“…… The south of the state is connected with Huaisi, and the north goes to Qingqi, and since ancient times, there is something to do in the south, and it will be fought for China. At the end of the sentence Wu Dao, to invade Qi Valu. The Yue people not only destroyed Wu, but also came out of the evil to covet Shandong. Later, during the Qin and Chu dynasties, and the decline of the Han Dynasty, traitors often cave here. Isn't it to contact Haidai, control the Ji River, and entangle the mountains and rivers, which is enough to consolidate itself, and take advantage of the gap between them, and it can be tangible and visible? …… Ming Taizu Pingshan Shandong, also ordered Xu Da to go down to Yizhou first, and then drove north, Chengqi and Lu Zhi were silenced. ”

After dinner, under the oil lamp, Cheng Ying only read Gu Zuyu's minutes of reading history and public opinion, and after a paragraph, he only looked at Yang Rui and thought he had to explain - modern people always have a headache when they read classical Chinese, Cheng Ying has studied Western studies, but he didn't pull it down in middle school, but Yang Rui stopped her, only lay on the bed and took the map of Yizhou to look at it, and only said: "I understand this paragraph, Yizhou was called Langyu Country in ancient times, and its contact with Haidai, control and lead to the Ji River, the mountains and rivers are entangled, enough to consolidate themselves, and Chengqi and Lu Zhi are also ...... And traitors often cave here, this is a good place for secession! ”

"Is this also going to be a base?" The woman put down the book and only leaned on the man's body to speak, and her thin hair carried the fragrance after washing, which only made Yang Rui unable to look at the map with peace of mind.

"Hmm. This will be another Yanzhou. Yang Rui nodded. However, there is still a lot of work to be done before becoming Yanzhou. ”

"Seeing Guangxu open the National Assembly, I really thought that there would be no hope for the revolution from now on. I didn't expect the revolution to do this......" said the woman, not knowing whether to sigh or admire.

"Revolution and rebellion are no different, how did they rebel in ancient times. How to revolutionize now. It's just that the rebellion is to be the emperor himself, and the revolution is ......" said this, Yang Rui's words paused. I don't know how to think of Song Jiaoren, he said that the revival will be a collective autocracy is very correct, Yang Rui didn't want to say any more, and diverted the topic and said: "Blow the lamp, sleep!" ”

Li Guangyi was vetoed by Yang Rui yesterday because he was eager to take action, so he did not fully introduce the situation in Yizhou, and the next morning. The team members in Juzhou all gathered to prepare breakfast and then start a short briefing. A group of people in the house gathered together, and it was very lively. There are not only Li Guangyi and Li Erhu. There are also Ding Weifen in Rizhao, Zhou Jianhao in Yishui, Liu Pulin, Zhou Ruilin, Yang Baolin, and Gao Xiaoshan; Xu Taizhen and Xu Guantian of Juzhou; Fang Yuanzhao, Yu Aichen, Liu Dangchen, Yan Zanchen of Tancheng County; Yin Chengji and Li Hongyi of Fei County; Among these people, except for Li Guangyi and Li Erhu, the others only knew that Mr. Wen was a commissioner from Shanghai, but even so. They are also extremely enthusiastic. If a special commissioner from Shanghai has come over, it means that Yizhou is going to carry out a big uprising.

Yang Rui beckoned everyone to sit down and was about to eat breakfast, but when he saw that there was the same rice in front of him as last night, and the others were pancakes, he put down his chopsticks. Li Guangyi is the person in charge of Yizhou, and he is responsible for Yang Rui's daily life and diet. There was no rice in Yizhou, but now there is rice, which is naturally prepared by Li Guangyi knowing that Yang Rui is only from the south. I didn't pay attention to it last night, but I noticed something wrong with Yang Rui in the morning.

There is no lesson. Yang Rui only pushed the rice aside, and asked Chen Guangshou to find the pancakes, and after a while, the pancakes were found, but this thing is not made of white flour like in big cities, the texture is soft, and it can be wrapped in garlic fritters, this Yizhou pancake is made of 67 noodles, it can only be eaten with both hands, and the newspaper is generally read, and there is a lot of bran in the pancake, which is very rough and difficult to swallow; There is another kind of pancake made of sorghum flour, which is black and hard, and it is very difficult to eat, and when you bite it, it only makes people's foreheads bruise, Yang Rui is not used to eating it at first, but he also eats it after a while. It didn't matter to him what he ate, he just turned his head to look at Cheng Ying, who was dressed in men's clothes, she saw Yang Rui eating pancakes, and also pushed the rice aside, but this thing was unpalatable beyond her imagination, but she still finished eating a piece of it in her hand.

Li Guangyi saw that Yang Rui didn't eat rice and bit the pancake, and suddenly sweated on his head, but seeing that Yang Rui didn't say anything, his heart was half relieved. However, at the briefing afterwards, his voice could not be loud.

“…… The prefect of Yizhou is Li Yukai, a native of Wuwei, Gansu, a Jinshi in the year of Yiwei (1895), and later a scholar of Hanlin Academy, who participated in the book on the bus in the year of Yiwei, and joined the Gansu scholars to submit the "Treaty of Request for Fermaguan". The year before last, he was promoted to the prefect of Yizhou, and during his tenure, he opened the Chengnan Coal Mine and set up education.

…… In terms of troop deployment, the Manchu Qing Dynasty's troops in Yizhou include Yizhou Battalion, Andong Battalion, Taizhuang Battalion, and Qingzhou Battalion, all of which were changed into patrol battalions in the year of Guimao (1903), of which the Yizhou Battalion was the largest, with five battalions, which were divided into four parts of Fucheng Lanshan County, Mengyin County, Fei County and Daxing Town; The Andong battalion is mainly responsible for the coastal area, with only two battalions, which are divided into Juzhou, Rizhao, and Lanshantou, Langyutai, Dongtingzi, Longwang and other seaports; There is only one battalion in Taizhuang, which is divided into Tancheng County and Honghuabu; Finally, there was the Qingzhou battalion, with only one battalion, defending Yishui County. All the patrol battalions had nine battalions in total, but all of them were not fully staffed, and these nine battalions totaled about 2,300 people, with very little training, and military discipline was dissolved. At the same time, the guns of these patrol battalions are also very old, and there are only a dozen breech guns on the Yizhou city wall, and many of the rifles are black powder rifles and a small number of single-shot Western-style quick robberies, and there are no or few Western-style quick robberies with five consecutive rounds......

There are more than 70,500 hectares of cultivated land in the whole state, with an average of nearly three acres per person, but there is more dry land and less paddy fields in Yizhou. Only Yishui, Mushui and its tributaries near there are paddy fields, but even if there are paddy fields, Yishui, Mushui are also frequent floods, and although the dry land does not suffer from floods, but the yield is very low, one mu of sorghum is a good year, and the average yield is only one stone, two or three buckets, and the less is less than one stone. Landlords account for 20 percent of the state's cultivated land, 40 percent of the large self-cultivated households, and 30 percent of the remaining 30 percent of the small households, but their number of households accounts for 60 percent of the state's total, that is to say, on average, their average cultivated land is 1.5 acres. Even if you don't have to pay taxes, you only have more than 200 catties of grain a year, less than one catty a day. I have no way to make a living, so I can only barely make ends meet by working part-time jobs when the farm is busy, and doing some side jobs such as raising goats, growing tobacco, raising silkworms, and spinning and weaving.

Finally, there are tenant farmers, whose livelihood is more difficult, and they are divided into two types, mainly depending on whose cattle belong to them, and if the seed cattle are the tenants' own, then the rent is generally divided in half. This kind of tenant can be regarded as able to maintain a livelihood, but the tenant who has no cattle and no seeds and fertilizer can only be divided with the landlord according to 91 or 8515. Every year, when the green and yellow are not harvested, the only way to go to the mountains to dig wild vegetables to satisfy hunger......"

In addition to summarizing the situation of each county in the early stage, this briefing also means to report to Yang Rui. Seeing him say this, Yang Rui raised his hand to stop his words. Asked: "Can the new tractor replace the ploughing cattle?" ”

The tractor factory is under construction in Liaodong. Now the tractors are made and manufactured by the Shanghai Jiangnan Bureau, mainly testing machines, there are two kinds, the customs are given to the high-horsepower model, and the Shandong is given the low-horsepower model, the former is a diesel engine, and the latter is a hot ball machine according to Yang Rui's instructions, of course. This is a decision made by Yang Rui patting his head.

Seeing that Yang Rui interjected such a topic, Li Guangyi had no choice but to say: "It's not worth it to replace ploughing cattle with tractors." And the peasants can't use that thing. Yang Rui muttered in his heart, but just motioned for him to continue.

"The price of a tractor is one hundred and ninety taels of silver," said Li Guangyi, who had driven the tractor and knew everything about this new thing, including the price. He knew, but the others didn't, and now when he said that the price of the tractor was one hundred and ninety taels, everyone in the room gasped, one hundred and ninety taels, and one more could buy ten cows.

“…… The price of ploughing cattle is less than 20 taels, and the more will not exceed 30 taels, compared with the two, the price difference is too great, and the tractor burns oil, and the cattle eat grass, and the cattle are cheap and the tractor is expensive. However, it is not that the tractor has no merits, the landlords of the old village in Dazhuang Town have come to see it in person, and have rented our tractor to plough the fields for them. It's just that this tractor always breaks down when it is used, and the temperature of the hot ball is either too high or too low, and they always have to rest for a while when they see this appearance, and they say that this thing 'can't afford to wait', and they stop buying it. ”

In order to save costs, this kind of hot ball machine is only five horsepower, and the diesel engine used outside the customs is twenty horsepower. The price of one hundred and ninety taels is completely unprofitable. Yang Rui only saw many novels that said that the hot ball machine was good, but under the current technology, the hot ball machine technology is not so stable.

The key is that the ignition method of the hot ball machine is to rely on the hot ball, and at the beginning of the start, the hot ball should be heated with a blowtorch, so that the hot hot ball ignites the mist fuel in the cylinder. In order to prevent the temperature of the hot ball from decreasing, when the hot ball machine starts to work, the cylinder head should be covered with a warm cover, but after the hot ball machine works for a period of time, the temperature of the hot ball in the cylinder rises sharply, which will make the fuel deflagrate early before the piston is not pressed to the top, and the higher the temperature of the hot ball, the earlier the deflagration. In order to prevent this, the general technical practice is to spray water on the hot ball, but even if it is sprayed, it cannot completely control the situation of early deflagration, and in the end, the frequent spray of water will cause the cylinder to corrode.

When spring ploughing is pressing, what is needed is a continuous and effective cultivator or ploughing cattle, even if the efficiency of the tractor is higher than that of the ploughing cattle, but the people who use it are just anxious to stop for a while when they look at this thing. Those landlords just saw that this foreign machine was going to rest for a while, and it was very big. This is actually the reason why Yang Rui wants to save costs, he believes that the hot ball engine is cheaper than the diesel engine, and the price of the fuel used is also low. It's just that what he didn't expect was that during the period from 1910 to 1920 in the United States, the internal combustion engine tractor began to be mass-produced and popularized, and the engines used were basically gasoline engines, kerosene engines, and a small number of diesel engines, as for the hot ball engine, there was no such thing as a hot ball engine.

"You'd better write a detailed report." After listening to what Li Guangyi said, Yang Rui felt that this question could not be finished at once, so it was better to put it aside for a while and discuss it later.

Li Guangyi didn't understand that Yang Rui was the promoter of the hot ball tractor, he thought that the revival would be deceived by foreigners. When I bought such a useless thing and came back, I bluntly said that it was a shortcoming, and now I see that Yang Rui is not asking deeply about this thing. then turned the topic back to the introduction of Yizhou.

"Yizhou has a good mass foundation, but there are many Catholic churches, and many poor people have joined the Church in order not to be bullied, and now there are more than 100,000 parishioners in Shandong[Note 2:], and there are at least 30,000 or 40,000 people in Yizhou. If it cannot be developed, I am afraid that it will be very inappropriate to carry out the work of reducing rents and interest rates in the future, especially now that a small number of landlords have joined the church. If this part of the population is tolerated, then more landlords will join the church. Li Guangyi said.

The problem that Lee Kwang-yee said is indeed a big one. The vast majority of foreigners believe that China is completely barbaric, and if it wants to be civilized, it is necessary to learn Western culture, but to learn Western culture. The first thing is to get into the church. Shandong's parishioners are the second largest in the country. The first is Zhili, the reason why the Yihequan will rise in Shandong Zhili, there is a basis that the number of churches here is the largest, and the second is that the church is aggressive when preaching, eroding the power base of the rural gentry, that is: the people who completely obeyed the gentry before now only listen to the priest and the church, and in order to get more believers in proselytizing, the missionaries often give shelter to those who are traitors. It's okay to evade taxes, steal, or kill people, as long as you trust God. That can be rescued, after all, the magistrate does not dare to do it against foreigners. Although after Gengzi, the consuls of various countries had ordered the missionaries not to interfere in China's internal affairs, but the Manchu magistrates had long been afraid of being killed by Gengzi, and the parishioners naturally retreated.

In the area of Yanzhou, Zhejiang, there are religious believers, but there are few, and the religious landlords do not, after all, it is a very prosperous literary style, many poems and books, and Shandong, the poorer the local church, the more religious people, Yizhou is the second most religious capital, the first most is Caozhou, there is a way that Caozhou has many thieves since ancient times, there is a yellow flood area, the land is extremely poor, it is poorer than Yizhou, and the people are naturally more than Yizhou. If the landlords who believe in the religion are not restrained, then the Revival will be disgraced, but if these landlords and Catholics are moved, or perhaps the missionaries will be killed, then it will be a lesson plan, and it is likely to affect the foreign policy of the Revival Society.

"Those who should be killed must be killed, whether they are religious or not, Chinese or foreigners." When everyone looked at Yang Rui, he thought about it slightly, and said in a deep voice, "However, the execution of foreigners can only be handed over to Li Erhu to be responsible, and other people can't do it without permission." ”

I only felt that everyone was suppressed for a while and let out a sigh, Yang Rui said again: "These people believe in Catholicism, in the final analysis, the church can treat them, and then there is the identity of a church citizen that no one dares to bully." The task of the base areas is to ensure that everyone is not bullied by others within the scope of the law, that they can be fed and clothed, and that they will be cared for in life, old age, sickness and death. ”

As soon as Yang Rui finished speaking, everyone applauded warmly, all of them were scholars, and they were all young people, with inherent rejection and hatred of foreign priests, everyone felt that foreign religion was not a good thing, but from their hearts they knew that once the lesson plan was released, not only the Manchus would send troops, but the Germans were afraid that they would also send troops. Between their worries, Yang Rui actually agreed to the execution of the foreigners, only to let everyone listen to the spirits. After the warm applause, Yang Rui signaled everyone to stop and listen to Li Guangyi accept the situation in Yizhou again.

"The traffic in Yizhou is not convenient, except for the dirt road between the counties, there is only one official road from Beijing to Fuzhou, this road was renovated in the eighth year of Guangxu, and it is more convenient than other dirt roads. This road enters Benzhou from Jinan and Tai'an, passes through Mengyin, Duozhuang, Xugongdian, Fucheng, Tancheng, Honghuabu, and finally enters Jiangsu; In the waterway, there are seven ports in Dishui, Lanshan, Zhanzi, Taoluo, Jiacang, Shijiu and Wangjiatan, which are lined with ships and sails; River transportation is Yishui between spring and autumn, wooden boats can go south to the Beijing-Shanghai Grand Canal, but now at the junction of Yizhou and Xuzhou, there are many centimeters, and few people load goods south......"

In the morning, Li Guangyi introduced the general situation of Yizhou, and according to the actual situation, it is still somewhat similar to Yanzhou, both are located in mountainous areas, and both have a river that crosses the whole state. Yang Rui only remembered that the Romans relied on the convenience of shipping in the Mediterranean Sea to rule the huge empire two thousand years ago, and the last time Yanzhou countered the encirclement and suppression, it relied on the rapid mobilization of the Fuchun River and diesel engine ships to catch the Manchus off guard. If the Yizhou base area wants to be undefeated. In addition to the efficient base area system and the invincible revival army, there is also the Yishui River.

Although the two places are similar, Yizhou has the advantage of being close to the sea. Of course, the Manchus would definitely send gunboats to tightly seal the coast, but I don't know if the submarines on the German side can dismantle their weapons and tow them out in advance. With a few hundred tons of things, it is completely possible to seize a sea mouth on the Rizhao side and build a submarine dock.

Transportation is a problem, and the local resources of Yizhou are also very important. According to Li Guangyi's introduction, there are many coal mines in Yizhou, but there is not much coking coal for ironmaking. However, no matter how limited it is, it is better than Yanzhou to use peat, and the local iron ore is also very scattered, and according to the previous investigation, most of the iron ore taste is about 30%, if you want to make iron, you have to follow the local law. As for steelmaking, don't even think about it. Eliminate coal and iron. In addition, sulfur is also urgently needed in the base, but for the time being, large-scale sulfur mines or pyrite mines have not been found, but there are still a lot of local gypsum mines, which can be regarded as the raw material problem of sulfuric acid.

Yang Rui only had a brief overview of the situation in Yizhou, and the real planning of the base area should still be handed over to the professionals who came to plan, Yizhou is not so hasty than Yanzhou, Yizhou is the same as Tonghua, and all the work should be perfected before the event. This is not only to go deep into the rural areas and to the grassroots level, but also to make some planning and preparations in the localities. Iron-making machines, sulfuric acid plants, top-secret ammonia synthesis equipment, and diesel engines to be used on the Yishui River must be brought in as soon as possible. According to the plan of the General Staff, it is best for all base areas to have a certain amount of military production capacity before they are opened, and airships are not omnipotent, and there is no need to wait until after the event is carried out to transport equipment by airships.

After the morning meeting, after eating a meal of sorghum flour pancakes with bursting green tendons at noon, Yang Rui went out of the yard and prepared to walk around. The inn is only outside the south gate of Juzhou, which is a prosperous place, and after going out, Yang Rui can only see the teahouse restaurant at the intersection along the potholed road, but he has not passed, he is not a local, and the words of the past have been noticed by someone who cares, maybe there will be some trouble; On the left side of the inn, there is a wooden sign of the Juzhou Peasant Association at the gate of a courtyard, which should be the office of the Peasant Association, but the workshop did not have classes today, otherwise Yang Rui would like to go there to have a look.

When Yang Rui was standing at the door of the inn and didn't know where to go, Li Guangyi came out and stopped him, saying that there was something else to report, and then Yang Rui was welcomed to a room.

"Sir, there is actually a member in this Juzhou, but there are some problems with this person's identity." Li Guangyi said.

"What's wrong with his identity?" Yang Rui said.

"His surname is Zhuang, his name is Zhuang Yilan, he is the Hanlin of the current dynasty, and he is now serving as a supervisor in the Shandong Law and Political Science School." Li Guangyi said. He was not surprised to see Yang Rui about this, and said: "Sir, the key is not his identity, but the largest landlord in Juzhou is in Dazhuang Town, and the largest landlord in Dazhuang Town is the Zhuangjia, the Zhuangjia covers an area of more than 50,000 acres, has more than 70 villages, more than 2,000 tenants, and has run more than 100 regiments......

50,000 mu is not a small amount, Yang Rui said in a deep voice: "How did this Zhuang Yilan join the Revival Association?" ”

Li Guangyi was shocked when she heard this, and said, "I and another comrade introduced me to it. He was sent to study at Hosei University in Tokyo the year before last, and because they are all from Yizhou, they are familiar with it. He was open-minded, although he was Hanlin, but he did not have a good impression of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, and preferred to speak freely about revolution, and later I saw that he really wanted to revolution, and after half a year of investigation, he was introduced to join the Revival Society. ”

The threshold for joining the revival association before the Hangzhou event was not too high, and then the review of the members from landlord families was very strict, except for a very small number of people, they generally could not pass, and the gentry who joined before also withdrew after the Hangzhou incident.

"Revolution is not only about changing the lives of others, but also about our own." Yang Rui thought about it and said: "Don't worry about the dealer's side, there will be someone from the higher level who will have an in-depth conversation with Zhuang Yilan on the issue of rent reduction and interest reduction, but not now, but after the incident." If he had been a qualified member, he would have approved of us doing so. (To be continued......)

PS: Note 1: The price of ploughing cattle is taken from the "Summary of Agricultural Cruelty and Cooperative Undertakings" in 1934, p73, and the data of the Republic of China, considering the depreciation of silver, the price at the end of the Qing Dynasty was set at around 20 taels; The price of the tractor is based on "The-First-American-Farm-Tractors" P306.

Note 2: Cf. "A Quantitative Analysis of the Conflict between Folk and Religion in the Qing Dynasty" [1860-1899], Taipei, Commercial Press, 1991, p. 34