Chao for Tian Shelang, twilight to the Tianzi Hall.

No one has heard of the cold window for ten years, and he has become famous all over the world in one fell swoop!

In the past, the imperial examination can be called the Mark Six lottery, before the list, you never know what your ranking is, even if you are a scholar, you don't dare to pack a ticket to be foolproof.

Once Zhang Bang, Lianzhong Sanyuan, the palace test of the imperial capital Forbidden City, the champion of the big winner Jinke Lang out of the Daming Gate, take the royal road--- such etiquette can only be enjoyed by the emperor, and even the first assistant of the extremely human minister does not have this right, this is the country's preferential treatment of scholars, he inserts golden flowers on his head, praises horses in the royal street, and is unparalleled in glory!

The second rank of Jinshi, even if it is the same Jinshi as the third class, is a Jinshi, and since then he has entered the upper class and enjoyed various privileges.

Now, there is no more title on the gold list, out of the honor of the Ming Gate, the Ming Dynasty unified the "civil official examination" to promote officials, but whether it is located in the capital or the provincial civil official examination, even if it is the first place in the examination, there is no longer the previous treatment.

Moreover, after the examination, although there are civil officials in the ministry, but without the establishment of the Hanlin Academy, if you want to further approve, you must have a resume in the local office.

Originally, the top performers of the imperial examination system generally entered the Hanlin Academy, which belonged to the future cabinet ministers, and they were extremely noble, and many Hanlin embarked on the direct train of bachelors ---- scholars, and entered the cabinet, which was often much faster than the process of local officials to the central government.

There is no such thing as a war to determine the country, and the prime minister must start from the state department, and all the civil officials take office, without any masters, long-term followers, and a lot of disciples, but do their own practice, and the master of Shaoxing is laid off!

Although the Jinshi did not have the former glory, the sudden rise of the civil service class recruited ten times the number of people before!

Compared with the former Ming, the new Ming had more wealth, more and more civil official positions, and the number of hires was ten times that of the Jinshi, and it was constantly growing.

The content of the examination has also changed from pure Chinese studies to half Chinese studies and half miscellaneous studies, including science, economics, political science, history, law, mathematics, etc., and later subdivided into more majors.

In this way, the imperial examination system that began since the Sui Dynasty was changed beyond recognition, and the former Hanlin Academy became a "history museum" for people to cherish!

The reform is not only the imperial examination system, but also the reform of the army, the establishment of the General Staff of the Ming Empire Army, the composition of which are all professional soldiers, in charge of military orders, there will never be the kind of big flickering of the past civil ministers in military affairs, and the military department is in charge of military affairs, which is directly controlled by the imperial court, not managed by the cabinet.

The army is divided into three levels: regular soldiers, local complete armies, and militias, all regular soldiers are provided by the imperial court, and the local garrison army is paid by the imperial court and the local government in proportion, but the militia is provided by the imperial court.

Compared with before, the imperial court gave a lot more military spending, and the imperial court developed the economy and became rich!

The great economic reform, the Ming Dynasty has been suffering from officials and craftsmen for a long time, and it must be changed!

The Ming Dynasty craftsmen are divided into governmental, craftsman, and silver on behalf of the law, they have entered the craftsman register, and they have been craftsmen for generations, and they are not allowed to change careers.

The official craftsmen were originally under the supervision of the internal officials in the 24 yamen of the inner court. He is in charge of ten lines, including wood, stone, tower, timber, eastbound, westbound, paint, and gunpowder. All the country construction and the inner court have these, as well as the workshops and workshops of the household department.

It is made by the state to pay the materials, and the craftsmen and officials make it.

For example, if you need gunpowder and muskets to go to the army, where can you get them?

It's not looking for the military department, but looking for TJ, the gunpowder and musket supervisor is TJ, those dead TJs love money the most, which general has not been exploited by them all the way, the general who gives money will take good equipment, and the general who has no money will be deducted from the equipment, and the less will be inferior, how can this battle be fought!

Originally, these workshops and workshops were in Nanjing, and most of them moved to Beijing after Chengzu moved the capital, and Jiashen changed, and the Nanjing workshop proliferated, with tens of thousands of officials and craftsmen, who were initially TJ tubes, and then successively handed over to the household department, and finally the imperial court announced the abolition of government-run workshops and workshops, and all officials and craftsmen were released to freedom and included in the civil register.

Some officials were worried that the former craftsmen would not be able to survive without their care, but in fact the craftsmen generally lived well, and the Ming Dynasty's infrastructure investment allowed them to get a lot of work and not worry about not being able to support themselves and their families.

Second assistant Yang Tiansheng said: "What we want to do is to give them opportunities, the leader once said that we Chinese are the most industrious people in the world, as long as we give them opportunities, they will strive to go upstream!" ”

That's right, the officials nodded their heads, even when they go back to their hometown in the countryside, they will grow vegetables and farm, and they won't be idle anyway!

Then there is the tea horse and salt method. In the old Ming Dynasty, tea and salt were monopolized by the government, and businessmen needed tea and salt to sell them. Originally, it was a large amount of government revenue, but later the officials were corrupt, and they could not collect tea tax and salt tax, and the public and wealthy families openly sold salt tea, and the government revenue became less and less, and private interests went into the hands of individuals.

For example, there is Longjing famous tea in Zhejiang, and only received tea tax but less than 100 taels of silver a year, which were smuggled and sold.

After he came to power, he immediately turned his face and denied people, and blatantly canceled the tea and salt monopoly system, and instead went to the salt and tea shops to collect taxes, and all salt and tea bought and sold must have invoices......

However, tea and salt have heavy profits, reaching one-tenth of the tax, but there are also benefits, if you pay the tax once, you don't have to pay it again, and it is common throughout the country!

During the war, the provinces set up cards everywhere and collected taxes everywhere. Crossing the road to give money, crossing the bridge to give money, and even transporting goods to Beijing, but also need to pay the entrance fee, that is, the centigold is not a commercial tax, the tax is paid to the state, the centigold is used for its own use, the levy is tyrannical, the goose is plucked, the country has no tax, how can it operate, and the merchants are miserable.

There is also forced labor, whether it is the people in the city or in the countryside, they have to repay the forced labor, that is, work for the state for free, and the people are miserable, so that the people change frequently.

Now there is no longer a conscription in the Ming Dynasty, and the work is paid by silver, which has attracted a large number of people to sign up for work!

The reform of the mining tax, which only levies taxes after the production of commodities enter the circulation market, is very reasonable, and plays a role in encouraging mining and expanding production.

The key to land reform and the heavy taxation of individuals who own more than 100 acres of land is that the society gives the people investment channels and encourages the people to develop production, and at the same time, there is a steady flow of silver from abroad, forming a virtuous circle.

More silver, less goods, as in Spain, caused social prices to skyrocket.

The lack of silver has caused a "silver shortage", deflation, and the people hide the silver, causing the society to even barter goods, causing great inconvenience.

There are also social welfare, and the Ming Dynasty is not as generous as the southeast, encouraging childbirth, and the cost of women and babies is fully covered, but it has also given considerable subsidies, and the "five-year compulsory system" for children to study is trial.

……

One reform after another, so that the Ming Dynasty like an old tree sprouted new branches, germinated amazing vitality, the imperial court and the private wealth increased, to achieve a win-win situation, population growth, the market is booming.

A college student stood up and asked, "Ask Ma Xiang, why can our reform succeed?" What is the main reason? ”

"That's because we have leaders!" Ma Shiying admitted!

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