After the defeat of the Ottoman Empire, like other defeated countries, Britain and France signed a humiliating defeat treaty with the Turks—————— the Treaty of Sèvres. ＠，↙.; The Treaty of Sèvres was part of the 1919 Paris Peace Conference series of treaties, and was one of the more important constituents. The main content was to weaken the territory and national power of the Ottoman Empire and prevent it from engaging in wars of foreign expansion.

It is precisely because of the humiliating nature of this treaty that it caused great controversy when it was first born. At the time, the treaty was widely regarded as focusing on the interests of the Entente (especially Britain, China, Greece, and Armenia) and harsh on the Ottomans and Turks.

It should be noted that during the Versailles Peace Conference, the Entente also invited representatives from the Ottoman Turkish government to participate. The Imperial Government of Turkey sent former Prime Minister Ahmet? Tiefic participated, but just like the head of the German delegation that year. When Tiefik learned of the Entente's request, he considered the terms too harsh and refused to continue the discussion. When the Imperial Government learned of this, it replaced Tiefic and sent a delegation led by the then Prime Minister Philit to Paris to continue the peace talks.

Philit brought the agreement with the Entente back to Istanbul, and Sultan Mehmed VI convened a cabinet meeting, which was unanimously agreed upon by the participants.

As has been said, according to the Treaty of Sèvres, the Ottoman Turkish Empire, which originally spanned Europe and Asia, would cede large territories to Greece, China, France, Great Britain and Armenia.

At the same time, the Ottomans had to abolish conscription. The number of troops in the whole country shall not exceed 45,000, and there shall be no heavy weapons, no air force, no navy, and no large merchant ships. Taxes collected by the Ottoman Empire were given priority to pay war reparations and the costs of the Allied occupation forces. Extraterritoriality was restored. Even if any regime succeeded the Ottoman Empire in the future, extraterritoriality would still apply. When the Turkish people became naturalized in any of the Entente countries, they were guaranteed extraterritoriality and were no longer required to pay taxes to the Ottoman government.

It should be noted that if it is divided according to the content of the treaty, then let alone the Ottoman Turkish Empire, which once spanned Europe and Asia. Even the Turkey we see today may no longer exist, at least, the Turks will have to carve out at least half of the current territory.

And the Turks will also lose most of their European territory. Just a small piece of Istanbul is —————— really just a small piece. At least the original Turkey still has a slight area of European territory, but if it comes up according to the treaty, there will only be one Istanbul left.

This is probably like Singapore in later generations, although Singapore seems to be on the Malay Peninsula as well. Looking at the name, it is also a place. But in fact, there is only one city left. The Turks were not so miserable though. But in reality, if the treaty were recognized, it would probably be only Istanbul and the surrounding area of its European territory.

As for cities like Edirne. then it will be permanently attributed to Greece.

It is conceivable that such a humiliating treaty will probably be recognized by few Turks. It was precisely because this treaty was almost impossible for the Turks to accept, that the Turkish nationalists, led by Kemal, rejected the treaty and fought against the Armenian, Greek, Chinese and French forces who occupied Asia Minor under the treaty, in what later became known as the 'Turkish War of Independence'.

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If it is said that mere unilateral disapproval and non-acceptance will not impress Britain and the United States, then victory is different.

In fact, after the Turks began to resist vigorously, the army led by Kemal defeated the Greek army at the Shakaria River, and France and Italy immediately declared that they would not recognize the Treaty of Sèvres and made peace with the Turkish Grand National Assembly. It is only because the war between the Turks and the Greeks has not yet been decided during this period, and there is still the support of Britain and France behind Greece, so the war continues.

However, as the decline of the Greeks on the battlefield became more and more apparent, Britain and France also felt that it was time to make some wiser choices—————— such as abandoning their interests in Turkey and instead adopting measures to win over Turkey and avoid Turkey joining the Soviet Russian camp.

Anyway, in this war, it is the Chinese who really get the lion's share, since even the Chinese have jumped out to help the Turks, so why should they be so anxious about drinking soup?

As for the interests of the Greeks?

If the Greeks had won the war with the Turks, perhaps they could have taken care of the interests of the Greeks a little, but alas, the Greeks did not.

Although during the Second World War, the Greeks had a good appearance, and even reversed the Italians, who had the advantage in both weapons and troops. But when facing the Turks, it seemed that they were no different from their heirs in later generations, and they actually lost consecutive battles on the Turkish battlefield.

In this way, there is naturally no need for Britain and France to take care of their feelings.

There is no way, this world is so realistic, if the Greeks can be more competitive, Britain and France will continue to support Greece, but since he is so bad, then Britain and France will naturally choose a form that is more beneficial to themselves.

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Of course, if the original history were to be followed, Britain and France would never have agreed to such an agreement with Turkey, at least until the Turks had won a decisive victory over Greece.

But this time it was different, perhaps because of the relationship between the national and social governments to help act as intermediaries, so Britain and France were much easier to talk to. The most important thing is that both Britain and France are no longer willing to continue to throw supplies in Turkey—————— in fact, Britain and France also see China's intention to win over Turkey, which is another reason why Britain and France will agree so easily.

That's right. It stands to reason that Britain and France seem to be the right ones to get in the way. After all, if the Turks were on the side of China, then China might set foot in its sphere of influence in Europe, which was absolutely not allowed by Britain and France.

Not to mention Europe, even the Mediterranean, I'm afraid they won't agree.

But the question arises, even if Britain and France are not willing to negotiate such a matter with Turkey, will they have a way to deal with Turkey? Perhaps, but it is definitely a method that requires a lot of energy, for the British and French, who are now exhausted. Using this approach is definitely not worth the cost.

And in the absence of a way to settle the other side. But if you have to drag it to death, not only will it not do you any good to yourself, but I am afraid it will also deepen the other party's resentment towards you. As time goes on, the deeper this resentment becomes. It's like what I said before. If it can be settled, it will be nothing. But he didn't have the ability to settle it. In this case, why add an enemy to yourself?

And while he is making things difficult for the other party, the other person is giving 'selfless' help. In this case, it seems to be clear which side the Turks will choose.

Therefore, now Britain and France have not embarrassed Turkey, which is tantamount to pushing the Turks even more to the Chinese side. Since Britain and France did not intend to do so, they naturally had to make other choices, such as winning more favors from the Turks—————— or at least not adding to the bad feelings.

Naturally, as a country that disintegrated the Ottoman Empire and inflicted so much humiliation, it was almost impossible to get the Turks close to them, as the British and French themselves knew.

However, China has also made great efforts to dismember Turkey. So these two countries don't have to worry about what kind of good feelings the Turks will have towards China.

In addition, Britain and France really needed Turkey to stand on their side and jointly deal with Soviet Russia, so the birth of this conciliatory treaty, the Treaty of Lausanne, became a logical thing. At least no matter who it is, it will not be strange that this treaty was born—————— except for Soviet Russia ...

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At the end of 192o, with the signing of a new Treaty of Lausanne in Lausanne, Switzerland, with the signing of a new Treaty of Lausanne by Britain, France, China and Turkey, which replaced the Treaty of Sèvres. It can be regarded as the end of the Turkish War of Independence, which lasted for some time.

In this treaty, Turkey's original territory was certainly not maintained, but Turkey was also given more dignity than the Treaty of Sèvres. For the Turks, at least, the Treaty of Sèvres was something they would never tolerate.

After all, that treaty was so humiliating for them...

So although this treaty is still full of humiliation for the Turks, it is also regarded as a victory by many Turks—————— of course, if you can bring back that part of Iraq, it will be great...

It's a pity that this difficulty is too great, although the Turks have also tried, and Britain and France seem to have a little sign of support—————— anyway, it is not their own, and looking at China occupying so many oil resources, Britain and France certainly cannot not be jealous, the most important thing is that China has become stronger and stronger, at this time the oil resources in the Middle East play a role for China like a tiger, since Britain and France want to prevent tigers, Then it is natural to first remove the wings behind the tiger.

If oil is given to the Turks, at most it will make the Turks richer, but if it is given to China, then the changes in China today are a great proof. With more than 3 million Wehrmacht, apart from Soviet Russia, which country in the world can possess such a huge amount of armaments? And if it weren't for these oil revenues, where would the Nationalist government get so much money to support so many standing armies?

Therefore, rather than let the oil in the hands of China, Britain and France would rather let them in the hands of the Turks, at least in the hands of the Turks, which is relatively safer.

It's just that...

Although the Lausanne Conference was led by China, the attitude of the Nationalist government on the territorial issue in the Middle East was very extreme. The Turks had just raised the issue, and Britain and France had expressed some support. The representatives of the Chinese government have already directly torn their faces, threatening that this is what the Nationalist government deserves, and if the Turks want to take back these lands from China, they can only exchange human lives—————— as long as they can exchange them!

This fierce attitude of the national government, not to mention the British and French, even the Turks were taken aback.

In fact, the Turks just want to try, after all, if they can, then Turkey's reconstruction funds do not need to be considered. In fact, at the beginning, when Britain and France made this statement, the Turks were really very happy. After all, if you have the support of Britain and France. Then the Turks have some hope in this matter.

Who would have thought that the Kuomintang government didn't even think about it, it was just tearing its face.

Well, tear it up, if you can. The Turks actually want to tear it too.

At least for a significant part of the Turks. Now that the Greeks have been cleaned up. Then it seems like nothing to pick up another Chinese. But the real upper echelons of the Turkish government are well aware that this is not so easy.

First of all, since there are peace talks with Britain and France. Then it seems unrealistic to count on military aid from Soviet Russia. Secondly, is Turkey still capable of continuing to fight?

True, the war was much shorter than it was in history, but that didn't mean the Turks lost less. After all, in the original history, the British only pushed north along the Baghdad line, and did not actually threaten the security of the Turks.

However, in this era, with the Nationalist government, the more than 100,000 Wehrmacht troops continued to move north, directly threatening the nest of the Turks.

And in many battlefields of the Mesopotamian campaign, the Turks were inflicted heavy losses. By now, they have occupied a considerable part of the territory of Turkey, and the losses of the Turks in this case are probably no different from those in the previous life, even at the end of the war.

As a result, it will naturally be more difficult for the Turks to hold on.

What's more, unlike the Greeks, perhaps in the eyes of ordinary people, if they can defeat the Greeks, they can defeat the Chinese. But it was clear to the top of Turkey that the strength of the Wehrmacht was definitely not comparable to that of the Greeks.

In many battles with the Turks, the Wehrmacht did not have an advantage in numbers, but each time they were able to defeat the Turks with great ease. Especially on several active offensives, the power of the mechanized troops stunned the Turks. In some cases, it only took a few thousand troops to crush the Turkish army of tens of thousands.

Especially in one of the battles, the tens of thousands of troops carefully prepared by the Turks were already defeated by the Wehrmacht who took the initiative to attack before they even attacked, and that time, under the cover of the air force, the Wehrmacht only relied on an armored regiment and an infantry brigade to defeat the strength of at least five divisions of the Turks...

The blow of this defeat was especially great for the Turks ...

After all, Turkey had an absolute superiority in terms of troops, and also concentrated a considerable part of heavy weapons, but in the end, it did not even hurt the Wehrmacht...

Even in front of the Wehrmacht, the table is so vulnerable.

It also made the Turks feel unconfident in the face of the Wehrmacht, if not for the fact that the Wehrmacht had always been at peace. Unless the Turks took the initiative to provoke trouble, the Turks would never have won the war against the Greeks—————— which was also deliberate on the part of the Nationalist government, although a weakened Turkey would pose a much smaller threat to the Middle East. But a Turkey with little strength is also worthless to the national government, isn't it?

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As mentioned earlier, although the Turks do want to break with the Nationalist government. It's a pity that they don't have this strength, and even if they tear it up, without the assistance of Soviet Russia, where will the Turks have the strength to confront China?

If you don't get it right, it may even lead to a catastrophe.

Therefore, after such a tough statement by the national government, although they were very annoyed in their hearts, the Turks could only swallow their anger.

There is no way, the current meeting is so loud, and Soviet Russia is not an idiot, nor is it deaf or blind, of course it is impossible not to know.

In other words, everything else is okay, but it is possible to count on the assistance of Soviet Russia to save ...

In fact, at the very beginning of the Lausanne Conference, Soviet Russia had already issued an extremely stern warning to the Turkish government. After all, Turkey's actions can no longer be considered betrayal, but should be called treachery or crossing the river and tearing down the bridge...

For this behavior of the Turks, the Soviet Russians were very angry.

After all, no one thought that the Turks would betray Soviet Russia in such a situation, and the previous aid from Soviet Russia was tantamount to a waste—————— although a considerable part of the aid was actually Chinese, but after all, there was still a part of the aid from Soviet Russia itself.

The most important thing is that for Soviet Russia, he will not feel that part of this aid is given by the Chinese, so he has not suffered much loss, he remembers only one, that is, he suffered a loss!

Therefore, after receiving the news of the peace talks between the Turks and Britain and France, the Soviet and Russian sides were furious, and at the same time, there were also calls for sending troops to punish Turkey! (To be continued!)

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