On the first day of the second meeting of the 17th Congress of the Communist Party of China, the second meeting of the 17th Congress of the People's Republic of China, Zheng Yuanqing formally submitted his request for resignation on the first day, and also knew that the highest authority of the Republic had shelved the issue. Because there is no official information about it, there has been an uproar about Wang Yuanqing's voluntary resignation, which not only made many reporters who dreamed of getting scoops get their wish, but also made most citizens of the Republic panic.

At this point, almost everyone is talking about Wang Yuanqing's re-election.

What the outside world never expected was that just one day later, Wang Yuanqing put forward a more shocking proposal at the plenary congress.

On the second day of the conference, Wang Yuanqing, in his capacity as head of the Central Committee, formally proposed the "Constitutional Amendment."

The move was both unusually sudden and early in the speculation of the outside world.

Long before the provocation, that is, when Wang Yuanqing proposed political reform, some far-sighted politicians made bold predictions, asserting that Wang Yuanqing would amend the constitution while he was in power, and explicitly mentioned that political reform would either succeed because of the success of the constitutional amendment or fail because of the failure of the constitutional amendment.

It can be said that there is no suspense about the constitutional amendment, the difference is only when it will be carried out.

The problem is also here, in the past years, under the active promotion of Wang Yuanqing, the republic has introduced many laws and bills, but has not amended the constitution as the outside world predicted. Because there were many more noteworthy things in the old years, the matter of revising the constitution of the republic has gradually been forgotten.

When Wang Yuanqing threw out the "constitutional amendment" at the plenary meeting, the suddenness can be imagined.

Now that the constitutional amendment process has been initiated, there is no secret about the specific contents.

Before the official announcement of the specific content of the "Constitutional Amendment" in the Republic, the major news media made bold predictions about its main content, and the largest content website in the Republic even stated that "Constitutional Amendment. conducted a non-formal "poll" to list the issues that the people were most concerned about over the years and could only be implemented by amending the constitution, and then let the people vote for them. Needless to say, it is the "ownership" that the people are most concerned about.

Regardless of the national factor, the biggest political difference in countries that pursue "democratic politics" is "ownership".

To put it bluntly, the so-called "ideological social values." The tide of popular will "is without exception with "ownership." There is an inseparable relationship.

Although "ownership" involves all aspects of production and life, the most critical is the land on which human beings depend.

It can be said that from the time when myths and stories began to be recounted, the land became a basic element of human existence. For thousands of years of recorded history, all the misfortunes of human beings have been related to the land. No matter how fast the technology exhibition, human production and life ultimately depend on the land.

In the "opinion polls" of the republic, the main concern of the population is land ownership.

The public's high concern for land ownership is not only a manifestation of their own interests. It is also an obstacle that must be overcome in the political reform of the Republic in the new era.

Before the beginning of the year, the vast majority of the citizens of the republic did not discuss the issue of land ownership too much.

From the standpoint of Li Qian, there is neither a popular basis for reforming the land ownership system nor a political basis for reforming the land ownership system. From another angle, it is not difficult to see that Ji Weiguo did not carry out political reform, but devoted his whole life to the adjustment of the industrial structure, and Zhao Rundong did not engage in political reform, but focused on stabilizing the surrounding situation, not that the two did not have the idea of political reform, but that the time was not ripe and did not have the conditions for political reform. In other words, without the foundation laid by Ji Weiguo and Zhao Rundong, Wang Yuanqing would not be able to implement political reforms.

Political reforms have taken place over the years, and significant changes have taken place in all aspects of the republic.

Perhaps in the eyes of the outside world, the greatest change brought about by political reform to the republic was the exponential expansion of national power; Among other things, the effects of political reform have led to the rapid growth of the national capitalists of the republic; Even in the past four years, the scale of private capital in the Republic has skyrocketed by more than 100 times in just over a few years; In the year of the blade, no private enterprise of the republic entered the global persuasion, and by the past years, there have been many private enterprises in the world, and three of the former strong enterprises are private enterprises of the republic; The rapid growth of private enterprises has brought about an increasingly strong national comprehensive strength; It can be said unceremoniously that without a strong national capital, it is unknown whether Wang Yuanqing will be able to overcome the challenges from Japan and India in the fourth and western years. But from another perspective, the biggest change brought about by political reform is not the visible "hard power." "It's the invisible "soft power"; To be precise, it is the change in the ideological consciousness and values of the people of the republic.

In fact, the importance of civic values can also be seen in the way in which political reform is carried out.

In the beginning, political reform was more like "reform" than "change".

Among other things, when it comes to the system of basic powers of the republic, the reform measures of the previous year were very limited and did not hit the nail on the head. In an exclusive interview with a reporter from the national television station of the Republic of China, Wang Yuanqing clearly mentioned that the political reform adopts the reform line of "from the grassroots to the central level" and uses the method of "first easy and then difficult" to resolve domestic contradictions, not to avoid problems, but to have two main purposes, one is to avoid more acute domestic contradictions caused by reform, and the other is to establish brand-new values in the minds of the people through the gradual reform It has to be said that Wang Yuanqing said "to tell the truth".

The biggest gain of the political reform in the past years was the "sense of identity" of the vast majority of citizens when they were reformed.

To be precise, it is the "civic consciousness" that has been awakened.

At the beginning of political reform, Wang Yuanqing made it clear at the high-level meeting that political reform is the only way out when economic reform and social reform can no longer meet the higher demands of the masses for improving the living environment and obtaining social rights. For political reform to succeed, a prerequisite must be met, and that is a "new cultural movement" to imprint "civic consciousness" in the soul of the people of every republic; Only political reform with the active participation of the people and the full support of the people can lay a solid foundation for the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

Don't say anything else. This assertion can determine Wang Yuanqing's position in the history of the Republic.

Almost all of the reform measures are directly related to "civic consciousness".

So, what is "civic consciousness"?

For Chinese civilization, "citizen" is a foreign word, and "civic consciousness" is also a "foreign product." Tracing back to its origins, "citizen" came from the city-states of ancient Greece and Rome, and was gradually forgotten with the disappearance of the slave democratic republics, and it was not until the Renaissance that the concept of "citizen" was mentioned again and widely adopted by the constitutions of Western countries. By nature, "citizens" have both natural and legal attributes. In terms of natural attributes, citizens must be born and exist according to the laws of natural physiology; In terms of legal attributes, citizens participate in social activities, enjoy rights and assume obligations in accordance with the provisions of national laws as members of a country. The so-called "civic consciousness" refers to the self-understanding of citizens' own status in the state, consciously taking the basic rights and obligations stipulated by the Constitution and laws as the criterion, taking their dominant position in the country's political and social life as the basis, and combining the sense of responsibility, mission and rights and obligations of the master of the country. "Civic consciousness" revolves around the relationship between citizens' rights and obligations, reflecting citizens' moral concepts, value orientations, behavioral norms, etc., between individuals and the state, between individuals and society, and between individuals and others, and emphasizing people's basic moral consciousness such as sense of responsibility, public morality and democracy in social life.

Thus. "Civic consciousness" is built on the basis of a legal society and reflects the relationship between citizens' rights and obligations.

Establishing a sound legal system and clarifying the rights and obligations of citizens through laws is precisely the ultimate goal of the political reform in the past years, and it can even be said that it can be said that the three founding fathers of the Republic of China, Ji Jieguo, Zhao Rundong and Wang Yuanqing, strive to pursue.

For the citizens of the republic, duties are important, and rights are even more important.

In the traditional thinking of the Chinese nation, the value concept of "scholar" is the same as the "sense of citizenship." The most close, and in the traditional thinking of the Chinese nation, more attention is paid to obligations than rights. As a simple example, before the political reform, all citizens of the republic were aware of their tax obligations, but the vast majority of citizens were not aware of the "rights of taxpayers." "The serious imbalance between rights and obligations has laid the groundwork for the internal contradictions of the republic, and it can even be said that it is the main cause of the internal contradictions of the republic. Only obligations that are reciprocal with rights can be effectively fulfilled. Taking tax payment as an example, because many citizens do not enjoy the rights brought by legal tax payment, tax evasion is not only not regarded as a shameful act, but also taken for granted. In the same way, only rights guaranteed by obligations can be enjoyed by every citizen.

The main way of political reform is to stimulate civic consciousness by restitution of rights.

Then, the most important thing to return is "ownership."

Whether it is property ownership or land ownership, in the final analysis, it is "state ownership." In other words, whose republic is it, is it a republic of the citizens of the heart, or a republic of a few in power? There is no doubt that this question cannot be answered in words, only in deeds. Because human production and life depend on the land, the state ownership can only be determined by determining the ownership of the land.

The problem is that the reform of the land system is too sensitive.

Even if Wang Yuanqing had the idea of changing the land ownership system at the beginning of the political reform, it would not have been possible to implement it immediately. From a certain point of view, even at this time, it is not the best time to change the land ownership system, because the distribution of land-related benefits has not been optimal.

For Wang Yuanqing, there is no other choice.

Over the years, the republic has introduced many laws. The use and use of land has been gradually liberalized. For example, in the year 2o, the "Land Circulation Law" was passed, which determined the legal status of land use rights and collective land ownership, and laid the foundation for agricultural land to enter the circulation market in the future. Another example is the Law on Paid Land Development, which was passed in previous years, which finally eliminated the restrictions on agricultural land and commercial land, and fully liberalized the land transaction market. To some extent, these two laws have opened a gap in the republic's agrarian system. The two land-related laws played a pivotal role in the overall political reform. These two laws are of great significance to the social changes in the Republic. Among other things, through the comprehensive marketization of land circulation, the foundation for intensive agricultural exhibition has been laid, and the most powerful impetus for the urbanization process has been provided. More importantly, the two laws play a crucial role in balancing land interests. No matter what the outside world thinks, after the return of the year, the people of the republic, especially the 300 million peasants, have become the biggest beneficiaries.

The problem is that no matter how important the two laws are. None of them touched the roots

According to the provisions of the two laws, only the right to use the land, not the ownership of the land, enters the market. There is no doubt that such a law is imperfect. In the absence of a solution to land ownership, no matter how well the two laws are enacted, there are huge loopholes. In other words, if the political winds turn in a peaceful direction, those in power can change the two laws at any time and use land ownership to plunder the vested interests of citizens.

At this point, what needs to be changed is the land ownership system.

Obviously, the realities of the republic make it difficult to change the system of land tenure.

If it were placed before the old year, I am afraid that many people would regard Wang Yuanqing's move as a "traitorous act." Of course, there are many people who now think that Wang Yuanqing's "color revolution" in the republic is only from the standpoint of the vast majority of citizens, and it is the right time for Yuan to propose the "constitutional amendment".

In the past, there were three main problems restricting land reform: "First, the relatively tight agricultural land, second, obstruction by vested interest groups, and third, the imperfect legal system." The reality brought about by these three problems is that in order to ensure the supply of the main food of the people of the whole country, that is, the output of the main grain, the state must guarantee a minimum amount of agricultural land and prevent the diversion of cultivated land for other purposes, and it must also restrict the use of cultivated land through the system; Restricted by the way land is used, interest groups with public power at the core have become the biggest obstructors to land reform and opponents of many related reform measures. While the political system has yet to be perfected, the vested interest groups that hold public power also have the power to legislate, making the legal system an empty phrase. It can be said that before Ji Jieguo left office. That is, before the "Four Bills" passed by Sun 7 in the 7th year, almost no one knew what method to use to resolve the internal contradictions of the republic.

From the year of Likou to the year of Tian, during the year, the national conditions of the country of Recommendation and the country have changed greatly.

First of all, the "network demand" for grain has been greatly reduced. In fact, the consumption of food in the republic has not decreased, but has increased considerably. The average annual grain consumption of the people of the Republic of China is about kilograms, and the annual consumption of wine is only kilograms, even if the population of four or seven years is the thug of the past seven years, which is about 10,000 tons. Increasing the demand for 10,000 tons during the year is not a challenge for the Republic at all, because the output per unit of grain has increased by nearly a billion during the year. That is to say, without reducing the area of cultivated land, there is still a surplus of about 10,000 tons of grain produced by 2 phenols per year.

Although the data of the phenol year are very special, because according to the arrangements of the central authorities, the grain output of the current year must be increased by 10,000 tons compared with previous years, and it only plays a role in stabilizing grain prices, but under the impetus of various modern agricultural technologies, especially under the influence of the industrialization of agricultural production, it can not only greatly increase grain output, but also greatly weaken the dependence of agriculture on land. If agriculture achieves factory production, land is no longer the primary element of agriculture. If land loses its status as the first factor in agricultural production, the value of land will be greatly reduced. Under such circumstances, the policy of protecting arable land on the grounds of ensuring food production has lost its raison d'être. In fact, even if industrial agricultural production is realized, it will still take several years, because the republic has entered a period of aging population, the number of people will be drastically reduced in the next few years, and the number of labor force will also be greatly reduced, and it is necessary to reduce the number of agricultural workers and improve agricultural production efficiency through intensive agricultural production. More importantly, the impact of reducing arable land on food production is not significant, and it can even be said that by reducing arable land and raising the price of agricultural products, it can also increase farmers' enthusiasm for production, thereby increasing grain production.

Relatively speaking, the other two problems have long been solved.

In fact, from the beginning of Ji Youguo, the leaders of the republic have been working for political reform and for changing the land ownership system. Not to mention anything else, the "Four Bills" proposed by Ji Youguo and implemented by Zhao Rundong. It is preparing for land reform. By the time Wang Yuanqing came to power, the situation of "government by officials" in the republic had been greatly improved, interest groups with public power as the core had collapsed, and the legal system in all aspects had also been improved through political reform during Wang Yuanqing's administration.

In terms of comments from the outside world, when Wang Yuanqing threw out the "constitutional amendment", the reform of land ownership was already "everything is ready, and only the east wind is owed." Finish.

Of course, the outside world still underestimates Wang Yuanqing.

What Yuan proposed was not a "land tenure reform bill." Rather, it is a "constitutional amendment." In other words, the reform of the land tenure system is only one of the contents, at most one of the main contents, but not the whole story.

At a time when the people of the whole country were speculating about the main contents of the "constitutional amendment" and hoping to change the land ownership system that had become a constraint on the social malpractices of the republic by amending the constitution, that is, flying day and night, the national television of the republic focused on the entire content of the "constitutional amendment" in the prime time current affairs news, and put forward the idea of holding a referendum in the form of news commentary.

It wasn't until this time that the outside world knew that Wang Yuanqing was playing really well this time!