Family and country feelings, personal morality, may be able to restrain a while, but can not restrain a lifetime, the real like-minded, in fact, is also the same interests of everyone, this has to lead the person is not greedy and rational.

Judging the match was silent for a long time at this time, he judged Nan's intelligence, and naturally understood what Chen Xi meant, but how could the family always be in step with the country, after all, when the interests of the country and the interests of the family conflicted, some could be reconciled and some could not be reconciled.

For example, the probation system implemented today was good at the beginning, but with the development of the times, the probation system has been controlled by the family, and it will even evolve into the "Nine Grades Zhongzheng System" that completely consolidates the power of the family after a few decades.

The main feature of the probationary system is that the local governor inspects and selects talents at any time in the area under his jurisdiction, and appoints officials after probation and assessment.

The predecessor of the Shiguan system was the Shiqing Shilu system implemented in the Xia, Shang and Western Zhou dynasties; By the time of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, various countries changed their laws and began to reform the old system, and in order to enrich the country and strengthen the army, they made an exception by appointing some people with low status and outstanding talents.

During the Warring States Period, there was a system of military merit, and the style of raising soldiers arose, and the powerful recruited talented and eloquent talents, regardless of their origin, to serve the monarch and princes, and in the Qin Dynasty, they were selected based on the cultivation of fields and military merits, forming a hereditary official system.

In the Han Dynasty, in order to meet the needs of rule, a complete set of systems for selecting and promoting officials began to be established, called the inspection system; Probation is a bottom-up system for selecting talents, also known as elections; Since Gaozu Liu Bang first asked for the edict of the virtuous, requiring the counties to have the ability to govern the country of the wise man doctor, this move opened the precedent of the inspection system, after the Hui Emperor, Lu Hou during the reign of the edict of filial piety brother Litian, the selected person was often rewarded, and exempted from all servitude, to the time of Emperor Wen, and the three elders were the same county and county in charge of the township officials, became a quota, and the inspection began to have subjects.

The Han Dynasty inspection system, strictly speaking, began with Emperor Wen, and he issued an edict to require: those who are virtuous and upright and can speak outright; And set the countermeasures and rankings.

During the reign of Emperor Wu, the probationary system was perfected, and various regulations were introduced one after another, and after that, various subjects were constantly enriched, especially with unified selection standards and examination methods.

Initially, the examination is an important part of the probation system, and the selected person is hired only after the examination, which not only ensures that the selection criteria can be implemented, selects real talents, but also ensures the relative fairness of the competition, so that the poor also have the possibility of going further.

The number of subjects to be examined has increased from less to more; The increase in subjects, especially special subjects, was created in response to the need for specialized personnel.

These subjects are uniformly determined by the emperor, and according to the classification of the period, the subjects of probation can be divided into two categories: age and special subjects.

There are four elements of filial piety, Maocai (Xiucai), Chalian (incorruptible), and Guanglu; Special departments are further divided into common special departments and general special departments.

Among the above-mentioned subjects, the age subject is the first, among which filial piety is the most important, and the special subject is the most important.

Emperor Wen asked to be virtuous and square, Emperor Wu asked to raise filial piety, this is a landmark event in the history of inspection, if classified according to the four standards, with "virtue" as the main filial piety, filial piety and honesty, filial piety, filial piety, Dunhou and other subjects; Ariake Law Course, which focuses on "grammar"; There are subjects such as "talent", "Drama", "Brave and Brave Knowledge", "Ming Yin and Yang Disasters", and "Taoism", but all subjects are based on "virtue" and "Confucianism" in learning.

This gives the Maison room to maneuver and gradually squeeze out the upward channel.

In the inspection of the regular department, filial piety is the most important subject, but also the most people, filial piety, began in the first year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty Yuanguang, filial piety was not a regular branch at first, was not valued, and later filial piety was stipulated as the year of the regular department, only to be valued, gradually important.

Filial piety and honesty have the meaning of "filial piety and honest officials"; Filial piety means honoring one's parents; Honesty refers to honesty and diligence, which is a common requirement for officials.

Those who raise filial piety and honesty are basically most of the scholars who are familiar with Confucianism or the children of Haoqiang, and after raising filial piety and honesty, they have a great future and are promoted quickly.

Officials who were born in filial piety, like the imperial examination scholars of later generations, were considered to be on the right path and clear stream, and were very valued.

At first, the filial piety was based on the county, but in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Emperor He adopted the suggestions of Ding Hong and Liu Fang and changed it to the population; The population of the county is less than 100,000, and the age of three is filial piety; One person under 200,000 years old, one person at 200,000 years old; two hundred thousand for the sake of the four; up to 1,200,06 people.

The border remote counties were appropriately relaxed, and with the increasing number of filial piety, Zuo Xiong's suggestion was adopted to limit the age to 40 years old and above, but this year-limited law was abolished soon after it was implemented.

Filial piety is the threshold in the probation system, and there are also various kinds, such as Maocai.

Xiucai, who was originally one of the years of Chaju, was changed to Maocai in order to avoid the light of Emperor Wu Liu Xiu, which originated in the fifth year of Emperor Wu's Yuanfeng.

Emperor Guangwu Jianwu 12 years of the edict: the three princes to raise Maocai each one, supervise the imperial history, the division, the state pastor, the age of Maocai each one, after the year for the year, often with filial piety and honesty, indicating its importance.

The difference is that filial piety is the county, and Mao is the state, so the number is less for the latter and more for the former, and there are only about 20 people in the 12 years of Jianwu.

Maocai is mostly the current officials, such as the Western Han Dynasty's Maocai Xiao Xian is the prime minister's history, these current officials after Maocai, because of their high qualifications, many used as county orders (thousand stones); Filial piety is mostly Lang official (600 stones).

However, some people later operated well, first raising filial piety and honesty, and then promoting Maocai, and then prospering in official fortune.

Filial piety and honesty are the main control areas of the family, that is, the family, and there is another subject that is the foundation of Haoqiang: honest officials.

Honest officials are also one of the years of probation, and the meaning of probation is to inspect and promote honest officials, and those who are promoted as honest officials are mostly low-level officials, and after being promoted, they are promoted according to their original positions; Those who are filial and honest generally enter the court as officials, which is the main difference.

Honest officials are generally limited to officials who eat up to 600 stones, while filial piety is open to all officials.

In addition to the age department, there are also special subjects, that is, some subjects that are temporarily opened, such as the four elements of Guanglu.

Began in the spring and February of the first year of Emperor Yongguang of the Yuan Dynasty: the prime minister, the imperial history of the simple, generous, humble, and the walker, Guanglu was an official in this Kedilang.

Simplicity, generosity, humility, and thrift are the four virtues, and they are also the selection criteria for the four elements of Guanglu; The lord of the four elements of Guanglu is the prime minister and the imperial history, and the person who is lifted is the subordinate official of Guangluxun.

When Emperor Wu, he changed the Lang Zhong Decree to place Guanglu Xun, in charge of the palace guards and attendants, and the subordinate officials were Guanglu Doctor, Dazhong Doctor, Counselor, etc., with the above four qualities, usually some loyal and simple people, they served honestly, there were no outstanding achievements, and they were not promoted for a long time, so this section was set up, and one or two people were selected from among them every year to be promoted, which was actually the emperor to promote some of the people he valued, and the special subjects only looked at morality.

The monarch often hopes that there will be some ministers who are impartial and outspoken, who can point out their own shortcomings in order to better govern the country, so there is a virtuous and virtuous department in the probation system.

The virtuous and virtuous Fangzheng Branch was placed in the second year of Emperor Wen, with the purpose of accepting the world's dialects, that is, to widely listen to the opinions of the national government; The virtuous and good Fangzheng department is very wide, including the central and local high-ranking officials, princes, three dukes, generals, two thousand stones, state pastors, county guards, etc., the people who are lifted in this section are all presided over by the emperor himself, according to the rank of the official, the high one has a straight for the nine Qing, this section is also a subject of the emperor's sacred heart dictatorship, more than Taoists.

There is also a special subject called the Department of Virtuous Literature; The selection of talents in this subject not only pays attention to moral cultivation, but also pays attention to cultural quality, the meaning of virtuous is both virtue and virtue, the selection criteria of this subject are: both moral and literary talents, and has a good academic background, this subject is awarded to the world-famous Wenzong, there have been many celebrities, such as Chao Cuo, Dong Zhongshu, Gongsun Hong, etc., the status is prominent, and the achievements are outstanding.

The special department also has a long-term advice department, which is mainly awarded to ministers who dare to point out the shortcomings of those who are in high positions and put forward suggestions and strategies for governing the country, which are often called ministers.

This subject is generally not an independent subject, but is connected with the virtuous and square, for the outspoken people, should have a fair and selfless character, selfless can be fearless, dare to commit, and even put their own lives out of the way, so there is a later "Wenchen death advice" saying.

There is a subject in the special department for filial piety and Litian, which began in the fourth year of Emperor Huidi, and sometimes it is divided into two subjects, because these are two virtues.

Filial piety was proposed by Confucius, filial piety is filial piety to parents, and filial piety is respect for elder brothers, these are two noble qualities, because they can make the social order harmonious and stable.

As for Litian, because it is an agricultural society, agriculture is the foundation, and agriculture is the foundation of life, so it is hoped that the people will be diligent in farming, so that the family will be sufficient, and the country will be prosperous.

Since Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty respected Confucianism, the classics specifically referred to the Confucian classics, and then the Ming classics were specially established as a subject, indicating the importance of the political status of the classics.

The Han Dynasty governed the country with both Confucianism and law, and when selecting officials, both Confucian students who were proficient in Confucianism and those who were familiar with laws and regulations were selected.

Emperor Wu raised four disciplines of talents, of which the third section is the Ming Xi Decree, which is enough to resolve doubts, which is the beginning of the establishment of the Ming Law Department.

Dong Zhongshu, a self-consuming Confucian, advocated the theory of heaven and man's induction, believing that the joy and anger of heaven and the heart of sorrow and happiness are consistent with people; Heaven has yin and yang, people also have yin and yang, heaven and man are similar, heaven can intervene in personnel, human behavior can also sense heaven, natural disasters and auspiciousness, indicating the condemnation and reward of people by heaven.

Most of the monarchs and ministers believed that the yin and yang disasters were closely related to national politics, so they set up a section of the Ming Yin and Yang disasters in the special department of the inspection to select relevant talents.

In the Han Dynasty, the special subjects in the examination subjects naturally also had a place for martial artists, such as the brave and fierce knowledge of war; Brave in combat and familiar with the art of war, able to lead the army to fight, this is the talent selected by this section.

This section began in the first year of Emperor Cheng Yuanyan, this year there was a solar eclipse, Emperor Cheng was afraid that the world would change, and issued an edict: one person each of the twenty-two counties in the north who knew the art of war.

The original intention of each subject of the inspection system is good, but with the evolution of the times, the gradual emphasis on virtue is important, how this virtue, the people can not preach, only the scholars to spread the reputation, and gradually controlled by the scholars.

In the reign of Emperor Heng, there was even a nursery rhyme:

Show talent, don't know books.

Filial piety and honesty, the father does not live.

Cold vegetarian is as white and muddy as mud,

Gaudian will be as timid as a chicken.

The Maocai recommended by local officials to the imperial court did not understand the classics at all, and those filial piety who were famous for their filial piety were really driven out of the house by their parents and had nothing to rely on.

And those who are honest and honest in the so-called poor family are even more morally corrupt, and their low morals are as disgusting as sludge.

The children of the recommended scholars and those brave generals are actually cowardly and dare not take responsibility, and their courage is as small as a chicken.

Nowadays, this has become the general trend of the world, the family is strong and actually controls the world, Heng, the emperor, the Ling Emperor all want to change, support relatives and eunuchs, set off a "war", known as the "disaster of the party".

This war was named after the eunuchs who imprisoned the scholars for life on the charge of "party members", and there were two before and after, and both times the disaster of the party ended with the defeat of the anti-eunuch group, and the anti-eunuch group of scholars and doctors was severely dealt a blow, and the party members were suppressed.

Among them, the emperor has been pulling the bias, which is the most important reason, of course, the speech and historians are more sympathetic to the scholar and the party, which is of course normal, after all, the people who control the speech and those historians have actually always been in the same vein as the party, they are scholars at this time, families, and heroes, and later scholars.

Since the Yellow Turban Rebellion, Zhang Ju, Zhang Chun and others rebelled, and the rebellion of the White Wave Army, this series of rebellions swept across the north and the Central Plains, laying the groundwork for the final demise of the Han Dynasty.

Of course, their purpose may not have been to bring about the destruction of the Han Dynasty at first, it may have been just to fight for power and profit, and it may have been just dissatisfied with the results of the two party struggles.

But in the end, a chaotic era that swept the world, nearly a hundred years of turmoil before and after, since Emperor Guangwu re-established the Han Dynasty for more than a hundred years of peace, the population that gave birth to and raised was all buried.

This is an extremely cruel history, the beginning of this troubled era, Yang Yi wants to try to see if he can be directly killed from the source, the first step is to sweep all the families in Youzhou and Jizhou into the garbage heap.

Uproot the rule of the family, enter the township with the dock fort system, upload it directly, reduce the links in the middle, let the heroes who profit from the middle also perish together, and directly pull out the hidden households of the powerful family, so that they lose the foundation of turmoil.

If you continue to do this, it will definitely be a lot of people, but if you don't do this, then it will be the troubled times of the next hundred years, although this world is only three years, but to some extent, it is also real.

Yang Yi dared to make this decision, she had the consciousness and ability to take responsibility, and she also had some like-minded subordinates.

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