Chapter 134: Change
readx; In this world war, due to the stimulation of war, various military technologies can be said to have developed extremely rapidly, and China, Britain, the United States, and Germany have successively introduced many weapons and equipment that have never appeared before, and the emergence of these new weapons and equipment has directly led to various tactical changes during the war. Pen × fun × Pavilion www. biquge。 info
If the mode of engagement of various countries in the early days of World War II was still stuck in the thirties and even some shadows of the First World War era, then today in 1945, the mode of engagement of various countries is completely different from that of the early days of World War II. Taking the Chinese Army itself as an example, at the beginning of World War II, that is, in 1939, the Chinese Army had just been reequipped with a 1937-style semi-automatic rifle, and the overall tactics of the Army were still in the thirties, and the tactics of the infantry squad were still formed by relying on the squad machine gun as the core, and the application of mechanized troops had not changed much. But today, in 1945, when China's mechanized troops went to Europe to participate in the war, it was completely different, and a large number of new weapons were equipped, such as the T18 tank with an epoch-making surname, which was positioned in the main battle tank's protection and mobility, not to mention, the most important thing is that its main gun fired sub-caliber shell-piercing shells, and the armor-piercing ability was enough to sweep all the world's active and even all tanks in development, including T18 itself.
Closely related to the tank is the infantry fighting vehicle, in the thirties, China's infantry fighting vehicle is still limited to the half-track, and later due to the many defects of the half-track infantry fighting vehicle, and the development of China's tracked chassis has been relatively rapid, so the army simply directly adopted the full-tracked chassis as the chassis of the infantry fighting vehicle, and experimentally developed the 1938 full-tracked infantry fighting vehicle, and experienced the Sino-Soviet Olav conflict, the performance is good, It is superior to the 1937 half-track infantry fighting vehicle in all kinds of functions and use. In the following years, the purchase volume was increased, and in 1941 a new type of full-tracked infantry fighting vehicle was developed, which was officially put into service in the second half of 1943.
With the T18 tank and the 1943 infantry fighting vehicle, it was basically possible to build a modern mechanized unit, combined with the recoilless guns, 1944 assault rifles, and 1943 general-purpose machine guns that appeared in the past two years. and the universally equipped radio communication facilities, which constitute the main mechanized forces of China today.
In fact, the combat mode of this mechanized unit is very different from the middle and early stages of World War II. And as the Chinese Army is also speeding up the equipment of helicopters, then from a local point of view, the combat mode of China's expeditionary forces in Europe has a shadow of the fifties and sixties in history.
Even the Germans are now gradually abandoning the traditional Mauser bolt-action rifle and are gradually replacing it with the STG44 assault rifle with strong support from China. The German army has not been slow in the development of light weapons in World War II, although the main force is still bolt-action rifle 98K, but the research and development has not stopped, the G43 semi-automatic rifle with mixed reviews, and the STG44 assault rifle with excellent intermediate power rifle cartridges.
Under the leadership of China and Germany, the world's armies have begun to enter the era of assault rifles, and even the United States has modified the M1 semi-automatic rifle and tested some fully automatic models of the large M1 rifle.
Throughout World War II, countries transitioned from traditional bolt-action rifles to semi-automatic rifles, and then to the current fully automatic rifles, which can be described as a huge span. And in this process, if anyone fails to follow up in time, then they will be immediately left behind by other countries.
From heavy weapons to light weapons, many changes have also led to changes in the army's combat mode, so the army in 1945 and the army in 1939 are two different things.
The army with the least change in the mode of war is like this, and the air force and navy have changed even more, the battleships of the navy in the thirties and even in the early days of World War II have been completely abandoned by the navies of various countries, and the theory of the uselessness of battleships is full of the navies of China and the United States, the number of battleships of the Chinese Navy is smaller, and it can barely withstand the pressure to continue to serve, of course, it is impossible to be the main force, but it is still good to act as an escort ship and perform the task of performing shore bombardment, but even so, The continued service of China's four old battleships and the three captured battleships was also met with great opposition, and the original plan to upgrade and refit these battleships was also shelved.
Although the Chinese Navy believes that the design limitations of the Yunlong are too great to be refitted, and if it is not refitted, it cannot effectively operate large-tonnage bombers and jets, but it is still in service with several old aircraft carriers of the Chinese Navy, and it cannot carry F11 jet fighters, which does not mean that they cannot carry F15 fighters and B23 dive bombers. It doesn't mean they can't use B18 dive bombers and B14 torpedo planes.
Therefore, in terms of actual efficiency, the Yunlong is much more useful than the other three battleships.
Although the Chinese Navy is gradually entering the jet age, it is expected that propeller aircraft will be an indispensable part of the Navy in the next few years. The U.S. Navy doesn't even have a jet carrier-based aircraft.
The old aircraft carrier can still be used, but the battleship is already of very limited use, especially after the Navy's anti-ship missiles entered service, the original large number of thunderbolt generals quickly turned into anti-ship missiles, shouting that as long as I give me a destroyer equipped with SH4 missiles, I can sink any battleship from a distance of thirty kilometers. If the appearance of carrier-based aircraft made the battleship's main guns unable to play a role and could only be reduced to escort ships, then the appearance of anti-ship missiles completely crushed the battleship.
Although the SH4 anti-ship missile equipped by the Chinese Navy is still very primitive, and it is not the over-the-horizon anti-ship missile with active search radar that is common in later generations, in fact, this SH4 anti-ship missile can only rely on the radar on the ship to search for targets and continue to provide guidance data for the missile after launch until it hits the target.
After all, although radar technology has developed rapidly, it has not been able to leapfrog to the fifties and sixties all at once, and now the Chinese Air Force is still racking its brains in order to install a radar system for the F12 combat, let alone install the radar into smaller missiles. Therefore, whether it is the S1 anti-aircraft missile equipped by the Air Force, the SH4 ship-to-ship anti-ship missile equipped by the Navy, the SK5 fleet anti-aircraft missile, or the SG2 air-to-ship missile launched by shore-based or carrier-based aircraft, it is all in this mode: the missile itself does not have the function of searching for targets, and can only be guided by the radar on the launch platform.
But even so, even if it is a primitive missile, it is also an epoch-making weapon, not to mention anti-aircraft missiles, S1 and SK5 anti-aircraft missiles can shoot down combat aircraft at an altitude of 20,000 meters. As for anti-ship missiles, the ship-to-ship SH4 can only be regarded as average, and it has to rely on ships to get close to twenty or thirty kilometers before launching. However, the aircraft is equipped with SG2 air-to-ship missiles, which are effective.
The SG2 air-to-ship missile is actually an improved version of the 1943 type aerial bomb, and the 1943 television-made navigation missile is a free-fall aerial missile without thrust, and the weapon crew can only change direction. But now the anti-aircraft firepower on the navy is getting more and more powerful, and in the Chinese Navy's own internal exercises, after the fighters of both sides tremble and the attack aircraft have an optimized attack window, the penetration rate of the old B18 dive bomber is still low and scary, and the more advanced B23 dive bomber is not as good as that.
Ignoring the factors of fighter planes, and simply considering the contrast between the anti-aircraft fire on warships and attack aircraft, taking the fully automatic air defense weapon system that is now commonly equipped in the Chinese Navy, whether it is a five-inch, four-inch, three-inch, or 40-millimeter antiaircraft gun, it has the ability to fire fully automatic fire in all weathers.
Not to mention traditional aircraft, even last year's kamikaze attack plane, which can be called an 'artificial missile,' failed to break down the fleet air defense circle of the Chinese and US navies.
Therefore, in the face of the increasingly difficult or even impossible thing for aircraft to penetrate, the Chinese Navy began to consider other attack modes, one of the ideas is that since the aircraft cannot break through, then it will launch weapons outside the range of the fleet's anti-aircraft fire, and this is the origin of the SG2 air-to-ship ship.
At first, it was directly installed with a rocket booster on the 1943-type TV-made navigation missile, but later it was found that the effect was not good, so it was improved on a large scale, and the guidance part was also changed to radar guidance, but because this new air-to-ship missile is a new weapon, the Navy also had to prepare a launch platform for him, and some B23 bombers have been successively modified as launch platforms, and these modified B23 bombers are also equipped with corresponding radar systems.
Aircraft radar is not a new thing, as early as the beginning of World War II, China began to try to install radar on the aircraft, but limited by the size of the radar and technical reasons, the radar equipment has been limited to medium and large aircraft, the early use of B18 bombers, after the modification of radar, as a B18E radar warning aircraft, used to guard the periphery to search for enemy ships and submarines on the sea, but in the later aircraft carrier duel has appeared in the low-altitude penetration mode, In order to solve this problem, the Navy has increased the number of equipment for B18E, and at the same time developed and replaced with more advanced radars.
Whether it is the Chinese Navy or the US Navy, their radars are installed in the lower part of the aircraft, not the kind that carried a big plate in the north in the later period.
After the B23 bomber was put into service last year, because the load capacity and air time were very long, and the flight surname was very superior, the Navy not only used it as a conventional dive bomber, but also converted it into a carrier-based aircraft launch platform for 1943-style aerial bombs and SG2 anti-ship missiles, and also converted it into a radar early warning aircraft, which can be described as a model of multi-purpose aircraft.
Therefore, in 1945, the Chinese Navy, the mode of operation has changed greatly, air defense and escort by F11 jet fighters to complete, and the attack is by B23 attack aircraft to launch TV-guided missiles or anti-ship missiles to complete, no longer as before direct dive and throw aerial bombs or torpedo planes risk close to launch torpedoes, this is not to say that B23 can not do this, but B23 to carry out these traditional means of attack, the penetration rate is too low.
This may seem like a small change, the aircraft carrier is still the core platform, but in fact the change is huge, the Chinese Navy in the second half of 1945 and the Chinese Navy during the Third Sino-Chinese War in 1944 are already two different things, not the same thing.