Chapter 182 Administrative System
The organization of the armed forces was basically completed, and the plateau began to formulate administrative and management systems.
However, it is relatively easy to reorganize the army, and the administrative management system is troublesome, because generals like Sima Shang, Yuan Xuan, and Chen Shi are not good at administrative management, and although Gao Yuan has some theoretical knowledge of history, he lacks practical experience; Second, most of the theoretical theories of the plateau are large unified countries like the Song, Ming and Qing dynasties, and the plateau really has not much clue about how to manage the forces of a divided country. Therefore, I had to find Ning Qi and others and ask them to come up with a plan. Bi Jing now has only these few people under Gao Yuan who are responsible for administrative management.
Two days later, Ning Qi and Shen Shen came to see the plateau together, and after the ceremony, Ning Qi said: "My lord, Mr. Shen has formulated a set of systems for governing the county, we have all seen it, and we think that most of them are feasible, so please take a look at it." ”
Shen Shen took out a bamboo slip from his cuff, handed it to Gao Yuan, and said, "Please take a look at it." ”
Gao Yuan nodded, reached out and took the bamboo slip, and said with a smile: "It's so fast!" ”
Shen Shen said: "In the study of the Legalist classics since childhood, familiar with the [Guan Xiao] [Fa Jing] [Shang Jun Shu] [Han Feizi] and other books, quite a gain, in Zhao Guo when he traveled, he had written to King Zhao three times, asking King Zhao to change the law and innovate, enrich the country and strengthen the army, but unfortunately they were all like a stone sinking into the sea, there was no response, but it was from this to think of a set of governing strategies, I didn't think that it could be used in Dai County, but a county and a country, there was a gap, so it took two days to re-review, and it was only submitted to Lord Ning today, thanks to Lord Ning, Recommended for the lord. ”
The plateau unfolded bamboo slips, but there were eight articles written on them: first, to formulate official positions and titles, so that people can perform their own responsibilities and not make government decrees chaotic; Second, the household registration is determined, so that the officials know the people's feelings, and they are based on taxes in peacetime, and can be immediately transferred into the army in wartime; Third, the formulation of the legal system, one is based on the law; Fourth, reward military merits, so that soldiers have a way to be promoted, and the people are willing to join the army; Fifth, check the land property, formulate taxes, so that the land has no private collection, and the country makes the best use of its benefits; Sixth, reward farming, encourage land reclamation, so that the land production is increased, and the country benefits from it; Seven repairs of water conservancy, opening ditches, to thicken agriculture and mulberry; 8. Formulate commercial taxes and open trade routes to pass through what is available.
After reading these eight constructions, Gao Yuan also nodded again and again, thinking that these constructions are indeed very good, and they are all things that the current Daijun administration needs to determine immediately. Of course, Gao Yuan can also see that the eight articles formulated by Shen Shen have many similarities with the content of the Shang Dynasty Reform Law, but there are also obvious differences, the reason is that when the Shang Dynasty changed the law, the Qin State was already a mature and stable state power, and there was already a set of political systems that had been implemented for hundreds of years; And now the plateau has just gained a foothold in Daijun, and everything is waiting to be rebuilt, so Shen Shen did not copy the content of the Shang Martingale Reform Law, but proposed the construction of the current Daijun in view of the current details of Daijun. This also shows that Shen Shen not only has a very deep study of the content of the Shang Dynasty reform, but also can connect it with reality, and is not blindly rigid.
Of course, the eight rules listed by Shen Shen are just an outline thing, and the detailed rules of each article have not been written, although Shen Shen has also taken into account the detailed rules of each article, but these detailed rules need to be discussed and determined by everyone, and Shen Shen also hid a little caution, and he was afraid that Ning Qi would take advantage of his strategy, so he deliberately did not write it, and waited for Gao Yuan to read it, if it was adopted, and then stated it to Gao Yuan in person.
However, the big outline has been established, and the rest of the things will be easy to do, Gao Yuan also immediately ordered, called Li Yinghong, and recruited Geng Zhong, Yan Zhong, Han Sheng, Guo Chen, and Yao Shaosi, and everyone discussed the details together.
After three days and three nights of deliberation and discussion, a detailed plan was finally made for each of the buildings. Of course, it is impossible to implement these eight principles together, there will always be a first and a last, some must be decided immediately, and some will take time to take their time.
First of all, it is necessary to determine the official positions, and only when the official positions are determined can the management structure be established at a faster pace, so that everyone can perform their own responsibilities. In fact, at this time, the bureaucratic system of various countries had already developed relatively maturely, and there was the separation of official posts and ranks, and the detailed division of duties, all countries were similar, and they were roughly divided into five systems, namely, government affairs, military affairs, justice, economy, and localities.
The official positions of government affairs include Prime Minister, Jinyin, Changshi, Internal History, Taishi, etc.; The official positions of the military include Tai Lieutenant, National Lieutenant, Sima, General, General, etc.; The official positions of supervision include court captain, imperial history, chief supervisor, and secretary; The economic category includes Daejeon Order, Taicang Order, State Commander, etc.; The local category is the county guard, the prefectural order, etc.
As far as the current plateau is concerned, the military system is basically completed, and the local ones are not needed for the time being, and there is no need to set up a separate system for the judiciary now, so it is only necessary to establish the two systems of government affairs and the economy, and it can be put into operation first. However, at present, the plateau has neither the title of king nor the title, so the highest chief executive is set as Changshi, which is served by Ning Qi, and there are two positions, Neishi and Situ, which are respectively served by Geng Zhong and Shen Shen to assist Ning Qi, and Shen Shen is in charge of the judiciary at the same time.
As for the economic system, Yan Zhong served as the Datian Commander and was responsible for managing farming, Han Sheng was appointed as the Taicang Commander and was responsible for managing the treasury and grain, Guo Chen was appointed as the State Commander and was responsible for managing the finances, and Yao Shaosi was responsible for managing the water conservancy. Of course, the subordinates required by each person are determined by each person, and in this way, the basic administrative structure is set up and can be put into operation.
As for the title, there is no hurry, for the time being, it is still the practice of various countries, divided into three levels: scholar, doctor, and secretary, but now there is no secretary position, and the highest title is the doctor, after all, it will be a long time in the future.
The second is the legal system, because only after the legal system is established can there be laws to follow. Of course, it is impossible to formulate a perfect set of laws immediately, but fortunately, each country now has its own laws, so it is enough to completely copy the laws of Zhao.
However, after deliberation, only two items were added, one is to absolutely prohibit private fighting, and those who have private fighting will be charged for three years; Second, all unemployed vagrants who do not do their jobs properly and are idle will also be reclaimed by the government in a unified manner, and those who do not comply will also be served for three years.
Third, it is necessary to formulate all kinds of taxes and labor, so as to ensure that the state has fiscal revenue, and the common people and businessmen also have laws to follow when paying taxes, and will not be arbitrarily taxed.
The taxes of the county are divided into three types: agricultural tax, household tax and commercial tax, and the agricultural tax is charged at the ratio of 20 taxes and 1; Household tax is charged on a per household basis; The commercial tax is currently charged at the rate of 15 tax and the cancellation of all related cards. Each household will have 10 days of labour per month, but it can be replaced by a tax or by hiring someone else to do it. However, during the period of military service, household tax can be exempted, labor service, and agricultural tax can be halved. In addition, those who have made great contributions to the country can also be appropriately reduced.
Fourth, it is a system of rewarding military merits, in addition to tax reductions and exemptions, you can also get the opportunity to be promoted, of course, the detailed calculation method of military merits is based on the comprehensive calculation of beheadings and combat merits. Generally speaking, soldiers and middle- and lower-ranking officers mainly count the number of beheadings, while middle- and upper-rank troops are calculated by looking at the results of battle and the size of their exploits.
Fifth, reward farming, those who work hard in farming and weaving, and collect more corn and silk, can be exempted from one year's labor and household tax, and can be promoted to the title.
After these five systems are determined, the framework of that country will be basically established. The other three cannot be determined immediately, but are built gradually.
Sixth, it is necessary to establish a household registration system, so that the people of the county and the soldiers who have been selected and eliminated will all be in the same way as the army, and they will be organized according to 50 in peacetime, and they will be trained in the slack time, and they will be conscripted into the army in wartime, and they will be able to quickly become an army according to the establishment of each village. Those who evade military service are punished with ten years of heavy military service.
In addition, there are two additional regulations in the household registration system, a male child must reach the age of 20 and a female child must be married, otherwise the tax service will be doubled; 2. Each parent can only keep one child, and if there are two children, after the younger son reaches the age of 20, he must be a single child. The purpose of these two additional decrees was to encourage fertility, increase the population, and expand the social productive forces, and at the same time to divide the household registration more, not only to increase the income of the state, but also to disintegrate the local clan power.
Seventh, it is necessary to establish a land system.
The land system is divided into three parts, the first is to check the land, and each household first declares the land it owns, files it with the government, and issues a title deed. However, if there is a private possession of land and it is concealed and not reported, once it is discovered, it will be immediately confiscated to public property, and the fine for three years will be doubled. And if the land of the official's food is not explicitly specified, it is also subject to tax service.
Secondly, land is allowed to be bought and sold freely, leased and mortgaged, but to buy and sell land, you must go to the government to go through the formalities of handing over the title deed, taxation and other procedures, and if you fail to go through the formalities, it will be regarded as an illegal sale, and both parties will be punished. For renting or mortgaging land, it is not necessary to notify the government, but the original owner of the land shall bear the land tax service. If the tenant or detainees bear the tax service for renting or mortgaging land, they need to go through the relevant formalities with the government and file for the record. After the expiration of the lease and mortgage, and then to the government to eliminate the third, encourage the people to reclaim the wasteland, the reclaimed wasteland, can be owned by the people themselves, can buy their own food, rent, mortgage, but where the reclamation of wasteland, you must first apply to the government, handle the record of the title deed, the reclaimed wasteland, five years before the sale, five years of the wasteland, the first three years of tax exemption, the last two and a half years of tax. If the land is reclaimed without applying to the government for the record of the land deed, once discovered, the land will be taken into official possession and punished with hard labor for five years.
Eighth, build water conservancy and dig ditches. This is a huge cost, and at present the plateau does not have the capacity to carry out a large-scale water conservancy project, so we can only set a major principle first, and then talk about it slowly. The private sector can organize and dig canals on their own, but they need to file with the government.