Chapter 397: Adjustment of the establishment
His Yang Zhen's ability is indeed high, and he is convinced of this. If he didn't have the ability, he wouldn't have created such a big piece of land in the northeast, where the Japanese army was heavily hoarded. But Yang Zhen is not an immortal, so he can't build a few more large-scale factories without a penny. Even if the Americans promise to give equipment, it can't all be given for nothing.
And he can pat his chest to ensure that these devices will definitely not increase the financial burden of the Northeast. In the construction of these factories, the Northeast only needs to bear the cost of infrastructure. As for the required industrial equipment, it is guaranteed that the Northeast Treasury will not bear a penny of expenses. Does he really have the ability to conjure up a lot of industrial equipment empty-handed?
At the beginning, Yang Zhen swore that he patted his chest, so that the chairman of the Northeast People's Government really couldn't believe where he could get so much factory equipment. After all, Yang Zhen is a human, he is not an immortal. Besides, even if it is a god, it is impossible to conjure so many machines and equipment at once. But under Yang Zhen's assurance, he could only accept it with half a doubt.
Facts have proved that what Yang Zhen promised has really been done. Not only did they get a large amount of industrial equipment from the Americans, but they basically partially completed the installation and commissioning of the equipment before the Americans imposed a blockade on the northeast. It also swept through the Japanese industrial system, snatching back half of the industrial equipment of the Japanese and turning around.
The second phase of Jiamusi's second special steel plant uses a 15,000-ton hydraulic press and three 70-ton acid open-hearth furnaces. It was the Japanese who imported the Yamato ship from Germany at a high cost. The $10 million import of these pieces of equipment in 40 years can be described as an astronomical amount.
The several 3,000-ton die forging hydraulic presses used by the Second Heavy Machinery Factory were also brought from various Japanese factories. Coupled with the industrial equipment that the harvesters planned to snatch back, as well as the industrial equipment obtained from the Americans, the construction and expansion of these factories really did not cost the Northeast treasury a penny except for the capital construction costs.
Not only did he not spend a penny, but he also used the equipment dismantled from Japan to restore production in a short period of time the companies that had been greatly damaged by him in the South Manchurian Industrial Zone. Anshan Iron and Steel and Benxi Iron and Steel have even more than doubled their production capacity. In particular, Fushun Aluminum Plant, relying on Japanese equipment and Japanese technicians, directly became the largest aluminum plant in Asia at that time.
It's just that Yang Zhen did this thing, but he did it very earth-shattering, and the central government was very passive. But he was cheeky and unscrupulous, although he was scolded badly. It has also really saved a lot of valuable money and time for the industrial construction of New China.
In the large-scale industrialization of New China, the factories that have been built in Northeast China in recent years have undertaken almost 70 percent of the manufacturing of equipment for large-scale industrial construction in the country. Saves a lot of valuable foreign exchange and, most importantly, time. With the exception of two aviation factories and one shipyard imported from the USSR, all the equipment needed in the initial stage of construction was basically dependent on the country.
However, regardless of whether Yang Zhen's guarantee can be fulfilled or not, at least in the expansion of the Qiqihart Steel Plant and the construction of the Heavy Machinery Factory, it is thanks to the plan of American experts. In the eyes of all the doubts, all the power, pipelines, transportation and other facilities, and even the infrastructure such as factories have reserved considerable leeway.
It is precisely the infrastructure that has left room for expansion in advance, so that the equipment that Li Mingrui robbed from South Manchuria can be installed in the factory, and basically there is no need to engage in any infrastructure. At most, it is the interface of the pipeline, because the caliber is different, make some adjustments appropriately.
According to the plan of Soviet experts, even if these equipment are transported to North Manchuria, due to infrastructure problems, it will have to wait at least two years for it to be put into production. Those devices are exposed to the wind and rain. The resettlement of workers who have moved over will be even more troublesome.
The longest infrastructure construction time is saved, so the speed of production is naturally quite fast. Under the consistent efficiency of Northeast China, the speed of these equipment from entering the factory to installation and then to production is quite fast. The installation was basically completed in the month when the equipment entered the factory. After a month and a half, all the lines and power systems were connected.
Combined with the workers who were rushed out of the harvester's plan, Fularji, a special steel mill specializing in the manufacture of steel for guns and guns, which had limited output, doubled its output in two months. After the arrival of the equipment at the Tonghua Steel Mill, it even doubled several times in just one year.
In addition to metals such as nickel-chromium, which also rely on external supplies, the First Iron and Steel Plant, which has been put into operation one after another, produces all the remaining raw materials for gun steel. All of them have been able to produce themselves and have basically met their needs. Of course, the smelting of cannon steel still needs a certain amount of time to run-in. However, the use of steel for small arms and ammunition has basically been completely solved.
In particular, the demand for aerial bombs not only met the needs of the anti-United Nations bombing against Japan. It even met 80 percent of the needs of the bombing of Japan after the US military became involved. The steel demand in the major strategic areas of Kannai has also reached almost 100% satisfaction. All the rails of the Jitong Railway under construction can also be based on China, and they will not rely on the unreliable US aid.
At the same time, the military industry also achieved rapid development in a short period of time after the arrival of this group of workers and more than 3,000 machines and equipment. On the basis of the batch of guns and steel that Li Mingrui looted from Mukden, the gap in light weapons and equipment after the expansion of the Anti-Japanese Federation was met in a short period of time.
The imitation and production of heavy weapons have also been greatly accelerated. After the arrival of these workers, 200 Soviet-made ZLS cannons and more than 70 122 howitzers were manufactured by the end of the year, ensuring the needs of the expansion of the troops. and for the expansion of the artillery of the troops in the Guannai, sufficient preparations have been made.
After this battle, the Anti-Japanese Union completely stopped all production and manufacture of Japanese-made light weapons and ammunition. All the production of weapons and ammunition was shifted to the production of 7.92 mm ammunition, which was urgently needed by the troops in Kannai, as well as the 7.62 mm ammunition used by the Anti-Japanese Federation itself. At the same time, the production of 60 guns, recoilless guns, and rocket launchers was strengthened.
Under the painstaking management of the Northeast Bureau and the Northeast People's Government, by the end of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the entire Northeast Base Area had formed special steel and heavy machinery manufacturing in Qiqihar and Jiamusi, military industry and automobile industry in Jiamusi, and aircraft manufacturing, machinery and equipment manufacturing, and textile industry in Harbin.
The steel industry base in Tangyuan has been renamed the Saltu Petroleum Exploitation and Refining Base in Daqing. Mudanjiang power manufacturing, non-ferrous metal smelting base, Zhuhe to Yanshou chemical industry and a series of large-scale industrial bases. As well as the expansion and mining of two super-large coal mines in Jixi and Qitaihe, and the expansion and mining of Duobaoshan Copper Mine.
Although a considerable part of these industrial systems are dominated by the military industry. And because of the limited area of the base area, the products are mainly to meet the needs of the war. And because the technical strength is still quite insufficient, the scale of all factories can only be considered medium.
However, by the end of April 44, the scale of some industrial products was not as good as that of South Manchuria, and there was a lack of some light industry. The industrial manufacturing capacity of the entire Northeast Base Area is no longer comparable to that of a small number of light industries in the entire North Manchuria, as well as some industries such as mining and logging.
Although many industrial products can only solve the problem of existence. Both in terms of quality and output, it cannot be compared with foreign countries for the time being, but the entire Beiman heavy industry base has been basically formed. The output of manufactured industrial products far exceeds several times that of the entire Guannai Kuomintang.
The vigorous and rapid development of the military industry has increased the number of hole cards in Yang Zhen's hand. At the very least, the expanded troops do not have to worry about the shortage of light weapons. But compared with weapons and equipment, Yang Zhen's biggest headache is not the problem of weapons, but the problem of replenishing soldiers.
The more rapid the industrial development, the more serious the shortage of manpower. In the case of the need to retain enough people in the rural areas to engage in agriculture and the large expansion of the army, it is even more felt that the number of people is insufficient. After the war, the number of troops increased by several hundred thousand.
In addition to the field troops, the railway, engineering, and other units have also reached the point where they cannot be expanded without expansion. Under the circumstance that it was necessary to rush to repair the railway lines around Xinjing and to seize the time to build the Jitong Railway, the railway column expanded the strength of two divisions and seven regiments at one time. In addition, it is necessary to send personnel to the Soviet Union to study the navy in combat training, and the number of soldiers required is even greater.
Moreover, through this battle, Yang Zhen also discovered that the division-level troops of his own army were a little too large and cumbersome. The excessive number of heavy weapons also limits the troops' ability to maneuver in difficult terrain. China is not a Western European country that is already backward in road construction, and the quality of roads that are almost entirely dirt roads is also very different.
The excessive number of heavy divisions has seriously limited the combat capability of the troops in complex areas. Therefore, after several studies with Guo Bingxun and the responsible persons of various branches of the armed forces, Yang Zhen made up his mind to adjust the establishment of the troops, especially the firepower establishment at the division level. At the same time, large-scale adjustments have also been made to the establishment of armor, aviation, and other branches of the armed forces.
In addition to the formal establishment of a composite command headquarters at the column level, the current readjustment of the establishment is mainly aimed at the establishment and armament of the division, and along with the development and changes in the situation, a relatively large operation has been carried out. The number of heavy divisions has been reduced, and most of the division-level establishments have been adjusted to light divisions.
Among the units under the whole army, only 18 divisions of the original formation were retained for use as heavy divisions. However, the mountain artillery battalion was changed to a German-made 105 howitzer battalion. The divisional artillery is equipped with two 122 howitzer battalions, one 76-mm cannon battalion, and one 107 rocket artillery battalion, that is, the divisional artillery regiment has been changed to a four-battalion system.
The rest of the troops reduced the wild mountain artillery from three battalions to two battalions. It was changed to a battalion of 75-mm mountain artillery, a battalion of 76-mm cannons, and a battalion of 107-mm rocket artillery, and two 120-mm heavy mortar batteries were added. At the same time, the establishment of mules and horses was increased, and the whole division was changed to a mule and horse establishment, except for the division's automobile company.
The firepower configuration at the regimental level remains unchanged, with one 12-mm machine gun under the battalion for formed units below the regimental level, three more for each infantry company for the newly developed 40-mm grenade launcher, and the rest of the firepower standards remain unchanged. Moreover, the number of mules and horses has been increased in the number of formed units below the regimental level.
With regard to the adjustment of the armored forces, in accordance with the current development of the situation, apart from retaining two armored divisions, no new armored division-level structure will be formed for the time being in the future. Instead, lighter armored brigades were used as the main strength of the armored forces, and a number of independent tank regiments were added.
In addition to one armored vehicle company and one light tank company under the brigade headquarters, the armored brigade is organized into two tank battalions, plus a light infantry regiment of two battalions, and equipped with an artillery battalion, an antiaircraft artillery battalion, and an engineer battalion. It has also increased the number of technical arms in various armored units.