Chapter 2 Military Uniforms and Shoes
With the opening of the communication route from the base areas behind enemy lines in the northeast to the anti-Japanese base areas in North China, a large number of troops in the Guannai adopted the method of rotation and went to the northeast for training and redressing. In addition, a large number of cadres from various units have been transferred to various military academies and academies of the Anti-Japanese Federation to study artillery, armored troops, anti-chemical warfare, air defense, communications, engineers, and other branches of the armed forces.
It also organized all the chiefs of staff of the Northeast Army to participate in the advanced training course for the chiefs of staff of the Anti-Japanese Federation in batches. Cadres at and above the regimental level also took turns to attend the advanced military training course organized by the Anti-Japanese Federation to learn synthetic command. Cadres below the regimental level will enter the intermediate and junior classes of the infantry schools of the Anti-Japanese Federation for further study.
At the same time, the Anti-Japanese Federation has also selected a large number of backbone cadres from the troops of the major military regions, especially company and platoon cadres, to supplement the aviation and other technical arms. The most important thing is that every unit in the Guannai that came to the northeast for training has brought much-needed supplementary soldiers to the Anti-Japanese Federation. Although it was somewhat difficult for the major strategic zones in the Guannai, all of them completed the tasks assigned by the central authorities on time.
Each brigade that came to the northeast brought a new regiment to supplement the Anti-Japanese Alliance. By the end of 42, except for the Shandong Military Region and the headquarters of the New Fourth Army, because of the long route and the blockade of the Japanese puppet army, the recruits had not yet arrived. The rest of the major regions have basically all been in place to replenish the troops. Jinchaji and Taihang alone provided more than 60,000 recruits.
Because after leaving the north of Jin and Chahar, all the way was transported by car, and the number of recruits fleeing was far lower than in the past. The more than 60,000 recruits mobilized by the Guannai troops basically arrived in the northeast in good quality and quantity. Although the number of recruits in this group is not large, according to the population base of each base area, the two regions have already done their best.
Later, Yang Zhen learned that because of the rare drought in North China this year, the local burden was already too heavy and it was really unsustainable. The central authorities have ordered all major regions to suspend the expansion of troops, and the rest of the troops should be reduced except for the various units that have advanced into the army. All the supplementary soldiers that have been recruited will be handed over to the Anti-Japanese Federation.
Eating people with short mouths and short hands with people, what people promised has been done, and Yang Zhen will naturally not be stingy. After the arrival of the Kannai armed forces in Tohoku, all firearms were strictly inspected. All the broken ones were replaced, and all the ones with sparse calibers and no place to make bullets were also replaced.
The original Jin-made rifles, old sleeves, Hanyang-made rifles, and all home-made firearms were all replaced, and the Zhongzheng and Czech-made rifles in better condition were selected, and the Belgian-made rifles remained. At the same time, some adjustments have been made in the armament to ensure that the brigades use weapons of the same caliber as much as possible. As much as possible, according to the inventory of the Anti-Union, it will be replaced with Japanese or German equipment.
In addition to the Tokarev pistol bullets that can be used with the Anti-United Nations, the universal 7.63 mm bullets, and the 9 mm Ruger bullets, all the miscellaneous barge guns have also been replaced and replaced with imitation Tokarev pistols of the Anti-United Nations. The German-made brigades are equipped with German-made MP-40 submachine guns, and the Japanese-equipped brigades are equipped with submachine guns manufactured by the Anti-United Nations.
At the same time, all the troops who came to the northeast underwent a strict physical examination. All cadres and soldiers were screened for blood type, the blood type of each person was determined, and the blood type was marked on the inner lining of the military uniform in case of battlefield rescue needs. At the same time, the whole body was disinfected, mainly to eliminate lice to reduce the spread of infectious diseases.
Baths and infirmaries have been built and heating equipment has been installed in all garrisons prepared for the troops leaving the customs. All medical personnel of the troops leaving the border must enter the Anti-Coalition Military College and the Field Health Technician School, and undergo five months to one year of advanced training depending on the basics.
Each cadre and soldier who went out of the border was given two sets of single military uniforms, two shirts, two pairs of leggings, two military hats, two pairs of high-waisted stab-proof rubber shoes, one pair of low-waisted rubber shoes, and three pairs of cotton socks in the summer. An anti-joint hanging kettle, a Japanese-made 92-style lunch box, an American-made British or French-made steel helmet, a shoulder bag, and a set of velvet pants per person in spring and autumn.
In the winter, not only a full set of cotton clothes were distributed, but everyone was also given a smock over the cotton clothes. changed the original winter, it was an old cotton jacket for the winter. After a winter, the cotton clothes were not only worn out quite badly because of the crawling, but also because they could not be washed, and they could not even see the embarrassment of their true colors.
In accordance with the consultation with the Central Committee, for the needs of the united front. All the troops in the Guannai who came to the northeast for rectification and training will still maintain the original uniform system in the Guannai, and no major adjustments will be made. However, the color of the summer clothes is all grass green, and in the winter it is earthy yellow. It has changed the situation in the past that in various base areas, in addition to the general uniforms of style, the colors are varied.
In the past, the central authorities were unable to uniformly distribute military uniforms, and each base area in the Guannai could only determine the fabric and color of its own military uniforms according to the fabrics and paints of military uniforms that could be obtained in accordance with their own surrounding environment and their own economic bases. Therefore, the colors of military uniforms are also different in the various base areas in the Guannai, and even in the different formations of the troops in each base area.
Compared with the time when the army was marching out of the customs, Hao Lai also tried his best to compare the same situation with the same color of the military uniforms of the troops from a military region. After four years of brutal sweeps from summer to winter, the troops in various base areas in North China entered the most difficult period, and the colors of the military uniforms were even more varied.
The troops wore whatever clothes they could get. Not to mention the color, in addition to the military hat, it can be described as varied. There are even a considerable number of troops who wear the clothes of ordinary people, or simply wear the military uniforms of puppet soldiers and devils directly on their bodies. In addition to a military hat of the Eighteenth Group Army, outsiders suddenly looked at the military uniform on his body, and thought it was a devil or a puppet army.
As for what style and color are unified, I can't care about it, so don't show your ass first. In a situation where even the most basic replenishment capabilities are lost, all military appearance must give priority to survival. You can wear whatever you get, not to mention the clothes of the common people and the Japanese puppet army, it doesn't matter if it's the clothes of the big girl. When some troops entered the Northeast, they were still wearing last year's cotton clothes.
The cloth is basically coarse cloth made of earth, and the style is also a uniform two and a half feet regardless of size. Except for some middle and high-ranking cadres, all military uniforms have a distinctive feature, that is, they are too fat. The top can almost be worn as a trench coat, while the pants are all crotchless, that is, pants without a crotch.
This time, when the troops in the Guannai were out of the customs, Yang Zhen replaced the troops in the various base areas in the Guannai, whether it was the earthy yellow military uniforms of Jinsui and Jinchaji, and the Baye gray of Taihang, Hebei, Luyu and southern Hebei, all of them with standard military uniforms of uniform colors. In addition, the fabric was changed from the original handmade coarse cloth, all summer military uniforms were replaced with twill, and all winter military uniforms were changed to cotton cloth.
The style of military uniforms has also been completely canceled in the shape of two-and-a-half-foot, crotch-free pants. The top is a tunic style, and the pants are changed to a more fitting loose tunic pants straight-leg pants. Cadres and soldiers below the battalion level, elbows, knees, and shoulders are reinforced with cloths inside.
It was the first time that many cadres and soldiers had received shirts, socks, and fleece jackets, and high-waisted stab-proof rubber shoes were also received for the first time. As for the relatively fitting military uniforms, many cadres who participated in the Long March also received them for the first time. However, the fleece jackets and high-waisted stab-proof rubber shoes in the spring and autumn seasons were also distributed for the first time by the troops of the Anti-United Nations.
Moreover, these canvas rubber shoes, compared with the cotton canvas rubber shoes taken before, have also undergone certain improvements. Although the leather combat boots used in the United States and Britain are not used, the breathability is greatly improved compared to the original. The high waist increases the protection of the ankles, and the stab resistance is greatly improved with the thickened sole.
All raw materials, with the exception of some rubber, which is required for the sole, are basically produced in-house. Although the upper is made of the largest cotton canvas in the region, we have managed to increase breathability without compromising the protection of the feet and the durability of the shoe.
After some improvements, although the original poor waterproof has not changed, the air permeability and moisture permeability are much better. This new type of cotton canvas rubber shoes was made by Yang Zhen personally with a few professors from Northwest University of Technology under the condition that the raw materials were based on the base area.
Of course, Yang Zhen didn't have time to do it personally, but he talked about shoes with these professors who were engaged in textiles. The troops marched all day, and the sturdy cloth shoes wore out too quickly. Moreover, in general, it is not cost-effective to allocate shoes to the troops in the case of huge demand.
However, the rubber shoes originally issued by the Anti-Japanese Federation are not breathable or wet, and can easily cause the infection of athlete's foot, which to a certain extent affects the combat effectiveness of the troops. Fighting in the mountains, the ability to resist stabs and the protection of the ankles are poor. If you are equipped with American or Soviet-style leather shoes, not only can you not afford it, but it is also too bulky.
With the troops still relying mainly on foot marches, the improvement of military shoes has now become a sense of urgency. If a soldier has athlete's foot, he will even infect a battalion. And after getting athlete's foot, he can't march and fight. If a large-scale infection occurs, it will even seriously affect the combat effectiveness of the troops.
Although the health department has been trying to prevent it, it can be prevented by simple prevention. Therefore, before this battle, Yang Zhen took half a day to talk to a few textile experts from Northwest University of Technology about military shoes.
After these experts squatted in the Harbin textile factory, worked hard to study, and finally came up with a plan. After being tried on by the Harbin Guard Force, the effect was well received. Therefore, this large-scale distribution of troops was used as standard military shoes. The old-fashioned rubber shoes that were originally in stock have not been completely eliminated, and they are used as daily shoes. The troops who left the customs this time also changed into this new type of military shoes.
However, this kind of high-waisted stab-proof combat shoes, when people see it decades later, they will be shocked to find that in addition to the different materials and colors, but from the style point of view, isn't this the 99-style training shoes of later generations? Of course, the high-waisted ninety-nine style training shoes were not distributed by the troops in later generations. However, Yang Zhen's unit was issued with this kind of light training shoes instead of heavy 97-style military boots for daily training.
Although this kind of ninety-nine style training shoes has not completely changed the shortcomings of the original liberation shoes, it is far more comfortable to wear and ankle protection than liberation shoes. Therefore, Yang Zhen wanted to improve the military shoes of the troops under the conditions that the base area could bear, and this 99-style high-waisted training shoes became the first choice for imitation.
However, he is only responsible for providing the style and requirements, and the materials are still left to the experts. Yang Zhen has this benefit, and he will definitely not pretend to understand what he doesn't understand. Although the style and requirements are provided, he generally does not ask about specific things. Because he doesn't understand, he never interferes with the work of experts.
He was just a soldier, not an expert or a professor. He didn't understand those material things, so he never got involved. In terms of materials, he only requires breathability, moisture permeability, and strength, and uses the materials produced in the base area as much as possible, and resolutely does not import, and does not ask anything else.