In the history of high-altitude reconnaissance of mankind, it should be hot air balloons first, then airplanes, then American U-2s, and finally spy reconnaissance satellites. The reason why the spy satellite was put on was because the Soviet Union constantly shot down the U-2 high-altitude reconnaissance plane, and now it directly skips the U-2 reconnaissance plane and goes directly to the spy reconnaissance satellite, and this rhythm is ......

There are many things that make Yang Rui understand that he can't be clever and skip the existing historical steps, otherwise he will suffer. The most obvious is his current situation - at the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, he directly set the policy for the future, and the result was that Qiu Jin, Zhang Taiyan and others were self-defeating. Why is that? Afterwards, Yang Rui thought about it for one reason: equivalent to the Kuomintang, Beiyang is a relatively disciplined ruling group, and its leaders will abide by some old morals and old ethics, and Chang Kaishen did not go to the field to eat fast because of his subordinates shooting without authorization like Duan Qirui, he just swore that he would only drink boiled water for the rest of his life.

That is to say, in a similar Beiyang era, or a strengthened version of the Beiyang era, there will be many people who will abide by the most basic moral position and completely ignore the interests of the party, Huang Xing, who refused to swear allegiance to Sun Wen at the beginning, is even more so, Qiu Jin, Zhang Taiyan, Wang Ji and others. They cannot accept that the Revival Society will degenerate into a political party that only pays lip service to the people, but secretly manipulates public opinion and dictates the government's agenda -- their power may be effectively supervised before they die, and after their death, the Revival Society will certainly evolve into a tyrannical regime. Therefore, with their integrity, change is necessary, and a coup d'état is logical, and the result is either to purge them themselves, or to be ousted by them as they are now.

Fortunately, the political program of the Revival Society originally advocated the quintessence of the country and advocated the pre-Qin Shang and Zhou periods, and there was no obvious conflict between the current outcome and the original program, nor did it have too many contradictions with the overall public opinion of the current society. If it were to be replaced by another political party, it would certainly be accused of being backward, feudal, counter-revolutionary, and anti-civilized.

The environment affects the climate, and the climate affects the living things. This is true for politics, and it is also true for science. And to be honest, Yang Rui knows very little about reconnaissance satellites and astronomical and cosmic knowledge, in the era when there are no solar cells and no transistor minicomputers, can this reconnaissance satellite work? Thinking about this question, although Pei Shoutong is not a professional scientific and technological personnel, Yang Rui still said. "That's a good idea, but the question is......" he thought for a moment, then continued: "Even if a rocket can send a camera to low earth orbit, how can it be taken and how can it be transmitted?" Wireless fax? ”

Pei Shoutong, who had been thinking about this for a long time, immediately replied, "Sir, I have already asked, in low earth orbit, objects can fall. Case. After taking a photo, the film can't fall off automatically, we just need to calculate that it won't fall on the territory of another country. It's a matter of taking a picture with a camera and then dropping the film......"

It is really ignorant and fearless, and what the reconnaissance satellite does is as simple as a spring outing in Pei Shoutong, holding a camera to take a bunch of photos, and after a roll is taken, he takes out the film and sends it to the printing shop, and then he will get the photos in a few days.

With a negative look on his face, Yang Rui pointed at Bei Shou and said, "What you said is really easy." Is it that simple to recover something from outside the atmosphere? And the outer part of the atmosphere is not the ground. The temperature there is more than two hundred during the day and less than two hundred at night. If you want to take pictures, the camera lens must always be facing the ground, and there must be a heat-insulated recovery chamber to prevent the film from being burned into ashes by atmospheric friction during the recycling process......"

said so many problems in one breath, but Pei Shoutong listened more and more energetically, he said: "Sir, these can be solved!" I've heard that the temperature emitted by the non-stop rocket is as high as 3,000 degrees, and they can think of a way to make the rocket withstand such high temperatures. can find a way to get the recovery pod back safely to the surface. ”

"And what can you do with your photos? How high can its resolution be? Yang Rui asked more practical questions, and subconsciously, he began to feel that in general technical terms, this was not necessarily impossible - just take a picture and throw the film.

"If there are photographic satellites, then we can know how many troops Russia has deployed in the border area of the North Court!" Pei Shoutong said the first role of reconnaissance satellites. "If we can understand the strength of Russia, we will be able to save some of our military expenses in the Pacific direction. Sir, according to the general schedule of the General Staff Department's wartime military spending arrangements, although there has been no war against Russia, the defensive military budget for Russia is more than 5 billion yuan, and if we can understand Russia's war intentions in advance, we will not only be able to save military spending in the northwest direction before the war starts, but will also be able to determine the intentions of the Russian army at the beginning of the war, so as to facilitate the attack on it head-on and finally make peace with the war. ”

At present, China's enemies are only in the northwest and southeast, Russia and the United States. Although fighting on two fronts will not be as embarrassing as Germany's small country, it will still be very difficult in terms of military spending. In the arrangement of the General Staff Department, the annual military expenditure on combat vehicles and armored vehicles in wartime is 600 million, and the average unit price is 60,000 yuan (the unit price of combat vehicles is 80,000 yuan, and the unit price of armored vehicles is 20,000), that is, 10,000 vehicles per year.

600 million combat vehicles and armored vehicles, and 600 million trucks, 3,000 each, 200,000 per year; The artillery budget is 300 million, the average unit price is 30,000, and 10,000 per year; Then there are the firearms, the existing old guns need to be replaced, and the new guns..., the unit price of semi-automatic rifles is 124, submachine guns 64, light machine guns 1,020, general-purpose machine guns 2,001, mortars 1,000 to 25,000 ....... There are all kinds of weapons, with a budget of 1.5 billion for each young weapon, and the guns produced can arm 1 million troops.

The General Staff calculated that the annual ammunition cost in wartime was 3 billion, of which 2.5 billion was used to produce ammunition for the army and the air force, but the army could only produce 4 billion rounds of ammunition and 25 million artillery shells per year.

Although so much money was spent, it was only wishful thinking that Russia would enter Beiting, Mongolia, and the Outer Northeast only if the Pacific naval battle was gradually lost. Based on the assumption that it would take three years to lose the Battle of the Pacific, the Army would have 22,000 new vehicles, 20,000 to 40,000 artillery pieces, 450,000 trucks, 3 million new guns and 1 million old guns (plus Japan), and 12 billion rounds of ammunition and 75 million shells. In this way, it can be organized into 10 new armored divisions and 150 large-scale army divisions as the military strength at the beginning of the war.

Because Europe has neglected army building and concentrated on economic development since the end of the war, this has caused a serious lag in the replacement of weapons in the army, and the wartime production of army weapons planned by the General Staff Department has pressed the army's replacement to the end. Even so, however, many staff officers of the General Staff Department still hope to reduce part of the 7.64 billion yuan (3 billion yuan in ordnance, 2 billion yuan in ammunition, 1.04 billion yuan in military salaries, 1.6 billion yuan in food, 600 million yuan in clothing, clothing, clothing, and medicine, 300 million yuan in personnel training, and 100 million yuan in fuel) that are planned to be spent on the army every year.

At present, the General Staff Department's military expenditure table for the army obviously omits military salaries, food, clothing, and medical care, and the ammunition budget is completely insufficient -- bullets are priced in 1,000 rounds, while artillery shells are priced in single rounds. Four billion rounds of bullets only cost 200 million yuan, and even if the shells are 75mm. 25 million rounds is also a billion, and because of the influence of Europe, the artillery is not only large-scale self-propelled caliber, but also goes to more than 100mm. The General Logistics Department held that if China and the Soviet Union were to engage in a war with the United States, they would need at least 100 million rounds of artillery shells a year (an average of 5 billion yuan per year for large and small calibers, except for antiaircraft artillery shells), and that before the war, 25 million rounds of artillery shells would be produced each year, and that would be barely enough to fight in the first year for three years -- this is tantamount to saying that during the war against the United States, the General Logistics Department only produced weapons and trained technical sergeants needed by the army. Most of the millions of guns that were actually produced, as well as tanks, cars, and artillery, would be piled up in warehouses and not loaded.

But from another point of view, this is also something that cannot be helped. The economic strength is here, with a maximum of 30 billion military spending per year, minus 10 billion for the Air Force and Naval Aviation (6 billion for the production of aircraft, 40,000 per year, with an average unit price of 150,000; Three billion three billion for personnel training, one hundred and fifty thousand per pilot. 20,000 people are trained every year, and another 300 million are trained for ground and technical sergeants; The last 700 million was spent on radar purchases and the construction of airfields). The 4 billion yuan for shipbuilding, 3 billion yuan for military salaries and clothing, 1 billion yuan for oil supplies, 1 billion yuan for ammunition training, 3 billion yuan for upgrading port fortifications and industrial equipment and facilities, 1 billion yuan for scientific and technological research and development, 1 billion yuan for mixed ammunition, and 1 billion yuan reserved for mobility, only 5 billion yuan will be used for army armaments.

War is about money. What kind of economic strength will be the kind of army that will be trained and what kind of weapons will be used. It is feasible to scare people with an atomic bomb, but what if you can't be scared? The submarine was transported to the designated sea area and detonated? Airdropped high altitude with a large transport aircraft? How lethal can this be? Before a megaton atomic bomb is built, the power of the atomic bomb will be minimized once the opposing fleet or army is dispersed. If the theory of atomic fission is suddenly broken, it will be like poison gas. Because of the fear of retaliation from the other party, it becomes a mere ornament.

At this time, under the level of nuclear science and technology, the war still cannot get rid of the traditional model, so if a war is started against the United States, it is the idea of all staff officers to tilt resources to the navy as much as possible, and the resources of the air force cannot be touched, and the rest can only grab the budget of the army, and the budget of the army is closely related to Russia's attitude, if it is determined that Russia has no hostile intentions, then the existing 5 billion can probably be used for naval shipbuilding, and the specific implementation of the aircraft carrier will increase to 8 to 9, plus the original 15 ships. The annual production is twenty-four.

According to the judgment of the Intelligence Bureau, the United States will have an absolute advantage in the production of aircraft carriers in wartime -- even if the Americans eliminate all interference, the 20 large docks and 50 medium docks will all be used to build aircraft carrier formations, and according to the construction period, 20 large docks can launch 13 fleet-class aircraft carriers every year, and of the remaining 50 medium-sized docks, half will build cruisers of various types and the other half will build light aircraft carriers, and in terms of the number of carrier-based aircraft, 25 light aircraft carriers will be launched every year, which is equivalent to eight fleet-class aircraft carriers. This combined with the production of large shipyards is only 22 ships, which is less than the output of China and Japan.

Of course, this does not count the 20 escort aircraft carriers converted from merchant ships by the United States, but it is still a question mark whether these escort aircraft carriers will be useful in a decisive battle of the fleet. Moreover, if China and Japan had taken the lead, the United States had been misguided and had stuffed many battleships in its docks, and at the same time, its shipbuilding industry had not achieved optimal efficiency in the previous two years -- judging from the situation of World War I, this was extremely probable, because the merchant ships built by the United States at that time were not launched on a large scale until the end of the war, and finally it was in the early confrontation that its own side had some advantages and accumulated a certain numerical advantage as the victorious side.

The only exception is airplanes! In terms of building ships, the Americans were limited to death by the dockyard, and they had nowhere to spend their money, but the aircraft factory and the automobile factory were isomorphic, although in the vast Pacific Ocean, no matter how many planes there were, no matter how many aircraft there were, it would be blind to catch the blind, but if the Americans surpassed China and Japan in engine technology. For example, the maximum output of Chinese and Japanese aero engines is 2,000 horsepower, and the output of American engine horsepower is 3,000 or 4,000 horsepower......

The General Staff is a place where geniuses come out, and there are many war plans against the United States and the Soviet Union, but China is not Germany, and the United States is not France, and there is no way to copy Germany's Schlieffen plan of France first and then Russia during World War I. Therefore, Bei Shou and others dreamed of understanding Russia's war intentions.

After talking about the value of photographic satellites to Russia, when Yang Rui, who was contemplative, came back to his senses, Pei Shoutong said again: "Sir, photographic satellites are not only useful for the army, but also for the navy. Isn't the most important thing in a decisive battle for an aircraft carrier to discover the position of the enemy aircraft carrier? If the photographic satellites can detect the enemy aircraft carrier formation in advance, then our army will be able to grasp the first-mover advantage. Even if you can't create clouds to conceal at that time, you can catch the enemy ship off guard! ”

Yang Rui, who Bei Shoutong said, became more and more moved, but he also knew about the kind of photographic satellite that Pei Shoutong said, so he immediately retorted: "Don't forget." The camera satellite is not a real-time feedback, and when you finish taking pictures, throw the film down, and wash it, what will happen...... When......"

Yang Rui was in a trance as he spoke, he remembered that Shenzhou 5 was still Shenzhou No. 1, and it only took 90 minutes for the spacecraft to circle the earth in low-earth orbit, and it was less than half an hour from preparing to return to landing. If you really want to throw the film down, then there will be time for the ground personnel to receive the film and print the photos. The time of the former is unknown, but the latter can be done in an hour if an ordinary photo studio adds money based on experience. Other than that. If the satellite is flying from east to west, it is aimed at the Pacific Ocean to take pictures. Flying to Taiwan, the Philippines, and the South China Sea to drop the film saves 90 minutes of circumnavigating the earth, and all the time may add up to only two or three hours......

"it!" Yang Rui scolded in a low voice. He did this, but Pei Shoutong didn't hear it, he just continued: "Even if the time interval is too large, it will not help the fleet commander to make a judgment in real time. But it's also extremely beneficial for submarine wolf pack tactics. Merchant ships are slow, and the routes are stable, even if they ...... the next day."

"If all is in order, the fleet commander will be able to use these pictures." Yang Rui said. "Three hours count, even at full speed. The fleet can only go one hundred and sixty kilometers, but ......," he muttered, "there are still several problems to be solved, first, the whole system must be stable and error-free, and the film must fall accurately; Second, the accuracy of the photo should be able to detect the US fleet, and it must be able to distinguish aircraft carriers of at least more than 200 meters; Third, the range of photograph ingestion is limited, and several parallel satellites must be photographed at the same time to cover the entire sea area; Fourthly, it is necessary to be very fast from receiving the photograph to cleaning it to finally interpreting it, and the faster they are, the smaller the range of the fleet commander needs to search; Fifth ......"

Yang Rui suddenly thought of a problem that seemed to be difficult to solve, he stood up and said regretfully: "The sea is vast, it can't have many landmark objects like the land, even if we photographed the US aircraft carrier fleet, how can we be sure where he is?" ”

"Sir, this ...... That shouldn't be a problem. If the satellite's orbit is stable, then the sea area it photographs should be a rectangular strip of sea in an east-west direction. We can set up a north-south marker from Japan to the Philippines, and let the satellite take pictures of these markers before the end of the camera, and then we can determine the latitude of this ribbon of water. Pei Shoutong also stood up and said urgently. In addition, if we start taking pictures from the American continent, then we can judge the latitude by the markers on the American continent, and judge the longitude by the interval between the photos, that is, the number of photos. ”

"Hmm." Yang Rui sat down again, he lit a cigarette, took a puff and said, "But how much does it cost?" ”

If you don't know how expensive oil and salt are, seeing that Yang Rui is distressed about the money, Bei Shoutong can't help it, and he doesn't know how much it costs to send the camera. "Sir, when I introduced it just now, didn't Dr. Qian say that the C-type rocket can shoot up to an altitude of 140 kilometers? Can we fly two hundred kilometers high with a little fuel? ”

"Hehe, you think it's driving a car, just add some fuel?" Yang Rui also threw him a cigarette, "And that's the altitude of the air." Your camera doesn't weigh anything, huh? Satellites don't weigh much, huh? It's at least half a ton a ton here. To launch a satellite, at least a D-type rocket is required. Now the D-type is immature and needs to be redesigned, and it will take more than 20 test launches......"

Before Yang Rui finished speaking, Pei Shoutong corrected: "Sir, Dr. Qian said that there will be more than 20 test launches, and now it has been carried out nine times, and if the test shots are conducted four times a year, it can be finalized in three years." If the satellite weighs only one ton, it can be built smaller to ensure that the satellite can be completed by 200 kilometers, which can save a lot of money, right? ”

"That's estimated to be 10 million." Yang Rui couldn't figure out how much the photo satellite would cost, but in fact, compared with the currency value after World War II and similar plans after World War II, he still estimated the price high. "Besides, the low earth orbit will fall off in a few days, that is, the satellite is likely to be one-time and can only be used for two or three days."

"I'm not afraid of two or three days, nine for each decisive battle, and it's only the cost of an aircraft carrier. If you can anticipate the enemy first, and you can also know how many aircraft carriers the opposing fleet has and how to arrange them, the navy will definitely pay this money! "Bei Shoutong swings his fist, like a doll with a gluttonous sugar gourd string. (To be continued.) )