The army of the Liao State was mainly composed of the Khitan headquarters army, the subject state army, and the Youzhou Han army. The headquarters army is well understood, it is the army composed of Khitans, such as the Pi Room Army, the Shan Army, and the Dashou Army (Prince, Wei Wang, Yongkang, Nanbei Wang, Yu Yue, Ma Da, and Wu Ab). Because the Xi people have been submissive to the Khitan for a long time and still live with the Khitans, they are also counted as the main army.

The subject armies were equivalent to the minority groups conquered by the Khitans, and they existed in the form of vassals, such as the Tatars, the Waili, the Murwei, the Jurchens, the Dangxiang, and so on. In the event of a war, these subject armies must send a certain number of soldiers according to the regulations, and they must be commanded by Khitan officials.

The Han army in Youzhou does not need to be explained, it is the Han army living near Youzhou. Some of them were born and raised in the north, some fled from the interior during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, and some were captured in the wars over the years.

The names of the armies such as the Suwei Army, the Tribal Army, the Relic Army, the Qi (Army), the Dragla Army, the Sho Army, the Dragon Army, the Phoenix Army, the Tiger Army, the Bear Army, the Eagle Army, the Iron Harrier Army, the Tielin Army and other armies are all specific branches of the above armies, just like the Gongsheng Army and the Dragon Guard Army in the forbidden army.

The word leather room comes from the Khitan language, which means elite. In later generations, there was also the word leather in the Northeast dialect, which was mostly used to describe the child's long and sturdy nature, which probably came from the leather room of the Khitan language.

This branch of the army is a bit like the upper four armies of the Northern Song Dynasty Forbidden Army, divided into left and right armies, which are the Janissaries of the Khitan Emperor, all of which are played by the Khitans, pure cavalry, well-equipped, and very strong in combat.

The predecessor of the leather room army is a kind of cavalry called the heart of the abdomen, which can be understood by listening to the name, they are all composed of henchmen, or they are all pro-army composed of the children of the emperor and the queen. The official position in charge of the leather room army is called the chief guard, and the wardenhouse guard is the second-rank officer who leads any army on the left and right of the leather room army alone.

Shen Kuo is not very clear about the total number of this army that has developed to the present, and even the Northern Song Dynasty court does not have a specific number, which is estimated to be between 100,000 and 150,000. It has also gradually evolved from the original emperor's personal soldiers to the elite field troops in the Liao army, and can be seen almost every time they invade the south.

In addition to the leather room army, there is also an army under the control of the royal family called the Zarudor army. It is stationed in the emperor's palace and the four-hour bowl camp, called the twelve palaces and one mansion, and the number is less than 100,000.

There is also a special army within the Ganludo Army called the Shan Army, which sounds a bit feminine. That's right, this branch of the army and the leather room army are a bit of a male and a female.

It was established by the Empress Dowager Yingtian, and the source of soldiers came from the Bohai State and various parts of the Han ethnic group, and was regarded as the treasure of coral by the Empress Dowager at that time, and the number was about 30,000.

The Pi Room Army and the Ganluduo Army are the pro-army in the hands of the Liao Emperor, or the Central Army. The rest are local armies or tribal armies, which are the armies of each tribe itself.

Compared with the central army, it is difficult to determine the total number of local armed forces, they are usually herdsmen or peasants, and as soon as there is a war, they will immediately turn into soldiers.

However, Shen Kuo also said that in the past, every time the Liao State went south, there were rarely more than 100,000 troops, and the strength here refers to the regular soldiers, if you count all the auxiliary soldiers, it is basically multiplied by three.

In the Khitan military system, Hong Tao seemed to see the Eight Banners system of the Qing Dynasty. The royal family commanded one or two of them, the queen family came with one or two more flags, and the rest belonged to the nobles of their own clan.

In addition to the Manchurian Eight Banners, there are also the Mongolian Eight Banners and the Han Eight Banners, which are equivalent to the tribal armies of the Liao State, which are not directly under the royal family, but have to obey orders. It's just that the Khitan system is not as strict and regular as the Eight Banners system, which can be regarded as the prototype of the nomadic characteristic system.

The military service system of the Liao State was almost exactly the same as that of the Western Xia, and the Khitans were all soldiers between the ages of fifteen and fifty. The family should send two regular soldiers, and each regular soldier should prepare three horses by himself, as well as one family member who fights the grass valley and guards the camp.

The family members here are slaves of all ethnic groups, who are usually responsible for grazing and farming, and do not have any property, and even their lives are not their own. The master's family is going to join the army to fight, and they have to be brought with them as auxiliaries.

In terms of troops, the Liao State was not as comprehensive as the Western Xia, they were mainly cavalry, only the Bohai State and the Youzhou Han Army had infantry, and there were also some crossbowmen and sailors.

As for weapons and equipment, the Liao army was mostly cavalry, and the horn bow was the main weapon, with iron bones, iron knives, and iron long swords. Most of the armor is Tang made of fish scale armor and mountain pattern armor, but it is not a large-scale equipment.

The Eagle Army, Iron Harrier Army, and Iron Forest Army are pure heavy cavalry, and other units will be equipped with some parts, such as only the cuirass and helmet are metal, and the rest of the troops are mainly leather armor.

"It sounds like the Khitan cavalry is no different from the Western Xia cavalry, and it is the same as the teacher." Finally, there is a discussion on the combat mode of the Liao army, on which Hong Tao has a little right to speak, and he has also faced the elite troops of Western Xia.

From Shen Kuo's description, if you don't add a prefix, you can't tell whether it is a Khitan cavalry or a Western Xia cavalry. The tactics they adopted were basically the same, dividing their troops into the main force and the cavalry for charging and fighting, the reconnaissance and interception of the long-range detective and the horse, and the auxiliary troops for the delivery of messages in the grass valley.

The long-distance scouting and blocking horses are served by the soldiers with better riding skills in the Khitan cavalry, who usually break through the large army 20 miles away, specifically to reconnoiter the enemy's situation, and clean up the opponent's probe horses by the way. The number depends on the scale of the war, and it is possible to have dozens or even tens of thousands.

The Colonel, the Dragger, the Detective, and the Hou were the commanders of the Expeditionary Horse Interception Force at all levels, and each led a few to dozens of horses. Sometimes these small units act alone, sometimes in groups.

This type of army is the most familiar to the Northern Song Dynasty forbidden army, and the large troops on both sides of the border pass area usually do not move casually, but the rangers or horses on both sides often clash, and each other wins and loses.

When it was time for the large army to fight head-on, the horses were withdrawn, and it was the turn of the war cavalry and the auxiliaries who fought in the grass valley to come into play. When the main force of the Liao army faced the forbidden army of the Northern Song Dynasty, it usually did not fight hard, but used the speed of cavalry to intersperse. If it can be divided, it will be divided and encircled, and if it cannot be encircled, it will bypass the battle line and go to the back to cut off the grain route and attack the town.

The forbidden army of the Northern Song Dynasty did not move, and the cavalry of the Liao State had no choice, and the strong attack could not take advantage of it at all. But under normal circumstances, the initiative on the battlefield is in the hands of the cavalry, and in the end, the infantry still has to move, either retreat or advance.

As soon as the infantry moved, the cavalry would find an opportunity to disrupt the infantry formation, and then there would be no more. Once the infantry is scattered in formation and cannot fight in unity, it will become the dish of the cavalry, and will be surrounded and eaten by small pieces.

At the same time as the battle, the auxiliaries who fought the grass valley were not idle, they would go to the nearby villages and towns to rob, grain, grass, population, property and even furniture, they could take whatever they could, and after the robbery, they would set fire to their butts and leave.

However, in recent years, there were not many opportunities for the Liao people to attack the grass valley, and the defense system of the Northern Song Dynasty in the border areas became more and more complete.

"Then who is this founding prince Shiru?" At this point, Hong Tao feels that he has almost understood the aspects of Liao Guoda, so let's talk about something specific.

The unlucky prince who was seasick in the Liao delegation is called Wang Shiru, he is the founding marquis, he is the founding prince, and he is a whole step away, purely to find awkwardness.

"Wang Shiru also met when he was a brother to the Northern Dynasty, he was a Han Chinese, his ancestral home was Fanyang, he rarely had a literary name, and he was a jinshi. In the ninth year of Dakang, he served as the companion of Liang Wang Yanxi, and taught the knowledge system. What Jin Qing needs to pay attention to is not the founding prince Shiru, but the king of Lanling County, Xiao Wuna. When this person was the Xuanhui envoy of the Northern Court, he dared to face the minister of power, Yelu Yixin, opposed the deposition of the crown prince, and later saved the emperor's grandson Yelu Yanxi. Emperor Liao was the princess of Shangyue because of his merits in Sheji, but Xiao Wuna insisted on resigning, and was later awarded the title of King of Lanling County, and the privy envoy of the Southern Yuan, which should not be underestimated. ”

Shen Kuo has done a good job, after many years, he can still think of his old people in a foreign country, although he has been working the Northwest Front for so many years, he has never forgotten to pay attention to every move of the Northern Dynasties.

"Tsk, it's a pity, if it weren't for Xiao Wuna's more move, maybe the Northern Dynasty would have messed up itself. Yelu Yixin is also a waste, killing so many people, is there only one Xiao Wuna? ”

Hong Tao thought differently from Shen Kuo, Yelu Yixin, the minister of power of the Liao State, caused Emperor Daozong a lot of harm, and the crown prince was killed, if the emperor and grandson were killed again, it would be unreasonable for the Liao State not to have a civil war.

But there was such a Xiao Wuna, who protected Yelu Yanxi, killed Yelu Yixin, and helped Yelu Hongji save the situation. He saved the Liao State, but harmed the Northern Song Dynasty. An enemy's friend is an enemy, so Xiao Wuna belongs to the category that must be killed in Hong Tao's eyes.

"A man of loyalty, a minister of humerus." Wang Shao's reaction was completely different, he was much more noble than Hong Tao, beyond the scope of the country and the nation, and made a positive evaluation of Xiao Wuna from the level of character.

"Well, they're all good people, but they're bad guys. Brother Shen, do you want to try the little brother's ascension artifact? Boss, it's not that the official is stingy, this thing can't be on it if it's more than fifty years old, it's easy to go up and down and really ascend to heaven, hehehehe......"

Hong Tao doesn't like to listen to others always talk about his character, he has everything but lacks this. I don't plan to talk anymore right away, but I can't just blast people out and just use the hot air balloon as an excuse.

Wang Shao naturally didn't want to go up, even if he knew that this thing was a strange object made by a colt, and it had nothing to do with the immortals, he didn't want to get involved, and he didn't even want to look at it. But Shen Kuo was not afraid, he had long wanted to go up and try it, but he didn't have a chance, and now the horse took the initiative to invite, so there was no reason not to go.

Compared with Chen Niang, Shen Kuo was much bolder, except for being a little nervous when he first took off, he didn't have anything to do the whole time. In fact, he didn't look out at the scenery at all, but held the copper blowtorch and pondered for his life, and he didn't care that his eyebrows were burned by the flames.

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