Chapter 195: December turned upside down (5)
By locking in OPF crude oil at a price slightly higher than the actual market price and rejecting possible cheaper energy supplies from the United States and East Russia, Germany, which has its eye on world hegemony, has suffered a certain amount of economic losses, but it has taken a huge advantage politically, and everyone will settle this account.
However, the interests of other European countries have been partially damaged, and even if they don't say it on the surface, they may have muttered in their hearts, and in order to settle this matter, Speer and Hoffmann did their best:
The first is to expand the coverage of oil fund holders. The oil fund was originally only an investment company jointly established by Germany and Middle Eastern oil-producing countries, and since its establishment, it has expanded its shares many times, at first only including German leaders and key enterprises, and later expanded its coverage to German officials and medal holders according to Hoffmann's statement, the third batch began to expand to Italy, France, Britain and other elites, and the fourth batch expanded to the top figures of the European axis camp, and finally prepared for the IPO at the appropriate time.
In other words, if anyone fails to get the original shares of the oil fund before the IPO, it means that he is not a member of the top circles.
In the process of expansion, Germany's share has been declining, from 85% at the peak to about 50%, and it may be further diluted to 45% after the IPO. However, such checks and balances and compromises have also been exchanged for understanding from other countries.
Although Germany's actual share has decreased, the total amount has increased dozens of times, and the rights and interests in the hands of the marshals, generals, and ministers who had voted with Hoffmann have generally increased by 10-20 times, from hundreds of thousands to millions of Reichsmarks, and from millions of Reichsmarks to tens of millions or even hundreds of millions. Hitler originally gave hundreds of thousands of allowances to his generals every year in order to make them obey his own funds, and Hoffmann has now changed it into an oil fund, which is not only justified when it is picked up, but also can be passed down from generation to generation after his own retirement, and I don't know where it is better than the allowance.
Hoffmann, who has an eye on the future of nation-building, has repeatedly pointed out in internal meetings that with Germany's victories in various fields, phenomena have grown, and it is impossible to completely eradicate them, and he hopes that high-level figures will put themselves in the right position and think about whether it is worth it before reaching out - once they are arrested, their share of the oil fund and their retirement benefits will also be canceled, which is completely worth the loss.
After this warning was repeatedly emphasized and Himmler and Baumann investigated and dealt with several typical examples, the big people relented a lot, like Ribbentrop, who used to often like to take gifts from others, has recently become very serious - the share of the ministerial oil fund allocated to him is equivalent to 90 million Reichsmarks after the IPO, and the dividends alone may exceed 900,000 marks per year in the future.
Based on such a holding arrangement, the oil monopoly profit is realized in a way that is higher than the market and locked in the object, and a large part of the economic benefits are enjoyed by the oil fund, and the leading figures of the countries that hold the fund can share the profits.
Second, the EU's fiscal foundation has been consolidated by paying taxes by users. 2 Mark EU tax is levied at the sales stage, the tax object is the exporting country, but the actual burden is the crude oil importing country (end user), the small European countries see very clearly, they do not consume much oil, the less taxes to pay, the more large oil users, the more tax they need to pay.
And among these large households, Germany is obviously the first, almost equal to the combined consumption of Britain and France, and Germany has also become the country that pays the most for EU taxes.
Of course, the big countries will not suffer, and in the end, this batch of fiscal revenues will be used for the operation of the EU (including executive, legislative, economic, defense and other multiple affairs), and the essence is still used on European countries, which have more interests in the EU, and the big countries that need more space will of course take advantage of more, which is nothing to blame.
The last instrument is the EU tax exemption at origin. European oil-producing countries do not have to pay EU taxes if they do not export crude oil for their own internal digestion. For oil-exporting countries such as Romania, Hungary, and Western Russia, they do not have to pay taxes on crude oil consumed in their own industries and militaries. In turn, because of the preferential conditions they enjoy, they can also attract foreign investment to develop oil-intensive industries in the country, which is very beneficial for them.
Originally, in order to take care of the sentiment of the major powers, Hoffman also left a bigger opening for the policy - in the future, if European countries find oil in their colonies and overseas territories, they can absorb it without capacity restrictions, and the EU tax will be halved, and the only requirement is that exports will still be subject to OPF prices.
However, this idea was firmly opposed by France and Britain, in the eyes of these two countries, Germany now has a territory in the Middle East, Baku oil field share, German West Africa Nigeria is said to also have a large amount of crude oil, Italy has an expanding Libyan oil field and the legendary Sudan oil production area, if the "origin exemption rule" is introduced into the colonies, the two countries will immediately reduce a lot of EU taxes, not even tax exemption, but also gain additional competitiveness of industrial products. This is a cost advantage that Britain and France, both industrially developed countries, can hardly tolerate.
Hoffmann understood and accepted this, and by the way, he tightened the principle of exemption a little - it is limited to the onshore oil production of EU member states, and if there is offshore oil in the future, this rule cannot be invoked, and if it needs to be cited, it must be negotiated in a way that is unanimous by the major powers.
This is the hole that Hoffman dug for Britain and France: how did the French know that Algeria, Gabon, etc., under their control, also had good fuel reserves? The British are even less aware that there are also huge North Sea oil fields off the coast of Scotland (represented by the Brent crude oil producing area)
For Germany, the EU tax of 2 marks is not a big problem, with the existing 40 million tons of oil trade, converted into less than 300 million barrels, it can only bring nearly 600 million marks of tax revenue to the EU - Germany spent 1.4 billion marks on this blitzkrieg 2.0 in South Africa, and the financial impact is not much at all, Hoffman does not pay attention to this economic interest, he pays attention to the follow-up political interests.
This mechanism theoretically also leaves room for OPFs to export excess crude oil and compete with Eastern Russia and the United States, but in fact, this situation is unlikely to occur in the short term: German experts have calculated that after excluding US oil imports, the current oil supply chain of oil-producing countries can only maintain a weak balance, and Germany can only collect and store up to 5 million to 7 million tons per year, which is just enough to meet the need to build reserves.
In this way, the OPF countries were very satisfied, and the three-year quota they were expecting from 1945 was 4,500, 5,000, and 56 million tons, but Germany suddenly expressed its demand to raise it to 4,500, 6,000, and 80 million tons, and promised that all the output that could not be sold within the quota would be underwritten by Germany at a price of 6 marks. Everyone will settle accounts, in 1947 it was 80 million tons, and soon after it will break through the 100 million ton mark, the increase in oil consumption and the price fluctuation mechanism of 1 mark in three years make everyone think that it is profitable, and the enthusiasm is very high, and they are ready to increase production.
Britain, France, and Germany have not yet achieved adequate fuel supply, and a number of oil production, pipelines, and oil refining facilities have been sold first, and at the same time, it is conceivable that the fleet of oil tankers will also be expanded in the future, and the capitalists in related fields are smiling one after another.
This was later confirmed by Hoffmann's prediction that by 1955, the price of OPF oil would exceed 15 marks per barrel, and the annual production quota would exceed 400 million tons, seven times higher than in 1945.
After a series of mediation, negotiation and private communication, this so-called crude oil four-principle supply system was implemented from 1945 and lasted for more than 60 years, and experienced various shocks and adjustments, and continued to exist after Hoffmann, Speer and others successively became ancient, and remained until the so-called "new energy revolution" began.
The second principle of the December reform was the establishment of the principles of the Customs Union, internal reciprocity and EU taxation.
In the customs union, it is impossible to find a country with more experience than Germany in the entire European country, Germany was the first to play the Hanseatic League, and later was absorbed by the German Confederation and the Common Market, and has accumulated rich experience in this field, especially with experience.
In the new EU tax system, the whole of Europe is regarded as a common market, and tariffs are levied on all types of goods, and the overall tariff rate is determined to be 25%, but the tariffs on industries with low European competitiveness may be as high as 35% or even 70%, while the tariffs on industries with strong European competitiveness may be as low as 5-8%.
In the customs union system, Germany, Britain, France, and Italy, except for a few areas reserved, the four major countries to other European countries to carry out the minimum tariff opening - the tariff rate does not exceed 5%, except for the four other European countries can set a 5-20 year tariff protection period and can levy 15% tariff, within Europe according to the level of development of the tariff protection period to determine.
The Netherlands, Belgium and Western Russia belong to the first grade, with a protection period of 5-8 years;
Spain, Portugal, Sweden, Norway, Romania, Ukraine, and Greece belong to the second level, with a term of protection of 10-12 years;
The three Baltic states, Ireland, Slovakia, Hungary, Bulgaria, Finland, etc., belong to the third level, with a protection period of 15 years;
The remaining countries are all classified as Class IV with a term of protection of 20 years.
Of course, the longer the protection period, the better, the longer the country, the less developed and weaker the country, and the voting power in various fields such as political voting rights, the right to send troops, and shares in European financial organizations will be reduced—Hoffman clearly does not like to play the left-wing theory that all countries are equal regardless of size. The idea here is very simple: the more responsibilities and obligations a major country has, the more power it has; There is nothing to complain about when a small country has little contribution and little obligation, and there is little natural power.
After this set of rules is negotiated, I will try to poke out the final killer - the retention of domestic purchase tariffs and the payment of foreign purchase tariffs!