The treaty cruiser, as a second-class capital ship, has been severely limited by the treaty since its inception. Historically, and in this plane, the tonnage of a single ship of treaty cruisers was not very surplus. This is dictated by his mission. First of all, the cruiser needed to have a high speed in order to have a chance to run away in front of the battleship, and with the development of technology, the speed of the battleship was constantly increasing, and the speed of new ships in Europe by the 2nd World War in history was around 30 knots. The Ricelleu can even run up to 32 knots at its maximum output! Even the slower American battleships had around 27 knots. So the speed of the cruiser had to be high. Historically, the Japanese Navy had higher requirements for the speed of the cruiser, because in the Japanese Navy's battle plan, the cruiser was to lead the lightning strike team to attack at high speed, and at this time speed became a very important factor, so that the Japanese installed the cruiser with a power comparable to that of a battleship! What is the concept of a 10,000-ton cruiser with 150,000 horsepower? The fastest speed is around 37 knots!

The second is the defense problem, in fact, this problem can be seen in the pursuit of high speed derivative problems, if you want to have a high speed, you need a lot of horsepower, and a lot of horsepower needs boilers and turbines. And these things obviously cannot be left without protection, and then it is required that the armor belt can cover the power compartment and weapons. So let's look at the problem, look at the length of the cruiser in the 2 wars in history, the short heavy cruiser is 180 meters. The longer ones are even up to 200 meters! You know, the Queen Elizabeth-class battleships and Bavaria-class battleships in World War 1 are less than 200 meters long! In terms of the length of the armored box, the cruiser was actually on the same level as the length of the 1 battleship. But how much tonnage is the latter. How many tons is the former? It's too difficult under the limit of 10,000 tons.

WHAT'S EVEN MORE TRAGIC IS THAT THE ARTILLERY PENETRATION DEPTH OF WAR II HAS ALSO MADE GREAT PROGRESS, FOR EXAMPLE, JAPAN'S 8-INCH L50 MAIN GUN CAN PENETRATE 150MM VERTICAL ARMOR WITHIN 15,000 METERS. In fact, this distance is already relatively far for an 8-inch gun, and if the distance is shortened, it will be more frightening to wear deep. As for one of the 8-inch guns of the 2nd World War with the most vertical penetration, Prince Eugen's 8-inch guns were almost impossible to defend. As a result, almost all the ships in the 2 battles could not effectively defend themselves against their own 8-inch guns.

To sum up, under the premise of ensuring speed, the attack power of the 8-inch guns of the treaty cruisers is much greater than the defensive power, so even the best designed cruisers in history cannot fully guarantee that the waterline armor can withstand the attack of the 8-inch guns. What the? How about lightning protection, you ask? For the vast majority of treaty cruisers, this thing is more a matter of luck than of their own defense. If you hit the power compartment with a shot, you can hardly leave. But if you blow up to the bow or stern of the ship, you can make do with it. Therefore, one of the major characteristics of the treaty cruiser was that even if the attack was more than enough, the defense was insufficient. It's all crispy!

And this plane. Although the tonnage has increased, the caliber of artillery has also increased! The tonnage has increased by 50%, but the caliber of the artillery has increased by 2 inches! The situation of strong offense and weak defense has not changed, and the situation of demanding higher speed still exists. Therefore, the problems encountered by treaty cruisers in this plane are essentially not much different from those in history. It's just that the ship is a little bigger. Although it is difficult to design a good cruiser, it is also necessary to do it, and many countries in history have their own understanding of cruisers. A large number of treaty cruisers were built. And naturally, there will be some very beneficial designs.

As a traverser from the navy, Xu Jie is still more interested in cruisers, especially heavy cruisers, and some successful designs in history can be used in this plane, after all, the use is the same, but the tonnage is larger. Then before designing your own cruiser. Xu Jie needs to analyze the cruisers of various countries in history and find the advantages and disadvantages from them.

Let's start with the British. Historically, British cruisers left the title of tin ship, and the meaning is very clear, that is, the protection is too poor. At least before the modification, the protection was quite sad. It's not fast either, as for the artillery, that's it. So in general, the cruisers designed by the British were relatively mediocre in performance. The evaluation of the American cruisers is also relatively average, and the armor of Baltimore is better on paper, but the armor belt is still narrow. And the tonnage of Baltimore is also a little high, as for Des Moines, this cargo is no longer a treaty cruiser, and if the tonnage is sufficient, the Americans can naturally build it at will, so it does not have much to learn from. (The author doesn't know much about American treaty cruisers, so he won't say much.) ）

As for Germany? First of all, it should be noted that almost all of the German 2nd World War heavy patrols exceeded the treaty tonnage limit, (in fact, the treaty heavy patrols exceeded a little bit of the standard, but they could not exceed too much.) And Germany also did not have a limit on the tonnage of cruisers. So whether it's Admiral Sipel or Prince Eugen or something, the tonnage is on the large side, and you say that the tonnage is larger, so it's a good thing to have a high combat effectiveness, but unfortunately, the defense of the Sipel-class armored cruiser with a standard displacement of 14,000 tons is completely sorry for his tonnage, and the thickness of the outer armor is 80MM and then there is a 50MM dome armor behind. What is the concept of 80MM, the 6-inch level gun can penetrate it at a distance of 20,000 meters, although there is still dome armor behind, but it is naturally not a good thing for the waterline to be beaten into a sieve by CL's main gun, and even if you rely on dome armor, it is also a question whether you can block the 8-inch gun, and more importantly, this cargo is too heavy!

The best treaty cruisers that can really be completed are the following classes, the French Algiers-class heavy cruisers, the Italian Zara-class cruisers and the Duke of Abruzzi-class cruisers, the Japanese Myoko heavy cruisers built after the Myoko, and the top-class heavy cruisers converted from light cruisers to heavy cruisers.

FOR EXAMPLE, JAPAN'S TOP-CLASS CRUISERS, THE POWER COMPARTMENT IS 100MM ARMOR WITH AN INCLINATION OF 20 DEGREES, WHICH CAN BE USED TO DEFEND AGAINST 6-INCH GUNS, WHILE THE AMMUNITION COMPARTMENT IS ARMOR WITH A 140MM INCLINATION OF 20 DEGREES, BECAUSE OF THE LARGE ANGLE. Therefore, it has the ability to resist the attack of 8-inch artillery. THE ITALIANS' RAZA-CLASS CRUISER IS A 150MM THICK VERTICAL MAIN ARMAMENT, AND THE WHEEL DEFENSE SHOULD BE BETWEEN THE DEFENSE OF THE POWER COMPARTMENT AND THE DEFENSE OF THE AMMUNITION DEPOT. 150MM VERTICAL ARMOR AGAINST 8-INCH SHELLS IS STILL RELATIVELY POOR. It depends on the angle of incidence. As for Algiers, the vertical protection of this ship is really inferior to that of the Japanese and Italian ships, and it is not as good as all-round ones. HOWEVER, THESE MAY BE EVEN WORSE THAN THE DUKE-CLASS LIGHT CRUISERS OF THE ABRUZZI, BECAUSE THIS BATTLESHIP ADOPTS AN ADVANCED DESIGN CONCEPT OF QUILT CAPS, FIRST WITH 30MM ARMOR ON THE OUTSIDE TO DESTROY THE ARMOR-PIERCING SHELLS, AND THEN 100MM ARMOR ON THE INSIDE TO HELP BLOCK SHELLS. SUCH A DESIGN AND PROTECTION EFFECT SHOULD BE HIGHER THAN THAT OF THE TOP 140MM INCLINED ARMOR.

THEN THERE IS HORIZONTAL PROTECTION, AND IN THIS REGARD, THE ITALIAN ZARA-CLASS CRUISERS ARE 20MM AT THE UPPER LEVEL AND THEN 70MM AT THE MAIN LEVEL. And the horizontal protection of the Japanese cruisers was relatively poor. THE TOP POWER COMPARTMENT IS 35MM HORIZONTAL ARMOR, ABOVE THE AMMUNITION MAGAZINE IS 40MM ARMOR, AND OF COURSE THERE ARE 20MM DS STEEL PLATES ON THE UPPER DECK. IT IS NATURALLY NOT GOOD TO COMPARE WITH THE MAIN HORIZONTAL THICKNESS OF 70MM IN A SINGLE LAYER OF THE RAZA LEVEL. And the main level of protection in Algiers is comparable to that of Laza.

Finally, there are two types of underwater protection. One is anti-torpedo. The other is waterproof bullet, in this comparison, Raza knelt down, while the top class heavy cruisers and Algiers-class heavy cruisers can be said to have their own merits, the Japanese cruisers pay great attention to the defense of underwater bullets, the main equipment of the Mogami extends to the bottom of the ship, the layout is similar to Yamato, and its mine armor thickness is 60 to 30MM. This thickness can already constitute a certain defense against 8-inch shells in the water, while the Algiers class has better defense against torpedoes. The depth of the underwater protection system of this class of French cruisers can reach 3.5 meters! In terms of torpedo protection under the same conditions, no treaty cruiser could compare with Algiers.

IN GENERAL, THE CRUISERS OF THE ITALIANS HAD A CLEAR ADVANTAGE IN TERMS OF THE TOTAL THICKNESS OF THEIR ARMOR, AND THE 150MM MAIN ARMAMENT COVERING TURRETS FROM TURRETS A TO TURRETS D D WAS REALLY FORMIDABLE AND DOMINEERING. At the same time, horizontal armor protection is also first-class. The Japanese Navy, on the other hand, has its own advantages compared to the Italian Zara class due to the preservation of inclined armor. Horizontal protection is weak, but underwater bomb protection is excellent. And the French's Algiers-class cruisers were first-class in terms of horizontal protection and first-class depth of underwater defense. (It should be noted that the protection of the other heavy cruisers of the French can only be described as sad, and it is Algiers who can really get their hands on it-!) The total weight of Algiers' armor reached more than 2600 tons, which was almost 1000 tons heavier than the French cruisers of the previous class! ）

As for motivation? No one can match the speed of the Japanese cruisers, like Mogami, which is more than 200 meters long, only 18 meters wide, and has a length-to-width ratio of more than 10 like a narrow sword, coupled with up to 150,000 horsepower, so that the speed of this battleship is far behind cruisers of the same class. In a sea trial, the most advanced cruiser with a displacement of 12,669 tons actually ran a speed of 35.96 knots with an output of 154,000 horsepower, although it was a little far from the expected speed of 37 knots, but this speed was proud enough. Comparatively speaking, the Frenchman's Algiers, his speed was about 33 knots, which was about 3 knots behind the Japanese cruisers.

SPEAKING OF WEAPONS, IN FACT, THE SIGNIFICANCE OF BORROWING IS VERY LIMITED, BECAUSE THE MAIN GUNS OF LIGHT CRUISERS IN THIS ERA ARE CAPPED AT 175MM. The heavy cruiser is capped with a 10-inch main gun, and the 8-inch main gun is a bit high or low. Some famous 8-inch guns in history may be about to disappear into the long river of history, such as the German 8-inch L60, and the 8-inch gun with ultra-high rate of fire called the 8-inch machine gun on the German Main. The cruisers of the Huaxia Navy will naturally arm themselves with weapons of the highest standard, so the Huaxia Navy began research work on the 175MML55 main gun and the 10-inch L50MM main gun.

Thanks to the book friends zhouyu1976, hukaikaka, and Daxia 0007 for their tips~~~, and the book friend smyhe783 for their monthly pass support ~~~~. (To be continued......)