Text Volume 1 Dismal Management_Chapter 72 University Discussions
The court meeting finally came to an end in a hurry, and after Xu Guangqi proposed two controversial education reform measures, nothing special happened in the second half of the court meeting.
After the dispersal of the dynasty, the two people of the Ministry of Rites, Shangshu Lai Zongdao and Xu Guangqi, were left behind to discuss how to reorganize the Guozijian.
Because Chongzhen proposed that the reconstructed university would replace the function of the scripture feast, the original way of Guozijian to raise people as teachers who failed to pass the entrance examination is obviously not suitable now.
At the suggestion of Lai Zongdao, Chongzhen agreed to let the scholar of the Hanlin Academy serve as the teacher of Guozijian. However, Chongzhen believes that the university, as an academic institution, must be distinguished from the government school like Guozijian.
"I set up universities to train people for the country, not officials. Therefore, the doctor, teaching assistant, and direct lecture in the original Guozijian will no longer become official positions, but will become the professional names of teachers. After entering the Guozijian, the bachelor of Hanlin became a professor, and the original doctor of the Guozijian was changed to a teaching assistant, and the teaching assistant and direct lecture in the original Guozijian were collectively called lecturers. After the abolition of the official title, everyone's salary was raised by one level.
The original school system of Guozijian without a time limit was changed to an academic year system, and you must graduate within 3-5 years, and you can't stay in Guozijian for the rest of your life. Also, if all corporal punishment measures in the national prison are abolished, and if the warning and punishment are not enough, they will be expelled from the school..."
Zhu Youzhen recalled the university system back then, and slowly repeated to the two officials. He tried his best to replicate a comprehensive university in the Ming Dynasty in the 17th century.
Originally, he wanted to adopt the credit system, but he just thought about it and gave up, and now the Ming Dynasty needs standard college students who are mass-produced, and for these Confucian scholars who can't understand what university education is, the credit system will become a tool to combat different academic views.
However, he was a little unhappy when he came to Zongdao, "Your Majesty, Master Hanlin himself is the minister of the country, and he will be the pillar of the Ming Dynasty who will enter the cabinet in the future." Today, for the sake of Your Majesty, they have entered the university as professors to help Your Majesty learn how to govern the country, so how can Your Majesty easily deprive them of their official positions? ”
"Mr. Lai probably didn't understand what I meant, what I meant was that the bachelors were no longer officials when they entered the university to teach, but their status as officials was still retained. Their experience of teaching at a university is also considered part of the resume of an officer, as long as they follow the procedure. ”
Chongzhen's explanation made Lai Zongdao reluctantly agree, while Xu Guangqi was concerned about other questions on the side: "Your Majesty, do you want to ask where this academy of sciences is to be set up?" Also, how should these Western monks be accommodated? ”
"For the time being, I will settle in the Xinwang Mansion, and then I will go to the Sanhai with Mr. Xu on another day to have a look, and find a good place to build a courtyard for the Academy of Sciences. Ao is right, after you go back, Mr. Lai, I will discuss with Honglu Siqing, and ask him to find some people who are fluent in foreign languages, and I will ask them to translate a batch of books brought by Western missionaries. There is a shortage of manpower, so it is better to recruit some young students and let them learn from them. ”
"Dare to ask Your Majesty, how many books are there and what kind of language are used?" Came to Zongdao and asked.
"There are about 7,000 texts, mostly in Latin, but also in a small number of Greek scripts." Xu Guangqi interjected.
What are these two scripts? There are only about the officials in the Honglu Monastery who are proficient in Mongolian and Usi Tibetan, and this Latin and Greek are unheard of? Lai Zongdao said confusedly.
Although he knew that Honglu Temple might not have such European language translators, Zhu Youzhen, who was lucky, was still disappointed. He rubbed his eyes and said, "Then let the Ministry of Rites select students from all over the world, and students who are gifted in language, regardless of their background, let them enter the university to study Latin and Greek, and after completing their studies, they will become officials of Honglu Temple." Let Hongxu Temple set up a separate translation institute, in addition to the nearby Mongolia, Uszambi, Japan and other countries, the talent who is familiar with the Chinese languages of the South Seas and the West should also be reserved. After all, no one else can come to the door, I don't even have a person who can talk and communicate, right? ”
Lai Zongdao frowned and said: "Your Majesty, my Ming Dynasty is admired by all the countries in the world, and if the envoys of various countries want to reconcile with my Ming Dynasty, they will naturally learn the written language of my Ming Dynasty. ”
"Lord Shangshu is so bad, if you don't learn the other party's written language, how can you know the other party's national habits? Is the person who comes to be kind to the Ming Dynasty? Or is it evil? What's more, the stones of other mountains can attack jade, and the Taixi civilization is quite impressive. Isn't it beautiful to make up for the shortcomings of my Ming knowledge with its strengths? ”
Xu Guangqi retorted unhurriedly, and Lai Zongdao was suddenly a little speechless. Zhu Youzhen didn't want any contradictions between the two, so he hurriedly appeased Lai Zongdao and said a few words.
The three of them talked for more than two hours about the establishment of the school system and the selection method of university students, and Zhu Youzhen invited the two to lunch together. At around 3 p.m., a draft of the university's preparations was completed.
Although at the insistence of Lai Zongdao, many of the names of the newly established universities follow the way of the Ming Huidian. However, under Zhu Youzhen's continuous persuasion, the university abolished many unreasonable systems in Guozijian. For example, the power of the prison officials to punish the prisoners was abolished, and the rule that if you entered the Guozi Prison, you could not easily leave the house, and so on.
Although the three of them discussed for a long time, they did not look tired. Lai Zongdao looked at the dense draft of the university in his hand, and his spirit was slightly uplifted. It was the first time for him to study a problem with the emperor in this way.
At Chongzhen's insistence, the rule that ministers were required to kneel when meeting alone for deliberations was abolished, and chairs and tea were given. This couldn't help but make Lai Zongdao full of good feelings for this young emperor, and it also gave him enough time to think about whether the proposed plan was practical.
In the past, although the minister's solitary performance was a sign of favor, it was not very helpful for discussing political affairs, and it was more of an expression of attitude.
Those who can meet with the emperor alone to discuss things are basically first- and second-rank members, and the Ming Dynasty is promoted to official positions in chronological order, and those who can do the first and second grades are not about 50 or 60 years old.
At such an age, the memory has deteriorated a little, and he has to kneel in front of the emperor to talk about things, and in this extremely uncomfortable situation, most of them are holding to talk as little as possible and avoid forgetting words.
Being able to slowly sort out his thoughts and completely exchange his own meaning with the emperor was also a novel experience for Lai Zongdao, but he was undoubtedly satisfied with this draft.
Xu Guangqi suddenly remembered something, so he said casually: "This Guozijian has changed its name, is the full name called Beiyong University, to distinguish it from Nanguozijian?" ”
Zhu Youzhen just shook his head and said: "Beijing's is called Yenching University, and Nanjing's is called Jinling University." ”
On November 9, the seventh year of the Apocalypse, at the gate of Guozijian on Chengxian Street, an imperial list was posted. The prisoners of the Guozijian were curiously crowded under the imperial list to watch, and the two servants in the Guozijian guarded the imperial list, so as to prevent the prisoners from getting too close and knocking the imperial list down.
"This, this country has been changed to a university. Don't we count the amount of time we have spent in the country prison all these years? An old prisoner in his forties, dressed in a washed white robe, couldn't help but feel sad.
"Why should the strict prison students be like this, isn't this marked later? After three days, His Majesty will visit the National Prison in person, and all the prisoners will be tested uniformly, and those who pass will be released from the prison, and those who fail will be able to choose whether to leave the prison and go home, or enter the university to study all over again. A young gentleman in a moon-white shirt couldn't help but persuade.
"Lao Yan is really confused, didn't you see what was written at the end? After changing to a university, His Majesty will also enter a university to study. All of Guozijian's doctors will be replaced by Professor Hanlin of the Hanlin Academy. This Tianzi is a classmate, and the cabinet minister is a teacher, and this college student is not much more valuable than the prisoner of Laoshizi. The fat man, who was wearing a royal blue robe and had a lot of bits and pieces hanging on his body, stared at the content on the emperor's list, and commented loudly.
"Dodge, dodge, don't you see Lu Jiansheng coming? Don't get in the way, squeezed into Brother Lu, do you eat sin? Brother Lu, please. A young prisoner with sharp-beaked monkey cheeks and medium stature pushed away the crowd in front, nodded and led the hand-cranked folding fan, and walked slowly in all directions, Lu Wanling, who walked slowly in all directions, walked to the position with the best line of sight under the emperor's list.
In the northwest of Lu Wanling, several scholars watching this scene couldn't help frowning. A young scholar with a pale face couldn't help but say to his friends around him: "I don't know what Your Majesty thinks, since you have already exiled Wei Gelding, why did you gently let go of Lu Wanling of the Ah Fu Eunuch Party." Brother Qian Xiongwen can't enter His Majesty's eyes, and there will be treacherous people in the court who will make a hindrance. When His Majesty enters the prison, I might as well gather the scholars to give His Majesty a direct advice to his face, and let the people of the world know that there are also voices in the prison. ”
Qian Jiazheng was about to agree, but suddenly saw the disapproving face of a friend next to him, and couldn't help but change his words: "What Brother Sun said is very much in line with my opinion... Brother Shen shook his head, could it be that he had a better idea? ”
Shen Tingyang, who was born on Chongming Island, was in his early 30s, which was the time of vitality. He said disapprovingly: "Today, there is a disaster in the north of the Ming Dynasty, and there is a rebellion in the south, I heard that just a few months ago, the coast of Fujian and Guangdong was looted by the pirates, and the land of Shaanxi was in a drought last year, and there were homeless people who rebelled, not to mention the earthquake in Shanxi last year, the wind disaster in Jiangsu, and the difficulty of Wang Gongchang in Beijing, etc. My Ming Dynasty has so many disasters and difficulties, and the center should not act rashly, Your Majesty banished Wei Zhongxian, and forgiving the rest of the party, which is exactly the old Cheng's move to seek the country. ”