What did Lin Yanchao talk about in his first class?

All the disciples couldn't help but look forward to it. Pen % fun % Pavilion www.biquge.info

Lin Yanchao stood in the hall and swept his eyes over everyone, took out a book first, and ordered Xu Huobo on the side to hold the book and let each protégé draw on the book.

Seeing this, the disciples couldn't help but feel a sense of novelty.

Lin Yanchao said to everyone: "This move is called sign-in, everyone worships under my door, and the schoolwork is always observed, if the time for the lecture cannot come, how can we talk about learning, this is also no rules." ”

"Yes, sir." All the disciples said that they were drawn on the book one by one.

Another disciple, Tao Wangling, brought a stone chime and put it on the lecture in front of Lin Yanchao.

After the disciples drew the mat, Tao Wangling and Xu Huobo sat on the left and right chairs on the side of the lecture, and then Lin Yanchao tapped the stone chime with a small hammer.

After a soft sound, the school hall returned to silence.

Lin Yanchao said: "Mencius once said, from Yao Shun to Tang, from Tang to King Wen, from King Wen to Confucius, each more than 500 years old, from Confucius to the present, more than 100 years old, to the world of saints, if this is not far away. Mencius said that he had learned the system, which was passed down by Yao Shun, Tang, King Wen, and Confucius. ”

Zhu Zi once said that Zhou Zi, Ercheng, got Kong, Meng Buchuan, and Zhu Zi got Ercheng. It is based on the scientific system of Mencius, Zhouzi, Ercheng, and Zhuzi, and regards the academic system as the Taoist system, and respects the science as the authentic Confucianism. ”

And Lu Xiangshan Yan because of reading the book Mencius, everything is prepared for me, and I have a comprehension, and the Tao of Confucius's learning is the son of Si, Zi Si is the transmission of Mencius, and what he learned is Mencius, so the system of mind is also inherited from Mencius. Then it is well known that Mr. Yang Ming inherited the unity of Lu Xiangshan and carried forward the study of mind. ”

When all the scholars heard Lin Yanchao's words, they didn't know why.

Isn't Lin Yanchao talking about merit? How to talk about science, the Tao of mind is coming. If Lin Yanchao talks about this, then any of the grandmasters of science and mind will be several times better than Lin Yanchao.

But Lin Yanchao continued: "There are clouds in Mr. Hengqu's four sentences of Hengqu, for the sake of continuing the saint's learning, and opening peace for all generations. What sages have learned from some people's words and deeds? There is nothing to undertake in its academic system, and it is almost a Legalist out of thin air, do you think so? ”

After listening to this sentence, everyone understood.

What Lin Yanchao wants to say is the academic system of merit, and it is also the Taoist system.

During the Warring States Period, hundreds of schools of thought contended, except for the Legalists who advocated looking at the future, the rest of the doctrines such as Confucius and Mo Laozhuang, Confucianism and Taoism were all looking to the past.

They admired the rule of the previous kings, and felt that the chaos of the Warring States period originated from the ancient people's hearts, so they all wanted to restore the simple folk customs of the ancestors, so each school said that they had inherited the learning of the ancestors, so they taught the Taoism.

Only the Legalists ruled the lawless kings, and Shang Ying said that if the world is not governed together, the country will be lawless. Therefore, Tang Wu did not follow the ancient times and became kings, and Xia Yin died with no courtesy. Therefore, Legalism advocates the rule of lawlessness and the ancients, and advocates resolute reform, because history is constantly progressing, not immutable.

Therefore, among the Confucian and Modao families, the Dufa family does not talk about inheritance.

The Yongjia school seems to have emerged out of thin air in the Southern Song Dynasty, but it says that it is a line of Confucianism, which is a little unconvincing. In addition, the Yongjia school advocates merit, advocates changing the law to strengthen the country, and its thinking is close to Legalism, so it is considered to be purely dressed in the skin of Confucianism, and it is still the same as Legalism.

Now that Lin Yanchao said where the system of merit and merit began, all the scholars were at a loss.

Lin Yanchao said: "The study of merit is a line of Confucianism, which was passed down from Confucius to Zigong and Zixia. ”

As soon as Lin Yanchao's words came out, it was as if thunder sounded in mid-air, and all the scholars woke up.

Everyone thinks that Confucianism was developed by Confucius, so it is not an exaggeration to push Confucius as the source, but Zigong, Zixia Qi's learning, how do we not know.

Although we don't read much, Lin Sanyuan, you can't fool people.

Seeing everyone's shocked looks, Lin Yanchao was not surprised at all: "Zhu Zi has a saying, although Zigong has not attained Taoism, but what he knows does not seem to be behind today. ”

This is Zhu Xi's words of praise for Zigong, saying that although Zigong did not attain Taoism, he also learned the learning of Confucius.

In fact, there is no need for Zhu Xi to talk about it, everyone also knows that the dialogue between Confucius and Zigong in the Analects is the most among the disciples, and Zigong is also the longest among the disciples.

Zigong's argument is also excellent, even Confucius admits that he is not as good as Zigong, in addition, Zigong is also good at doing things, and Confucius evaluates him as 'Da'. Among the disciples, Confucius paid tribute to Zi, second only to Yan Hui.

Lin Yanchao continued: "Zigong is the ancestor of Confucianism and business. Zhou Tianzi told the princes that the princes should kill live sheep and sacrifice when they received Shuo. Later, the monarch of Lu no longer had to tell Shuo's gift, Zigong proposed to remove the live sheep that was sacrificed, Confucius blamed Zigong, you cherish the sheep, but I cherish its gift. ”

Businessmen value profit and have always been despised by science.

However, the study of merit advocates the application of the world, the benefit of trade and industry, and opposes the policy of valuing agriculture and suppressing business. Therefore, Zigong is engaged in business and profit, and he is unreasonable to learn, but he is in line with the study of merit.

As for Zigong's desire to go to Shuo's gluttonous sheep, it shows that Zigong attaches importance to practicality and does not stick to the old etiquette, which is also the spirit of meritocracy.

Lin Yanchao said: "Although Zigong did not write a book and established a school, but looking at his deeds, he can also be regarded as a sage of merit and learning. ”

After listening to Lin Yanchao's explanation, everyone also agreed with Zigong's status.

"As for Zixia, after Confucius, he lectured on Xihe and taught three hundred disciples......"

Zixia is the personal biography of Confucius, and Zixia said in the Analects that great virtue is not more than idle, and small virtue can be in and out.

That is, morally, the major sections should be kept, but the small sections can be flexible.

“…… He also awarded King Wei Wen as the king's teacher, and also awarded Tian Zifang, Duan Ganmu, Wu Qi, Bird Slippery, and Li Kui...... Li Kui usurped the Law Sutra, and Shang Ying coerced the Dharma Sutra into the Qin ......"

Listening to Zixia's teaching experience, everyone couldn't help but admire, on the teaching experience, how awesome this is.

King Wen of Wei was comparable to Qin Xiaogong in the Warring States period, appointing Tian Zifang and Duan Ganmu of Confucianism, Wu Qi of Legalism, Li Kui as minister, and Confucian Legalist ministers and establishing a court to work together, and Wei prospered because of the change of law.

King Wen of Wei took Zixia as his teacher, and used Zixia's students Tian Zifang, Duan Ganmu, Wu Qi, and Li Kui as the backbone of the reform, which is equivalent to using his doctrine to govern the country.

In addition, Zixia's disciples Li Tian Zifang and Duan Ganmu inherited Confucianism, Yu Huali was the first disciple of Mozi, Wu Qi was a soldier and a Legalist, and the deeds of women and children were well known, so I won't say much, mainly Li Kui is still a Legalist.

Li Kui was one of the originators of Legalism, the Warring States Period, and the river of Chinese law change, and he wrote a book called the Book of Laws. Later, the Shang Dynasty coerced the law into Qin, and was reused by Qin Xiaogong and led the Qin State to change the law.

Legalists Li Kui and Shang Yang can be described as the study of Chengzi Xia.

Zixia's learning is the personal transmission of Confucius, but his learning is more important than the outside world in Confucianism, so it is different from Zisi and Zizhang, and has a different line in Confucianism.

Therefore, when everyone listened to Lin Yanchao's explanation, it made sense to call Zixia Qishi's work.

"Zigong, Zi Xia passed on Xunzi ......"

Hearing Lin Yanchao mention the name Xunzi, all the scholars said in their hearts, if there is really him.

Zigong and Zixia have no doctrines to be left for future generations, and they can only start from the words of others.

But Xunzi is different, he has a doctrine handed down, read his book and call Xunzi's learning the ancestor of the study of merit, then it is very suitable, it is undoubted.

Xunzi is similar to Mencius's time, but his ideas are completely different.

Xunzi's doctrine has been the most criticized by Confucian scholars throughout the ages, and some even advocate expelling him from the Confucian family. As for Lin Yanchao, he does not agree so much with Xunzi's theory of sexual evil, but his doctrine is indeed similar to the study of merit.

For example, Li Kui is a disciple of Zixia, and Shang Ying is a disciple of Zixia. The other two figures who are also prominent in the Legalist family, Han Fei and Li Si, are both employed by Xunzi.

Xunzi and Zixia, like Zixia, both inherited Confucius's 'learning of foreign kings'.

Xunzi said that Longli respects the virtuous and the king, values the law and loves the people and dominates; He also emphasized that etiquette is determined by morality, and the law can be divided, advocating the simultaneous use of etiquette and law, and the mixing of kings and tyrants.

Mencius advocated the 'first king of the law', Xunzi advocated the 'queen of the law', this argument is like the debate between Zhou Ziyi and Lin Yanchao, Zhou Ziyi said that the law is the law of the three generations of the first king, Lin Yanchao said that the three generations can be lawful, but the Qin Emperor and Han Wu, the Tang Dynasty and the Song ancestors can also be lawful.

Xunzi had been to the Qin State.

At that time, Confucius did not go west to Qin, but Xunzi spoke very highly of Qin, saying that the people, officials, and doctors of Qin all had ancient style, clear politics, as if no one was governing, almost ancient rule.

Xunzi also praised the rule of the Qin state, which means that the country is governed to the extent of the Qin state.

Others thought that Xunzi admired the Qin State under the rule of the Legalists, but as soon as Xunzi changed his words, he said that the Qin State was good at everything, but there was no Confucianism.

Xunzi also said that the pure and the king, the refutation and the hegemony, and the death of none of them, this is also Qin's shortcoming.

It is the way of national governance, either purely with the royal road, or the royal road with hegemony, how can you not die without Confucianism, this is what the Qin State lacks.

Disciple Li Si once said to Xunzi that the strength of the Qin State is because it does not rely on benevolence and righteousness, and it can do things like this.

Xunzi warned Li Si that he would give up benevolence and righteousness, which is to sacrifice the original and chase the end, and this is how the troubled times came.

Li Si didn't listen in the end, and still went west to Qin.

Speaking of this, an hour had passed since the corona was referring to, Lin Yanchao paused, signaled for a little rest, and left the Xuegong Hall by himself.

All the scholars listened to Lin Yanchao's eloquent words, and they all felt that there was truth in his words.

When discussing, everyone also summarized the theory of Taoism, if it is said that the Taoism of science is Zeng Shen, Zisi, Mencius, and later Cheng Zhu, they are the inner sage of Confucius.

Then the Taoist system of Shigong is Zigong, Zixia, Xunzi, and the study of foreign kings in Confucianism.

There is also humanity, and there is also the study of Confucianism and Taoism, and it seems that Wuwai is not created by Legalism, but by Legalism and Confucianism.

Everyone thinks there is some truth in this.

The scholars thought to themselves, then after Xunzi, the system of merit should be inherited by Mr. Longchuan's heart. Just as after Mencius, the school system was Zhou Zi in the Northern Song Dynasty, and Ercheng inherited.

Lin Yanchao returned to the school hall and knocked the stone chime.

After the stone chime sounded, all the scholars stopped talking.

Lin Yanchao preached again: "After Xunzi, the learning of merit is passed on to the ......."

Speaking of this, Lin Yanchao paused.

“…… Biography of Dong Zi. ”

After Lin Yanchao finished speaking, all the scholars gasped, and they couldn't help but have the idea that it was him.

PS: There are too many theories in this chapter, which may not be liked by many readers, but it is very necessary, because Daotong said that it is Lin Sanyuan's big killer, and I want to talk about it specifically, so that everyone will not be confused.