Chenghuang, also known as Chenghuang in some places, is one of the important gods commonly worshiped in the religious culture of the Han nationality, and is one of the eight gods of Confucianism's "Zhou Palace". It is also the god of Han folk and Taoism who believes in guarding the city.

Chenghuang is the magistrate of the underworld, and his authority is equivalent to that of the mayor of the yang realm. Therefore, the city god is related to the city and develops with the development of the city. The city god was born from the ancient Confucian sacrifice and the local guardian deity evolved through Taoism. Chenghuang originally refers to the moat, and Bangu's "Two Capitals Fu Preface": "Jingshi repairs the palace room, and Jun Chenghuang." The ritual of worshipping the god of the city god was formed during the Northern and Southern Dynasties. During the Tang and Song dynasties, the belief in the god of the city god flourished. The Song Dynasty was listed as a national ritual. The Yuan Dynasty named him the King of Yousheng. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the title of the god of the city god in the world was sealed, divided into kings, dukes, marquis, uncles, etc., and sacrificed at the age of the year, respectively, by the king and the prefecture and county to keep the order. The meaning of Ming Taizu's move is "to observe the good and evil of the people and the good and evil, and the Ming will not be spared."

Functions of the Castle God:

Patron Saint: Protect the city and the country.

The God of Justice: He is in charge of the living and the dead, rewarding the good and punishing the evil, the blessings and misfortunes of life and death, and the promotion of happiness and interests.

After the Ming and Qing dynasties, Chenghuang became an official position of a god, rather than a god. The capital city god is enshrined by the provincial-level administrative region, which is equivalent to the governor of the underworld. The city god is equivalent to the prefect of the underworld, and the county town god is equivalent to the county order of the underworld. The city gods in each region are appointed by different people, and even by the local people themselves, and the selection criteria are loyal martyrs who died in the country, or historical figures who meet Confucian standards of integrity and intelligence.

Huang Liuhong, who taught people to be officials in ancient times, wrote in the "Complete Book of Fu Hui" that the new county officials came to the realm: "the day before taking office, or three days before going to the Chenghuang Temple to stay fast" in order to ask in a dream whether there were any unsolved unjust cases in the territory.

Although some gods are not called city gods, they have the nature and functions of city gods, such as the Qingshan King in Hui'an County, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, whose temples are dedicated to judges, judges, generals, and so on.

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