New Bayi Chinese Network - A collection of online novel reading networks

Zhang Gaowen's family followed more than a dozen carriages to the east.

Since Zhigu was troubled by the Ming army, many Jianyu Beijing officials were in the same mood as Zhang Gaowen, especially Manchu officials, who were anxious to send their families back to Liaodong to avoid the war. Among them was even the family of Bushan, the son of the Kagai who created Manchu.

Later, everyone met unexpectedly on the way, and finally formed a huge convoy with the Bushan family as the core.

Recently, however, when I heard that the Ming army had attacked Jinzhou out of nowhere, the convoy no longer dared to go straight to the northeast, but first went north, passing through Ningcheng in the south of Horqin, and then turning east to Shengjing.

Although the distance is nearly doubled, it can avoid Jinzhou, and the safety is guaranteed.

Zhang Gaowen's wife had almost broken her bones in the car for several days, and she was complaining to her sister-in-law with a bitter face, when she heard a driver shouting in front of the convoy: "Be careful! There are large groups of soldiers and horses! ”

Bushan's cousin frowned, "It should be from the tribe of Horqin, don't panic." ”

Although he said so, the subordinates and guards of each family, totaling more than 200 people, still surrounded the masters with swords and bows.

Soon, the men and horses of Wu Yang came up from all around, although these people were dressed differently, but the weapons in their hands were very sophisticated, and there was a huge "Zhao" character on the banner in the army.

Immediately, a horse rushed out of the team and shouted at the convoy from Beijing: "Who are the people in the car?" ”

Immediately, someone from the Bushan family stepped forward and said respectfully: "Master Jun, this is the family of Lord Jialazhang Jing Bushanbu, and there are also the families of Lord Shuntian Mansion Zhizhong Ka, Lord Yushi Zhao, Lord Zhang and others in the matter, please also ask the military master to ......"

Unexpectedly, the knight was overjoyed when he heard this, ran back to the team with a smoke, and said to Zhao Gongwei: "Brother Zhao, it is the family members of Jianyu, and they are all big officials!" ”

"Oh? Caught a big fish? Zhao Gongwei waved his hand without hesitation, "Don't let any of them go!" ”

……

Shaoxing.

Since King Lu changed the title of Chaozhou, the first half of the original Lu Palace's palace has been used as a political envoy to the Yamen.

In the side hall on the north side of the original palace, Zeng Ying, the right attendant of the household department, said to Zhu Linmiao: "Back to Your Highness, some time ago, the barren field measurement and compilation of the various political envoys has been completed. This kind of important event Yang Pavilion was originally going to come to you in person, but recently, there are too many various affairs of the household department, and the cabinet department is afraid that His Royal Highness will think about this time, so he ordered the lower official to convey it on his behalf. ”

Zhu Linmiao nodded and took the thick thread-bound booklet in his hand, and heard Zeng Ying continue: "At the beginning of the war in Yunnan, the northern army of northern Zhejiang was still being captured, so the numbers in these two places were the latest to come up, and there may be omissions. ”

He pointed to the mu book and gestured: "The arable wasteland collected in central and southern Zhejiang is mainly the original fief of King Lu, as well as the land confiscated from the prisoners, as well as the ownerless land left by the people who were harmed by the military disaster. There are a total of 40,000 hectares of cultivated land, but more than half of the counties have not yet completed the measurement. ”

Zhu Linmiao nodded, there are about 800,000 hectares of cultivated land in central and southern Zhejiang, and now less than half of the statistics have been measured, and 40,000 hectares of terra nullius have been gathered, which is already a lot.

Zeng Ying continued: "Most of the official fields from Yunnan are in Lijiang and Ami, with a total of more than 6,000 dumps.

"Jiangxi has the fief of Ganzhou and the land invested by King Yongning and King Yi, plus the terra nullius caused by the military disaster, a total of 103,000 dumps.

"The land occupied by the former Ding Kuichu in Guangdong and the terra nullius born of drought and plague ......"

Zhu Linmiao listened patiently, and finally came to the conclusion that the household department had collected a total of 320,000 yuan in various places. In order to measure these lands, Yang Tinglin and various local officials also spent a lot of energy.

However, judging from the situation described by Zeng Ying, there should be many places that have not yet been measured. You must know that the six provinces in the south of the Yangtze River under the actual control of the Taizheng Dynasty have more than 2.4 million hectares of cultivated land registered in the "Daming Huidian" alone, and the actual figure should be at least more than 1 million hectares higher than this, including the concealment of reports.

After years of conquest, a large number of terra nullius appeared in Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujing and other places due to population deaths, plus the confiscation of the land donated by the captured officials and Zhu Linmiao himself and several princes, there should be at least a quarter of the total cultivated area.

It should be far from the 320,000 dumps. Zhu Linmiao first put away the mu book, and then instructed Zeng Ying: "The statistics of the terra terra and the official land are very important, you go back and tell the Yang Gebu that he wants him to continue to investigate the terra nullius in detail, and if someone dares to embezzle and occupy it privately, the yamen in various places will strictly deal with it."

"In addition, the circular decrees that local officials, by the end of the year at the latest, must report detailed figures of the unclaimed land in their jurisdictions. After that, the imperial court will select some places from them to re-measure, and if the number is too different from the local report, the local officials will all be evaluated as 'unworthy'. ”

Not being able to weigh it is the worst level of evaluation.

"In addition, it is necessary to strictly investigate the situation of taking advantage of the opportunity to encroach on the people's land and property, and if there is a crime, all those who commit it will be punished as a serious crime of corruption. I will ask Jinyiwei to cooperate with the Police Department and the Criminal Department to carry out this together, and the household department itself must always keep an eye on it. ”

Zeng Ying hurriedly said: "Remember, the lower officials. ”

Land is the most important asset of a country, especially in an agrarian society like the Ming Dynasty, and it is not an exaggeration to call land life. However, after more than 200 years of land annexation in the Ming Dynasty, especially the blatant enclosure of land by the gentry class at the end of the Ming Dynasty, the land was basically concentrated in the hands of a few official landlords, and there were fewer and fewer yeoman farmers who owned land.

These peasants, who had lost their land, had to become tenants of the big landlords and endure exploitation. In addition, the landlord and gentry class relied on their own large land resources, thus greatly controlling the lower classes.

At that time, the decrees of the imperial court often could not go down at the village level, and the real power in the villages and towns was the big clan landlords. The reason for this is that the people who control the land have the right to speak at the bottom. After a long time, the people who depend on them for their livelihood can only be at their mercy, and even the decrees of the imperial court cannot reach them.

Zhu Linmiao has seen a lot of historical analyses in later generations, and naturally knows the harm of land annexation, if the problem of land distribution cannot be solved from the top down, then it is destined that Li Zicheng and his ilk will gather people to redistribute land by violence from the bottom up.

If you want the stability of the Ming Dynasty and the longevity of the country, land distribution is an unavoidable problem.

As for the solution, which is also ready-made, that is, the "household contract responsibility system" successfully demonstrated by the new China, in which the state controls the land, only allocates the right to cultivate, and does not let go of ownership. In this way, it was difficult for the gentry and landlord class to annex land through capital or power.

Moreover, with the proportion of the harvest to be paid for the contracted land set by the state, it is equivalent to drawing a line for the landlord class throughout the country, and if they want to collect more rent, it will inevitably lead the tenants to switch to planting contracted land.

(End of chapter)

{Lao Tie please remember New Bayi Chinese Network }