yang Rui smiled when he heard this, and felt that there were some things that he couldn't say, so he had to say, "The reason why I say that it is not a republic is because the country will not be as republican as the United States and France." In particular, the Chinese people's wisdom has not yet been opened, and it is extremely difficult to implement the electoral system. But this national system is still modeled after a republic, and it can be regarded as a primary republic. ”

Yang Rui's explanation Yan Fu nodded in agreement, but he did not agree, "Now the imperial court has sent five ministers to the United States to inspect the constitution, if China is constitutional, it should be better than revolution." Once the revolution is made, not only will the lives be ruined, but it will also allow foreigners to use an excuse to seek personal gains. When the time comes, the country will fall apart, and it will never be a blessing for the people. ”

"Rashly raising troops, the result will indeed be like this, but the Manchu Qing Dynasty has run out of energy, and the constitution is just a trick for them to survive. Mr. Jidao really thinks that the imperial court wants to establish a constitution to save the country? Or do you think the princes and magnates will give power to Congress? What Yan Fu said was expected. Yang Rui couldn't refute with all his might. I had to ask him like this.

"Constitutionalism is the consensus of the world, and the imperial court cannot go against the world. Not to mention the previous Russo-Japanese war, it is a clear proof that constitution is better than **, now Russia is determined to convene a congress, if China is backward, there should be a lesson from the past. "It's different from the average gentry. Yan Fu was convinced that China must be constitutional, and it is still a constitution.

The dispute over constitutionalism, it is useless to talk too much, Yang Rui skipped here and said, "The matter of constitutionalism has not been decided." It remains to be seen when the five ministers return to see how the Manchus will make decisions. But this is all next year, and this time I came here to ask Mr. Jidao for advice. That is, regardless of the revolution or the constitution, the previous set of three programs and five permanent rules will be swept away, so how should China's civilization be established? ”

Yang Rui's question was actually what Yan Fuzhi thought, and he said in a deep voice: "China's shortcomings." It is indeed in the Tsunade. If we want to innovate, we should abandon the old things, take freedom as the body, use democracy as the use, encourage the people's strength, open up the people's wisdom, and cultivate the people's morality. In fact, whether a country is constitutional or republican, education should be the foundation. ”

People's power, people's wisdom, and people's morality do not seem to be worse than Sun Wen's nationality, civil rights, and people's livelihood. There is also a novel saying that "freedom is the body, democracy is the use". In fact, Yang Rui has not studied Yan Fu's earlier works, which are actually his views expressed in the direct newspaper ten years ago. Yang Rui thought for a moment, and then asked, "May I ask sir, how to cultivate this folk virtue." Or what kind of virtue should be cultivated? ”

Seeing that Yang Rui didn't pay attention to the rest, only heard the people's morality, Yan Fu praised it in his heart, and said: "The thinness of China's people's morality should be a few selfishness, hypocrisy, and shamelessness, and the reason why this is so is not because of the collapse of etiquette, but precisely because of the three outlines and five constants." Those who keep saying that 'the program is always famous, benevolent, righteous and moral' will only be promoted to protect officials, and they will be corrupt and take bribes. To get rid of meanness. In addition to cultivating the people's virtues, they also need to cure the poor, the etiquette of the warehouse, the food and clothing are enough to know the honor and disgrace, the people are not rich, and the people's virtues are impossible to say, this is how to cultivate virtue. What is the virtue of cultivation? It lies in the idea of freedom and the personality of independence. Only in this way can we understand their rights and obligations, and know their obligations, so that we will not be guilty of selfishness and falsification, and can we build a new people's morality. ”

"Mr. Jidao, such an independent individual, under the utilitarianism, more people will be selfish. Just like in Europe and the United States, under freedom and democracy, the character is also extremely inferior, and there are not a few people who only seek profit. Yang Rui only felt that what Yan Fu said, or could not jump out of the circle of total Westernization, even if the West has the inspiration of Jesus Christ, its moral level may not be high, Yang Rui has never believed that freedom and prosperity will have morality? Doesn't this mean that all rich people are good people?

Yang Rui's question made Yan Fu stunned, he only thought about how to jump out of the circle of the Confucian Three Principles and Five Constants, and only saw the wealth of the people after the industrialization of the West, but did not see the distortion of human nature under the commercialization of later generations like Yang Rui. He said: "The pursuit of profit by Westerners is harmful to others and self-interested, and there are also self-interest and not harm others, and there are more self-interest and self-benefit. Confucianism's pursuit of righteousness and relics is actually because it puts self-interest and harm others together. Looking at the Western countries, although there are those who harm others, more of them should be enlightened and self-employed, and these people should not belong to those who harm others and benefit themselves, and they are not harmful to the people's morality. ”

"That's exactly what the gentleman said. But what I am afraid of is that everyone speaks for profit, everywhere and everywhere, he speaks for profit outside the home, and he also speaks for profit at home, and his life is only for profit. ** Under the emperor's slaves, under freedom, the people are the slaves of money, if you look into it carefully, the three outlines and five constants of Confucianism are a kind of control, a free economic system, is another kind of control, what is the essential difference between the two for the people? Think of the war between the North and the South in the United States, the North said that it would emancipate the black slaves, but in fact these black slaves were all turned into factory coolies, although they had nominal freedom, but no substantive freedom. Even, slaves are bought by the farmer with money, and he will cherish food, clothing, shelter and transportation, and the coolies in the factory are all freely recruited, and even if they die, there is no loss for the factory owner, as long as he has other coolies......"

This time, Yan Fu's words completely made Yan Fu ponder, and he didn't have a better answer. However, Yang Rui was not too disappointed, according to his concept when he was studying, Yan Fu was a bourgeois ideological enlightener, and he could only reach such a realm. The theory of evolution based on natural selection that he preached was also completely rejected in the history of philosophy in later generations.

On the train back in the afternoon, Chen Guangshou looked at Yang Rui and only looked at the scenery outside the window, and couldn't help but say, "Sir." What kind of country are we going to build in the future? He heard Yang Rui and Yan Fu's conversation outside the house, and only felt that what Yang Rui said was terrible, ** is slavery, freedom is also slavery.

Seeing him ask, Yang Rui seemed to sense his worry and said with a smile. "A country that is not completely enslaved by the **, nor is it completely enslaved by the money hand."

"Not quite?"

"yes, not quite. No matter how you justify it, centralization will bring **, and at the same time, whoever wants to hinder it. Industrialization and commercialization are inevitable. So only some people will not be **, and some people will not be enslaved by money. That's all we can do. But either way, it's going to be a step forward for now. Believe in ourselves, tomorrow will only be better than today, not worse than today. ”

Hear that tomorrow will be better. Chen Guangshou suddenly laughed, his family was poor, and he only thought that the revolution could get all the poor people in the world out of poverty and live a life of excess wealth and happiness. He has read all of Yang Rui's articles and sayings many times, although he is not as good as Liu Boyuan in the notebook, but he can memorize most of them. He is convinced that as long as Yang Rui says that it will be better tomorrow. Then tomorrow will really be better.

After the meeting, there were a lot of affairs in Shanghai, and Yang Rui couldn't leave early if he wanted to, so he had to stay for more than a month to deal with the affairs of various systems in the meeting, so he bought a ferry ticket three days later and prepared to leave for Japan. In this short period of time, except for Gu Hongming, who is full of benevolence and morality, everyone else has seen it. The Shanghai constitutionalists heard that if the constitution was enacted, the revival society would abandon the idea of violent revolution. Immediately overjoyed and high-fived. Yang Rui was also happy to see them like this, regardless of whether these people could move over or not, but at least Fuxing would act in the country, and these people would not be hostile. Hang the head of a constitutional sheep and sell the dog meat of the revolution. The united front of this revival will also.

In order to better hang the head of the constitutional sheep, the Revival Association and the Shanghai constitutionalists jointly established a peripheral organization: the Constitutional Friends Association. Shanghai's constitutional leaders, such as Zhang Jian, Zheng Xiaoxu, Tang Shouqian, Ma Xiangbo, Lei Fen, Xia Qingyi, etc., have joined the association, while the Fuxing Association has Cai Yuanpei, Yu Huizu and other members.

As soon as the meeting was prepared, Yu Qiaqing came to him, he was worthy of being a human spirit, and as soon as he met, he said, "Actually, are you really constitutional or fake constitutional?" ”

"Hehe, then do you say that the imperial court is a real constitution or a fake constitution?" The last time Yang Rui saw him, he only talked about business matters, not about constitutionalism, he should have heard others say that revival would be pinned on constitutionalism, but with the temper of Yang Rui who knew that he was running out of business and licking off the plate, he would sincerely cooperate with the gentry, and the sun came out of the west.

"You ......" Yu Qiaqing suddenly pointed at Yang Rui and was speechless when he heard this, "You are holding a yellow flag against a yellow flag!" He didn't know how to come up with such a classic description, which was much more than the image of selling revolutionary dog meat on the head of a constitutional sheep.

Yang Rui was very happy in his heart, and said with a smile: "Brother Ade, you won't come to see me because of this, right?" ”

"Hey!" Yu Qiaqing also had nothing to say to Yang Rui, and the revival would be painted with a hint of constitutionalism, and no matter the government or the opposition, there would not be too much hostility towards her, and they would even think that she was just a radical constitutional group. "Do you want to use the constitution to seize the power of the Manchurians?"

"Not really." Yang Rui said with a smile. "I just want to help the gentry wrest power from the Manchurians."

"And then you take it again?" Yu Qiaqing didn't believe that Yang Rui was so kind at all.

"Why did Brother Ade only think of seizing power, the Revival Society is now committed to education, and there is no time to seize any power, the constitution is conducive to education, so the Revival Society is naturally supportive."

"I don't believe it!" Yu Qiaqing said, just by virtue of Yang Rui's control of raw materials to the source and sales control to the terminal, and also to unite with the big trust idea of a qiē company in related industries, I don't believe that Yang Rui will give half of the power to others? What this person wants is the control zhì, the control zhì from the beginning to the end. However, although he knew that Yang Rui would not decentralize power, he couldn't figure out what the Revival Society wanted to be constitutional, judging from Cai Yuanpei's recent words, the Revival Society pretended to be more constitutional than the constitutionalists.

"Hey. Brother Ade, let me tell you the truth, whether it is a constitution or a revolution. We all want the right to be taken away from the Manchurians, and after we take it over, the most important thing is not only to run education, but also to run industry. This is all good for you, Brother Ade, and nothing harmful. Yang Rui pretended to be harmless and spoke bitterly.

"But I don't know if you are advocating for the constitution really for the sake of the constitution, or if you want to destroy the constitution? China is extremely poor and weak, and if it can not fight, it should not fight. Although the constitution is only a slow reform, it is a good way to save the country. Yu Qiaqing saw Yang Rui tell him frankly, and couldn't help but confide in him.

Looking at Yu Qiaqing for a while, Yang Ruicai said: "Don't worry, Brother Ade, as long as the Manchu Qing is truly constitutional, then we will definitely not go to war first." ”

Yu Qiaqing was still not at ease when he heard this, so he did it in the living room for a while before he got up to say goodbye. As soon as Yu Qiaqing left, Wang Jitong came out, just now he was talking to Yang Rui, and when he saw Yu Qiaqing coming, he had to avoid it first.

"It seems that some people still can't be fooled." He said so as soon as he came out.

"If only I could fool most of them. In Chinese society, everyone doesn't care what is going on underneath, as long as you don't tear your face on the surface, you used to think about hypocrisy, and the first thing you can do is better cover for the revolution. ”

"It's easy to talk about the outside, but I'm worried about us inside." Wang Jitong is still worried about the instability of the army.

"No, just do a good job of the ideological work of the members and tell them that constitutionalism is just a strategy, just to do better in the country. As for the soldiers at the bottom, they don't know what constitutionalism is, as long as they have food and pay, they won't think about it. "The political commissar system in the military has been popularized, and the ideology can be controlled, as long as there is no chaos at the top, it is absolutely impossible for any chaos to occur below.

"But can we really take power through guò autonomy?" The revival will provoke the upper gentry and the Manchus to fight for power, and plot to seize power in the name of local autonomy. Wang Jitong didn't know much about the power struggle, and only thought that it sounded feasible, but he was afraid that it would not be feasible to operate.

"Of course you can take power. We don't want to control the provincial-level parliament, in fact, we can't control it, but the county-level council, we can still control it, whether it is threats or bribes, as long as the county officials are leveled and then the banner of the imperial court is pulled, then we have the final say in the affairs of the county? Yang Rui smiled treacherously, only thinking that this move to seize power in counties and towns was too amazing, and it would be effortless to let the revival society settle at the grassroots level. After a few years, the Manchu Qing Dynasty would appear, and many counties and towns would be "occupied" by the Revival Society in the name of self-government.

"Besides, the plate of the constitutionalists lies in the gentry, but we don't have to rely on these people, our target is 40,000,000 illiterate people, we don't want to seize the power of Beijing, nor do we want to seize the power of the province and the province, we only need the power below the county level, and the 40,000,000 people are the basis of our revolution. Think about it, thousands of towns and villages in China have our organizations, and then the world is by no means full of people, nor will it be gentry. ”

"If the name is not right, it is not right. What I'm worried about is that in the event of a complete decentralization of Manchu halal, then in what name will we raise troops? "Wang Jitong cares about things in the name of righteousness.

Xiao Xu was too worried. If the rights really fall into the hands of the gentry, it is also contrary to the interests of the people. These must be needed, but it takes money to do this, where does this money come from? The magnates can't go out but can only enter, the gentry themselves have but don't want to pay, then the final result is to fall on the people, when the time comes, once the constitution is established, the whole country must increase taxes and taxes, the people are already miserable, once the taxes and contributions are raised, there will be riots to protest. We are based on the people, then the voice of the people is our voice, when the people move, we will lead this storm, let it sweep away, to retain the reservation, when the dust settles, that is a new China. ”

When Yang Rui said this, he couldn't help but think of the article on the investigation report of the Hunan peasant movement of the later Taizu, the time was too long, and he remembered very little content, only remembered this paragraph: ...... In a very short time, tens of thousands of peasants will rise up from the central, southern, and northern provinces of China, and the momentum will be like a storm, and the speed will be so rapid that no matter how great the force will be, it will not be able to suppress it. They will break through the net that binds them and run swiftly on the road to liberation. Imperialism, warlords, corrupt officials, local tyrants and gentry will all be buried in their graves.