After the announcement of the "Amendment to the Chamber" to the public, no one suspected that Zhi Shiqing was an old "mortal politician". 【】

That same evening. Two announcers on state television took turns and it took a total of two and a half hours to read the entire draft of the "Constitutional Amendment".

Although the announcer's voice does not contain any hint of color and makes the news report seem very stiff, for someone who closely follows the change of regime in the republic, getting information in two and a half hours is enough for any news organization to be busy for two and a half months.

As the name itself suggests, the "Constitutional Amendment" is a summary of political reform.

That night, the whole world was alive and well.

In Gang's words: the constitutional amendment "sounded the general offensive of political reform". It will surely become a turning point in the history of the Republic.

In addition to using the "historical turning point" in its report on the relevant news, Al Jazeera also clearly mentioned that by proposing the "constitutional amendment," Wang Yuanqing made a phased summary of the "new century reform" that began with the "industrial restructuring" and ended with political reform. At the same time, it announced the end of the "golden age" jointly created by Ji Zhenguo, Zhao Rundong and Wang Yuanqing, and the republic will enter a new historical period.

The unhesitating praise of foreign media proves the importance of the "constitutional amendment" from one side.

Judging from the official information released by the republic, the "constitutional amendment" mainly involves five aspects: first, the ownership of land owned by the whole people, social public infrastructure, and collective property under the existing system; second, the election and election method of the highest state power body; third, the principle of distribution, supervision, and implementation of state public power such as the legislative, judicial, and administrative powers; and fourth, the method of selecting the country's top leaders and the central government. Fifth, the relationship between the central government and local governments, as well as the relationship between government departments at all levels.

There is no doubt that these are the five key issues concerning the basic system of the republic.

It can be said unceremoniously: whoever it is. As long as any of these problems are solved, they are eligible to enter the ranks of the greatest leaders in the history of the republic. It is precisely so, when Wang Yuanqing proposed the "Constitutional Amendment". Even the most realistic commentators would have dismissed him as an "idealistic politician." ”

How sure is Wang Yuanqing that he will complete the last step of political reform?

The answer has already been given by the national television of the Republic in the relevant report. As the official mouthpiece of the republic, the views of state television are in fact the views of the highest authorities of the republic, that is, the views of Wang Yuanqing. The state television station proposed that the "referendum" was actually a political signal conveyed by Wang Yuanqing to the citizens of the whole country, and a political signal to win the support of the people, especially those who actively support political reform. In doing so, Wang Yuanqing reflects two practical problems: First, among the high-level leaders of the republic, especially among the representatives representing the major interest groups. By no means everyone is in favor of the "constitutional amendment." "There will even be a lot of people who are against it; Second, the people's support for the "constitutional amendment" is far greater than that of the central government, and citizens' demands for social and public rights are the main force to promote reform.

Seeing these two issues clearly, it is not difficult to understand how sure Wang Yuanqing is.

In Al Jazeera's commentary, as long as Wang Yuanqing continues to show his political talents, and no one can change the direction of the republic, the "constitutional amendment" is likely to be passed by the plenary meeting within a month, and then finalized by a referendum within a year.

Of course, victory is not an easy one.

Even in the eyes of the most optimistic. In order for the "Constitutional Amendment" to be passed at the plenary session. Wang Yuanqing must make extraordinary efforts.

If nothing else, we must first resolve the issue of the legitimacy of the "referendum".

In accordance with the law in force in the Republic, "the referendum. It has no legal effect. It is not even possible to achieve, since the state power of the republic is through the "system of representation." Citizens have no way to directly enforce their rights. Of course, Wang Yuanqing was not unprepared, but in the "constitutional amendment." The "direct election method" was clearly proposed. The problem is to use thugs to "amend the Constitution." The clause in the Constitution to support the legality of the voting method of the "constitutional amendment" does not hold up in causal logic. In this way, Wang Yuanqing must use other means, such as the introduction of an administrative bill or a temporary bill, to recognize the legal status of the "referendum" before that.

Whatever the poison says, "Constitutional amendment." It can be seen as the shoe peak of the political struggle within the republic.

The road is arduous, and the future is also beautiful.

It can be said that except for the goal being too ambitious, all the advantages are in the hands of Wang Yuanqing. Needless to say, even if the third military reform hurts the interests of many soldiers, because Xiang Linghui will have to wait until after the new government is formed. He will not leave the General Staff until the next state minister resigns, and the top of the army, that is, the "Shaozhuang faction", has long formed a "community of interests" with Wang Yuanqing, so as long as Wang Yuanqing still lives in Yuanfu, the army will unconditionally obey the command. Popular support is not an issue. Among the "reformers" who account for about 70% of the total population of the republic, the vast majority of them, if not all, will support the "constitutional amendment" and will side with Wang Yuanqing; In fact, even some opponents of political reform have benefited from it, thus becoming a "constitutional amendment." supporters. In the end, the whole congress was killed, and as expected, Ken Bao was objected to, and then in a personal setting. Dee Discuss the New Act; In the words of the Western news media, the republic has not formed a parliamentary system in the true sense of the word, and as long as the general political direction of the so-called thugs "wall-riding" faction is not wavered, voting is often just a formality of ceremonial work.

Exactly. From the very beginning, the population of the republic was carried away by a bright future.

Of course, no one can deny the benefits that the "constitutional amendment" has brought to the vast majority of the citizens of the republic.

"Land tenure reform. In terms of aspects, Wang Yuanqing's proposal is more ideal than many people imagined, not only making clear provisions for vested interest groups, but also making provisions on the future issue of interests. More important is "thug land ownership reform." It does not exist alone, but is proposed together with the "hukou reform".

That's all; It was enough to make the vast majority of the citizens of the Republic, especially the middle class, staunch advocates of reform. You know, "Hukou system." It has existed for more than 2 years, and after entering the century, it has become the main lure of social contradictions in the republic. Don't say anything else. The problem of high housing prices at the beginning of the century is closely related to the hukou system, and more importantly, it is more important. Hitter" household registration system. There is a suspicion of serious unconstitutionality. This is because the "hukou system" contradicts the social and public rights enjoyed by citizens as stipulated in the Constitution. According to the reform plan proposed by Wang Yuanqing, in addition to changing the existing "right of use" into "ownership" according to a certain proportion, starting from the date of the new constitution, the existing land ownership of the whole people in the republic will be in the middle of the new constitution. In addition to public land, nature reserves, infrastructure land. The rest of the land will be privatized through auction, and the proceeds from the sale of state-owned land will be transferred to the "national sovereign fund for all citizens to enjoy; Collectively owned land shall be resolved through collective negotiation under the premise of reasonableness and legality; From the date of entry into force of the new Constitution, the household registration system will be completely abolished, and the "National Archives of the Republic" will be established on the basis of the existing system for the management of the status of residents of the Republic. Residency status. Change to "Citizenship". Any citizen of the Republic has a unique identification number from the day of birth, with which he or she enjoys civil rights and fulfills civic duties. Because there are so many questions about the details of "citizenship". Therefore, it was not fully mentioned in the relevant information released by the official. It is only emphasized that "citizenship" is the cornerstone of ensuring the right of citizens to move freely and live freely. Of course, from a legislative point of view, it is necessary to establish a sound "citizenship system." "What is needed is not as simple as a constitutional amendment.

As a matter of fact. For the vast majority of citizens of the Republic, the second point of the "Constitutional Amendment" is most important.

To put it simply, the second point is the "direct election method".

After the realization of direct elections for deputies at the county and city levels, the election of the highest organs of state power and the highest leaders through direct elections has long been one of the most discussed topics among citizens in the country. Wang Yuanqing lost no time in proposing "direct election." "It is clear that he wants to win the support of the vast majority of citizens in the country.

The question is. "Direct election" is not a simple phrase.

As early as the second year of Wang Yuanqing's second term, some deputies proposed that the "two-level parliament" of the republic should be strengthened as soon as possible. "Lay the foundation for greater democratic political reform. Subsequently, a bill was introduced to expand the scope of the Consultative Assembly's competence. It is hoped that this will enhance the political status of the Consultative Conference. At that time, what the outside world did not understand very well was that when the time was ripe for the implementation of the "two-level parliamentary system," Wang Yuanqing was indifferent. The views of the deputies were not taken into account and no action was taken. Because several very important reforms were subsequently carried out, there was a lot of talk about "two-tier parliamentarism." The discussion also died down that year. No one ever mentioned it again.

Until this one. Wang Yuanqingcai proposed a solution of "direct election".

In accordance with the relevant articles mentioned in the "Constitutional Amendment". The supreme authority of the Republic will remain the General Assembly, but the composition of the General Assembly will be completely adjusted. In the past, the Standing Congress reserved the number of seats for the thugs to belong to the provincial-level administrative regions, that is, each provincial-level administrative region had 3 places to enter the Standing Congress; The size of the plenary congress will be greatly reduced. The number of delegates was reduced to the Tao people, of which the additional seats were arranged by the central government, and the additional seats remained in the provincial-level administrative regions. Just look at these. It will make people think that Wang Yuanqing has copied the democratic parliamentary system of the West. Only see the details. Only then did I know that this was a parliamentary system that Wang Yuanqing came up with in response to the national conditions of the republic. In the so-called, "High Court". The central government has a quota for state leaders and the central government, and of the three quota allocated to each provincial-level administrative region, only one is elected by the provincial congress, and the other two are elected through direct elections. In the so-called "general courts", the additional seats at the central level are used to balance regional influence in addition to national leaders, while the small seats for the provincial administrative regions are allocated according to the share of the provinces in the total number of votes cast in that election. This book comes to the book bar Yao Ri member collection vertebrae

Since the law relating to direct elections needs to be enacted separately, it is still unknown how they will be implemented.

Of course, what the people are most concerned about is the irony of the cow as four..."It is said that the old advertising class is old, and the election of the top leader of the first and second days of Lixin Shen Xiaoxiao Lishu. Although in the opinion of the vast majority of people, it is impossible for a large country such as a republic to determine the top leader of the country through "pure direct election", in fact, there is no similar country that has adopted "pure direct election". For example, the U.S. presidential election relies on "electoral votes". and not a thug ballot". But in the already published news. There are still some clues among the common people. For example, "the election of the country's top leader is a matter of national unity. According to many people's speculation, Wang Yuanqing will definitely not take the road of "direct election", nor will he copy the side of Western countries.

In fact. It does not matter how the country's top leader is elected. What is important is what role the country's top leader will play in the future political life of the republic. In other words, the position of the country's top leader in the political system of the republic will determine who will produce it.

See the problem clearly. It is not difficult to guess Wang Yuanqing's arrangement.

In the view of some "insiders," Wang Yuanqing is very likely to be the last "strong yuan" of the republic, and after him, the concept of "yuan" will undergo major changes, and at least in peacetime, the republic will not again have a "leader" level who can decide the fate of the entire country. "The power of the state is handed over to elected thug parliamentarians" collective politics has replaced oligarchy and has become a new political weather vane.

If that's the case. The national yuan will certainly not be directly elected, but indirectly.

Many people overlook a crucial task, that is, under the blueprint of "democratic politics" outlined by Wang Yuanqing. How will the partisan rivalry, which is the essence, arise?

In fact, this is also one of the main topics of speculation from the outside world.

Because Wang Yuanqing did not give an answer in the "Constitutional Amendment". The official republican has also not released any relevant information. Therefore, according to the speculation of the outside world, it is very likely that Wang Yuanqing selectively ignored this problem, reduced the difficulty of reform, and waited until the time was ripe to put forward a plan for a sheath resolution.

Hereunto. "Constitutional amendments. The third and fourth points, namely the distribution of power and the election of the supreme leader and the central government, have also been resolved. Bubble tough Bashan, Pengbu old factory told less craftsmen and new Shaanxi more

In the eyes of the general population. Another issue that deserves attention is the relationship between the central and local governments.

Actually, during the political reforms of the old years. Wang Yuanqing has conveyed the signal of adjusting the centralized system in various ways, or admitted the fatal flaws of the centralized system. In the words mentioned in his memoirs, at the beginning of the century, many of the problems exposed in the republic were almost all related to the contradictions between the central and local governments; As a large country with a population of more than one billion and a land area of tens of millions of square kilometers, although centralized power can ensure the sovereignty of the republic and the integrity of the Chinese nation to the greatest extent, it will also greatly restrict the development of the republic and create many domestic contradictions that are difficult to resolve. This book comes to the tears of the book bar Edian, members collect vertebrae

"Decentralization. It has become a money term for the thugs to "reform the relationship between the central and local governments".

If you look farther, you can get drunk. Wang Yuanqing has already made a lot of preparations for this. Not to mention anything else, the "streamlining of administration" has laid the foundation for the reform of the ruling system. As the central government has repeatedly reduced the number of civil servants and reduced cumbersome government agencies, much of the power has been delegated to local governments, and the previous vertical management from the center to the local government has been phased out.

For Wang Yuanqing. The last thing to do is to legislate the legitimacy of the new system.

Of course, in the eyes of ordinary people, the new ruling system will definitely become a new driving force for the development of the Republic, because giving greater power to the local government is equivalent to liberating the constraints of Fang Zhan, allowing the local government to determine the direction of the exhibition according to its own situation and needs.

Anyway. The future depicted in the "Constitutional Amendment" is worth looking forward to by all.

Of course, not everyone has let their guard down.

At a time when the whole country is boiling. There are still quite a few people who have remained calm. Fly day and night. A group of sociologists joined forces with the Yuan Government, the National Congress, and the State Council, hoping that Yuan would seriously consider the issue of amending the Constitution. Because in their opinion, the approach to constitutional amendment is too radical. There is a high probability that there will be serious and irreversible consequences. Some scholars even mention it bluntly. If a mistake is made on the issue of constitutional amendment, the Republic will repeat the mistakes of the past. Wang Yuanqing will become the "pot" of the republic, pushing the republican into the abyss from which it will never recover. Although at this time the republic with half a catty. After all, the reform of the republic has been going on for nearly a few years, and the "reform of the new century" has also been carried out for many years, and not only is the foundation of public opinion very solid, but the ruling group is also relatively united. It's unlikely to change overnight. But it's not wrong to be worried, you know, this is an unprecedented reform. More importantly, what results this reform will produce, not to mention that Wang Yuanqing can't say clearly, I'm afraid even Ji Jieguo can't say clearly.

Although as an "insider, Li Cunxun has no unfounded worries, but in his opinion. Not all fears are unfounded. For Wang Yuanqing's initiative. Li Cunxun was also very shocked. That same evening. After meeting Wang Yuanqing. On the way back to the Military Intelligence Bureau, Li Cunxun was still in a bit of a trance, feeling that the things that happened during the day seemed like a dream.

Only one thing is clear, a storm is coming.