One of the rebels of the Demon Hero, the floating pot space - Su Shi (originally one of the staunch guardians of the Demon Hero, because when the peerless King of Freedom traveled all over the world, Su Shi admired his pride in the world and its charm of soothing all things)

Su Shi (1037-1101), a native of Meishan (now Meishan City, Sichuan), was a writer of the Northern Song Dynasty in China.

His poems, lyrics, fu, and prose are all highly accomplished, and he is good at calligraphy and painting, and is a rare all-rounder in the history of Chinese literature and art, and is also recognized as one of the most outstanding literary and artistic attainments in China's thousands of years of history.

His prose is called Ou Su with Ouyang Xiu, his poems are called Su Huang with Huang Tingjian, and he is also called Su Lu with Lu You, and his words are called Su Xin with Xin Qiji, and his calligraphy is one of the four great calligraphers of the Northern Song Dynasty "Song Four Families" of "Su, Huang, Mi and Cai".

His paintings created the Huzhou School of painting. Because of its large number of essays and words, the Song Dynasty often had exams of its literary propositions in scientific examinations. Therefore, scholars said: "Su Wenshu eats mutton, Su Wensheng eats vegetable soup".

He created the style of "bold school" in the world of words, and changed the style of words since the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties.

Su Shi's ancient texts are also very famous, known as "Han Chao Su Hai", and the ancient literature master Han Yu is equally famous. Together with his father Su Xun and younger brother Su Zhe, they are called "Three Sus", father and son, and they are among the eight masters of the Tang and Song dynasties.

He is the author of "Dongpo Complete Works" and "Dongpo Yuefu" word collection.

Its name "Shi" originally meant the handrail in front of the car, and it was indispensable to help the poor and save the needy in obscurity. Su Shi is liberal by nature, good at making friends, good food, and has created many food boutiques. Good tea, elegant and good to travel in the mountains and forests, Huang Ting insisted that he was "a true fairy among the gods"

was relegated to Huangzhou, in Huangzhou "deep self-occlusion, flat boats and leather shoes, wandering between the mountains and rivers, and fishing woods", at that time Buddha Yin served as the abbot of Lushan Guizong Temple, and the two had contacts from time to time.

Su Shi has "Answering the Buddha's Seals" and said: "Hundreds of thousands of lamps are one light, all of which are the wonderful Dharma King of Hengsha. That's why Dongpo didn't dare to borrow. Borrow the four great kings as a meditation bed. In the seventh year of Yuanfeng (1084), he left Huangzhou.

Politically neutral, but there are also demands for reform of maladministration, and any dissatisfaction is "like a fly in the food." Spit it out." He opposed the more aggressive reform measures of Wang Anshi of the New Party. He also did not agree with Sima Guang's abolition of the new law. As a result, he was ostracized between the old and new parties, and his career was very bumpy.

He lived in various places and was upright, and the good and bad were eliminated for the people. There are many political achievements and good reputation, and the Su Causeway of Hangzhou West Lake is the evidence.

His prose is unbridled and unbridled, clear and smooth, and once said: "Roughly like flowing water, there is no definite quality at the beginning, but it is necessary to do what it should do, and it often stops at what it must do. 」

His poems are fresh and bold, and he makes good use of exaggerated metaphors. Its body is full of light, majestic for hundreds of generations, and since the article, the cover is also rare. At one time, literati such as Huang Tingjian, Chao Buzhi, Qin Guan, Zhang Lei, and Chen Shidao were unknown to the world, and they were treated like friends, and they did not try to give themselves as teachers.

Huangzhou is the wonder of Su words, Huangzhou is the peak of Su words, and "Red Cliff Fu" is the peak of its peak. Huang Tingjian once criticized Su Shi and said: "Dongpo's article is wonderful in the world, and its shortcomings are easy to scold, so be careful not to attack it. 」

Chen Yanxiao said: "Poe is generous and evil, and it is also sometimes seen in poetry, and there is a satirical style of the ancients. 」

Chen Shidao said: "Su Shi began to learn Liu Yuxi, so he complained a lot, and he couldn't be careless in learning. 」

Su Shigong's poems, about 2,700 extant, his poems have a wide range of content, diverse styles, and are mainly bold. The poems that have the greatest influence on future generations are also poems that express the feelings of life and sing about natural scenes, showing the characteristics of Song poetry that emphasize reason and are easy to discuss. "Drinking the Lake After the Rain": "The water is clear and sunny, and the mountains are empty and rainy. If you want to compare West Lake to Xizi, light makeup is always appropriate. 」

In the late spring and March of the fourth year of Yuanfeng, Dongpo wrote "Huangzhou Cold Food Poems". This post is two five-word ancient style, the poems are gloomy and vigorous, low and long, and very infectious. His calligraphy pen is strong and magnificent, and has a great influence in the history of calligraphy, and is known as the "third line of books in the world" after the "Orchid Pavilion Preface" and "Manuscript for the Sacrifice of Nephews".

Huang Tingjian inscribed after this post: "Dongpo's poem is like Li Taibai, I am afraid that Taibai is not everywhere." This book is also the pen of Yan Lugong, Yang Shaoshi, and Li Xitai, trying to restore Dongpo to it, but it may not be as good as this. It is the east slope or see this book, should laugh at me in the place where there is no Buddha to be respected.

Zhu Ben's "Quwei Old News": "After the Dongpo article arrived in Huangzhou, no one could match it, but Huang Luzhi could compete with it when he wrote poetry; 」

Bai is called a poet immortal, the ancient style is superb, Du Shilu Sheng, Tuoyu Seven Words, Dongpo is late, all bodies can do it, no title is made, and it is better than the god of poetry.

There are more than 340 songs in the style of words, such as "Nian Nujiao, Chibi Nostalgia", and "Water Tune Song Head, When Will the Bright Moon Exist", which are widely recited.

Su Shi expanded the content of the words, lyrical scenes, reasoning and nostalgia, sentiments and other themes, all of which are indispensable to the words. Su Shi improves the artistic conception of words, expands and expands the context of words, improves the style, and in addition to bold words, there are also works that are clear and elegant, ethereal and timeless, and even lingering and charming.

Su Shi's style of words is bold (Wang Guowei said "Dongpo's words"), the words are "poetic", the pen is strong, the personality is distinct, showing the author's expansive and hearty personality, many emotional words, high-spirited, unrestrained feelings, rich and peculiar imagination.

In terms of genre and rhythm, Su Shi does not like to tailor to achieve sound rhythm, and the literary life of words is more important than the life of music. Su Ci works are often orderly, clarifying the content of the words, or the origin, time, and place of the lyrics, and the facts are clear.

Legend has it that when Su Shi was a bachelor of Hanlin, he once asked the corporal of the curtain: "How can I be like Liu Qi (Liu Yong)?" The corporal replied: "Liu Lang's Chinese words are only suitable for seventeen or eighteen-year-old girls, holding red tooth boards, and singing 'Yangliu Shore Dawn Wind and Waning Moon'." The bachelor's words must be Kansai Han, copper pipa, iron plate, and sing "Dajiangdong Go". 」

Su Shi used the pen calmly in his later years, and the representative of his early calligraphy was "Zhiping Post", with fine brushstrokes and charming characters. The middle-aged representative is "Huangzhou Cold Food Poems". This poem is two poems written by Su Shi in the fifth year of Yuanfeng (1082) when he was demoted to Huangzhou because of the Wutai poetry case.

The poems are gloomy and desolate without losing their spaciousness, and the calligraphy pen and ink color also change with the change of the context of the poems.

Therefore, Yuan Dynasty Yushu called it the third book in the world after Wang Xizhi's "Orchid Pavilion Preface" and Yan Zhenqing's "Manuscript of the Sacrifice of Nephews".

In his later years, his representative works include the calligraphy "Dongting Spring Fu" and "Zhongshan Pine Mash Fu", etc., which are quaint and elegant, full of posture and close structure, which reflect the characteristics of Su Shi's calligraphy "short fat knots".

His representative works include "Huangzhou Cold Food Poems", "Sky Dark Cloud Posts", "Dongting Spring Fu", "Zhongshan Pine Mash Fu", "Spring Post Lyrics", "Love Wine Poems", "Cold Food Poems", "Shuzhong Poems", "People Come to Get Books", "Thanking the Minshi Papers", "Jiangshang Posts", "Li Baixian Poems", "Qin Taixu Poems", "Crossing the Sea Posts", "Sacrifice Huang Dao Scrolls", "Plum Blossom Poems", "Former Chibi Fu", "Dongwu Posts", "Beiyou Posts", "New Year's Exhibition Celebration Posts", "Baoyue Posts", "Lingzi Posts", To the Nangui Envoy Jun Post", "Second Debate Talent Rhyme Poem", "One Night Post", "Chenkui Pavilion Tablet", "To Ruoxu General Manager", "Huaisu Self-Order" and so on.

Su Shi's calligraphy has been highly praised by later generations. There is no one more vocal than Huang Tingjian, who said in "The Valley Collection", "Those who are good at writing in this dynasty should push (Su) as the first".

Can draw bamboo, learn the same text, and like to make dead wood and strange stones. The surviving paintings include "Dead Wood and Strange Stone Picture Scroll" and "Xiaoxiang Bamboo and Stone Picture".

The poems include "Dongpo Seven Episodes", "Dongpo Collection", "Dongpo Words" and so on. The surviving handwritings include "Thanking the Minshi Papers", "Sacrificing Huang Daowen", "Former Chibi Fu", "Huangzhou Cold Food Poems", "Title Xilinbi", "Drinking the Lake after the Rain" and so on. The paintings include "Dead Wood and Strange Stones", "Xiaoxiang Bamboo and Stone" and so on. In addition, the current biography "Su Shen's Good Prescription" is based on Shen Kuo's "Good Prescription" and adds Su Shi's medical miscellaneous theories.

The four scholars of Sumen are Huang Tingjian, Qin Guan, Chao Buzhi, and Zhang Lei. The four bachelors of Sumen are also known as the six bachelors of Sumen together with Chen Shidao and Li Di. (To be continued......)