Chapter 404: Search and Rescue Tactics
But don't look at the simple construction of these mines and the rough manufacturing process. However, the power of these mines, which were so large that there was no final exact number for many years after the war, was beyond everyone's expectations. In particular, the minefields scattered throughout Japan's large and small agricultural areas far exceeded the power of the so-called starvation tactics adopted by the US military and the mines thrown.
Moreover, some mines with not very rough production process have a lifespan far beyond the design. After all, each carpenter's level of craftsmanship is different, and the quality of the things they make is also different. The things made by good carpenters can be made without insects for more than ten years, and the same is true for the mines they make.
In fact, the hazards of these mines continued many years after the war. The U.S. troops who landed on the Japanese mainland also suffered greatly from these mines, killing and injuring many people. These minefields spread throughout Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, and even Hokkaido, and the Japanese have been talking about thunder for more than a decade.
By the time of the autumn harvest in 43, there was a considerable part of the main grain-producing areas on the island of Honshu in Japan. Even to the point where the peasants were bombed, they did not dare to go to the ground, and could only watch the ripe crops in the fields rot in the ground. As a direct result, in the past four or three years, a large area of grain harvest has failed in the entire Japanese mainland.
Countless detectors of wooden-hulled anti-infantry mines that could not do anything were just one of the hardships that the Japanese suffered in this war. As the war progressed, it was not only bombs that fell on the heads of the Japanese, but also mines that exploded under their feet at an unknown time. There are also a large number of chemical reagents that can make the Japanese rice harvest extinct and continue to be spread into the Japanese farmland.
However, it was not until the second half of the fourth or third year that the anti-Japanese bombing of Japan became more and more intense. However, due to the production of explosives and the fact that the focus of the military industry is still on the production of equipment and ammunition urgently needed in the country, the bombing of Japan was not carried out continuously. Although it cannot be said that it is intermittent, the interval between the bombings is still very large.
Basically, there is a gap of three to five days between two bombings. There are not a few intervals of one week or half a month. Moreover, the focus of the bombing was still concentrated in the major cities with a large number of arsenals. For the rest of the Japanese mainland, the main thing is to drop landmines and block transportation and major food-producing areas.
In terms of the number of bombings and the intensity of the bombers, the Japanese simply had no rules to touch. On one occasion, because of the contradictions between the United States and Britain, the Anti-Japanese Union did not carry out any bombing for a month and a half. In other words, within a month and a half, not a single bomber was dispatched. The Japanese, who had mobilized more than 300 fighters, waited for a month and a half, and Lang spent a lot of troops, which were quite valuable to the Japanese at that time.
While the bombing tactics were constantly adjusted, under the personal control of Yang Zhen, in order to reduce the permanent losses of pilots, the Anti-United Nations also improved the original rescue tactics. The Japanese army deployed three interception lines over the Sea of Japan, although due to the lack of early warning radar and backward communications, as well as the lack of night fighters.
Moreover, in the face of the thick-skinned American and British strategic bombers, the Japanese army fighters, which had only two 12-millimeter machine guns and even 7.7-millimeter machine guns, obviously had a hard time coping. Although the Japanese continued to improve their on-board armament, adding a 20-mm cannon.
But these prototypes are very sophisticated, but when they are used, they always fail to hit theoretically. Too particular about the lightweight modified cannon, because it goes too extreme. The weight was reduced, the reliability was greatly reduced, and the guns, which were always jammed, did not play as well as the Japanese expected.
Most of the time, the Japanese pilots who took off to intercept did not run out of shells and did not hit a single shell. It was because of the jamming of the cannon that I could only watch the bombers of the Anti-United Nations slip away in front of me and were helpless. Or watch the bomber, which was hit by the bullets of the airborne machine gun and was full of holes, but was unscathed, turned around and withdrew after dropping the bomb.
Because of the lack of high-power airborne weapons, the imported or self-developed cannons are either unreliable or extremely poor in performance of the Japanese Army. In order to shoot down these thick-skinned bombers, even the Taisho 11th type flat-fire gun and the Type 94 20-mm automatic gun used by the army were put on the plane.
However, the Japanese interceptor fighters did not have a good interception effect because they lacked sufficient airborne firepower. However, the ground anti-aircraft artillery fire of the Japanese army was unusually ferocious. When bombing the Japanese mainland, it is basically impossible to go without paying the price. More or less in each operation, bombers were shot down.
In the case of interceptor fighters, which are ineffective because of the inefficiency of airborne weapons. The Japanese Army, which favored the extremes of the sword, simply focused its main efforts on increasing ground-based anti-aircraft weapons. It not only accelerated the production of Type 1 75-mm antiaircraft guns, Taisho 14-Year Type 105 antiaircraft guns, and Type 99 88-mm antiaircraft guns, but also developed Type 3 Type 120 large-caliber antiaircraft guns.
At the same time, although the Japanese fighters lacked interceptor firepower, their combat posture was quite ferocious, and in particular, the Japanese pilots' spirit of playing with their lives was incomparable to that of ordinary countries. The machine guns were helpless, and the limited shells of the machine guns rarely hit a single one. The Japanese pilots, who had gone crazy, simply piloted the planes to adopt ramming tactics.
Therefore, the threat posed by the Japanese ground-to-air firepower to the bomber group of the Anti-United Nations is still quite large. How to rescue the aircrew on the battle-damaged bomber as much as possible when the foundation is still weak is a severe test for the Anti-United Nations.
Whether it is the type of American-made heavy bomber, the crew on board is eight to ten people. The least Stirling bomber, the crew was also seven people. Once shot down, the loss of aircrew is undoubtedly huge. The level of education is quite worthwhile, and even most of the people are still illiterate, and Chinese do not have the foundation of Americans, and can train a large number of qualified air crew members in a short time.
The difficulty of training a bomber pilot is higher than that of a fighter pilot. A large number of air crews is still quite difficult for Chinese with a weak foundation. The increasingly fierce anti-aircraft fire of the Japanese forced the Anti-Japanese Union to improve its methods of rescuing the pilots. Otherwise, the Anti-United Nations, which is still quite weak, really cannot afford the war damage of the United States and Britain, and the bomber groups of the Anti-United Nations are all in the Sea of Japan, and once the plane is shot down, especially on the Japanese mainland, it is basically equivalent to a permanent loss. Under the condition that the foundation is weak, how to rescue the aircrew members of the downed plane as much as possible and reduce certain losses has become a problem that must be faced after the Anti-Japanese Union expands its bombing of Japan.
Yang Zhen negotiated on the basis of the original several American-made Catarina seaplanes, and seven Sunderland large seaplanes obtained from the British, which were modified to a certain extent. The cabin was completely overhauled, two fuel tanks equipped with self-sealing and armor protection were installed, and at the same time a detachable manual refueling equipment was installed.
A five-meter-long seamless steel pipe sticking out from the tail of the machine is used as a rigid refueling pipe. It is specially deployed about 700 kilometers away from the Japanese mainland and used as a water tanker. If a small search aircraft deployed at the front of the line needs to be refueled, they are to immediately proceed to the designated rendezvous point for refueling.
Nearly 100 small seaplanes, such as Kingfishers, Ducks, and Goose seaplanes, which were short-range but rather light and even had a certain amount of self-defense firepower, were brought in from the Americans to search for parachuted pilots. As the bombing campaign unfolds, it unfolds along the west coast of Japan to rescue parachuting pilots.
Although these light seaplanes do not have a large carrying capacity, their own range is not enough to support a round trip from the base area to the west coast of Japan. If these light aircraft were to be relied on, they would be able to follow the bomber group, but they would not be able to complete the return flight, and the number of people that could be loaded on each aircraft was even more limited.
However, these light seaplanes have a lightweight, flexible body, which can effectively evade Japanese observation posts, and can take an ultra-low-altitude flight mode to avoid radar detection that has begun to be deployed one after another. Although its airborne self-defense firepower could not compete with Japanese fighters, it did not have the slightest room to fight back.
These small seaplanes were used as first-line rescue, with large seaplanes deployed on the second line as a liaison transfer point and refueling point tactics. It is much safer than deploying large seaplanes directly off the west coast of Japan. At least there will be no rescue planes, but people need to be rescued.
The Sunderland Seaplane is a British-built large four-engine water transport aircraft with a range of more than 4,300 kilometers. When fully loaded, the range can reach more than 2,800 kilometers. The body is extremely strong, and the firepower for self-defense is not weak. The maximum load capacity of three tons is not comparable to that of a transport aircraft.
However, the advantage of being able to take off and land at any time at sea level was incomparable with the C47 transport plane, the main transport aircraft of the Anti-United Nations at that time. In terms of long-range carrying capacity, it far exceeds the American-made Catarina seaplane. After the modification of the Anti-Japanese Union, these Sunderland seaplanes can be completely carried out at a distance of 500 kilometers from the coast of the Sea of Japan when there is no strong wind, and can take on the task of supporting rescue operations.
The Sunderland is used as a refueling aircraft for light seaplanes, deployed in the second line as a receiving aircraft, and as a temporary marine refueling point. Light seaplanes, which are nimble and have much smaller targets, are used as the main force of front-line rescue. This is the main rescue method adopted by the Anti-Japanese Union during the entire air raid on Japan, in the absence of ships.
These light planes are sent in a formation of six planes, and three to five formations are dispatched at a time to refuel and rescue each other, which plays a far greater role than simply using large seaplanes for rescue. At the same time, the large number of aircraft dispatched at one time means that the scope and density of the search are also much larger.
In each formation, three goose planes capable of carrying eight people were adopted as the main force of the rescue. A canard seaplane, for vigilance and search aircraft. Another Kingfisher seaplane, which was used as a protection formation aircraft. And on the periphery of the search formation, there was also a Katarina seaplane, which served as a support and command aircraft.
Even if these light planes were captured by Japanese fighters, the loss of one shot down was far less than that of a large seaplane. In consideration of the problem of coordination, the radio equipment of all seaplanes has been modified to effectively communicate with the second-line receiving aircraft at any time.
Moreover, every time the Anti-Japanese Union went out, it sent two to five B17 bombers, carrying only a small number of bombs and flares. He does not penetrate deep into Japanese territory, but only circles the west coast of Japan to assist in the search for pilots who have skydived. And always be ready to attack and encounter Japanese ships to ensure the success of the rescue.
At the same time, all crew members of each bomber were equipped with orange life vests and flare guns to indicate the target of the rescue aircraft. Even a considerable number of pilots were equipped with telescopes at the rank of non-commissioned officer of the Japanese army, which had the largest number of captures on the battlefield, to cooperate with air rescue. And repeatedly told all the air crew members participating in the war to insist on parachuting to the west coast as much as possible.