Chapter 108 Once the butterfly flies, it will never be obsessed with crawling from now on

In fact, he does not deny that education must have "good educational purposes", which are characterized by the following:

1. It must be based on the inherent activities and needs of the individual.

2. It must be able to translate into practical methods and cooperate with the activities of the educated.

3. Educators must guard against the so-called ordinary and ultimate ends.

In fact, the positioning of contemporary education does oscillate between two types of educational purposes: one is to "make the teachable person a stereotyped product" and the other is to "ultimately improve the (creative) ability of the teachable".

Dewey objected to the traditional method of indoctrination in the sense of importance to the educated, pointing out that "some people regard the senses as a kind of mysterious tube, and think that we can make knowledge pass through this tube and bring it into our minds from the outside world, thinking that the secret of perfecting knowledge is simply to keep our eyes on the book and the children to listen to the teacher." ใ€

He believes that the indoctrination method of education is not real education, because "education is growth": "The first condition for growth is the state of non-growth, but the word 'wei' has a positive meaning, not just a sense of nothingness or lack. ใ€

He affirmed that this immature state is full of agency and potential, and that it is not something that can be fully developed by indoctrination.

For Dewey, creating sufficient conditions for learners to "experience" is the key to education: "Experience is originally an 'active-passive' thing, not a 'cognitive' thing", and Dewey "treats experience as an interaction between subject and object, organism and environment." ใ€

He advocates this progressive approach to education in which learners learn from activity. Experience itself refers to the process of interaction between the learning subject and the object being recognized.

But he added, "The value of experience depends entirely on whether or not we perceive the relationship that the experience has caused, or the relationship between cause and effect. Not every experience has educational value, but the interpretation of the subject that gradually forms the empirical process is the key.

For this reason, Dewey also pointed out that the cultivation of learners' self-learning ability is the function of education, saying, "The other aspect of the experience of the educational function is the ability to direct later experience. He called the cultivation of this ability "transformation," so he said, "Education is transformation."

From the above, it can be seen that Dewey advocated that the implementation of teaching methods should be closely related to the premise of learner-centeredness, especially in the early years of education, which is "more of a sociological and psychological work". Later, he slowly turned to "systematic and technical knowledge".

As Burnett said of American educational practice in 1979, "Dewey's pedagogy was then or now. It is unlikely to be widely used in schools. Teachers had never been trained to do this, schools did not have the resources to do so, and parents and politicians did not support Dewey's pedagogy. ใ€

Nor can we deny that Maritan's critique of Dewey-style education is noteworthy: he argues that "when people forget to teach the object (theobjecttobetaught) and the primacy of the object (theprimacyoftheobject)." When the cult of means (not the cult of means, but the cult of means, which has no purpose) ends only in the psychological worship of the subject. Mistakes are made. ใ€

Dewey is known as the father of modern education.

Dewey's educational thought had a major impact on China's educational and ideological circles in the first half of the 20 th century. During the Republic of China, some important figures such as Hu Shi, Tao Xingzhi, Guo Bingwen, Zhang Boling, Jiang Menglin, etc., all studied at Columbia University in the United States. He was a student of Dewey.

His educational advocacy of opposing traditional indoctrination and mechanical training and emphasizing learning by practice had a certain influence on Cai Yuanpei, Yan Yangchu, and even Mao Zedong.

Both Rorty and Hassan have mentioned that in the direction of postmodernity, it is necessary to pay attention to Dewey's insights. Dewey's idea of returning to "common experience," "education as experience" and its artistic tendencies, and "educational non-teleology" also promised people "self-fulfillment." And this "useless use" also has a postmodern character.

The essence of Dewey's thinking is to make bold assumptions, carefully define and verify. The American conservative magazine "Personnel" ranked Dewey's "Democracy and Education" fifth in the "10 Most Pernicious Books of the 19th and 20th Centuries", after "The Communist Manifesto", "Mein Kampf", "Mao Zedong's Quotations", and "Kinsey's Report on Sexology"

In the outermost part of the galaxy, the music emperor Tianjiao dragon power is the four protectors of the demon hero, and the endless music martial arts show the peak cultivation of the music emperor's life.

However, what he is facing is also the most pinnacle character, under the joint efforts of the four sages, the power of the great waves is impacting the music enchantment wave after wave.

At this time, Ye Li saw the most touching and heart-wrenching shock in this life from the floating pot space, four pictures like the supreme holy spirit, and every move was full of heaven and earth!

Even if you are in the float space, you can make your heart tremble. "It's too strong! It's not something I can help at all, oh no, isn't it even more miserable on the side of the Crazy Moon, no, I have to go find the Crazy Moon." Alas, no, Mad Moon called me here because she didn't want me to go to the battlefield of the Demon Catalogue. ใ€

Just when Ye Li didn't know what to do, he suddenly saw the music emperor Tianjiao Dragon sacrifice "Everything is Music", and under that proud style, one planet after another was turned into a musical charm, and in an instant, it had surrounded the entire huge sky.

Ye Li was shocked and said, "He is worthy of being the second senior brother of the Crazy Moon, the proudest person in the universe. Especially his music realm has gone to the world, no one can match it, and the difference is too much. There's nothing I can do to help. ใ€

And at this moment, in the space of the Demon Hero Catalogue, Wang Feng resisted the order to the east, the demon head went to Wuxiao, and the mad moon faced Qin Shi Huang

"Leisure and cold nights, pleasing to the eye of the study, non-also, natural natural mood, quietly looking at the void in all thingsโ€”broken and not empty.

Whispering and sneering Pegasus, she's so proud, just a little bit less than me.

Who is the fragile lying in my arms? Don't let go, the only thing you can't love is to think about it, Feifei!

Who always has a way to show a sweet smile easily? Don't ask her who she is? Catching her is a fantasy, and that kind of taste is like living in a cave without seeing the light, not tasting the taste of the starry sky!

Like a cocoon insect, once it turns into a butterfly and flies, it will never be obsessed with the crawling insect days.

Pegasus, walking in the sky, what kind of eyes look at what world. Who woke me up from my slumber in the Ice-Absolute Heavenly Mountain, and calmly escaped?

The beauty of the edge, the dazzling possession, her body, her soul, do not let go, love in hand, set off to conquer the entire world - imagination. โ€

The bored god saw the splendid war from the floating pot space, and felt that there was a super master staring at him outside. I can't help but whistle! The melodious and delicate song seems to be announcing the heavens and the earth that the boring god who forgets his worries is the first person.

Walking like a horse, smelling the masters of all parties in front of the crystal building, the powerful life that continues to fall, the boring god can only pity, he knows that this is fate, just like people in the galaxy must die, and every human race must go through the fate of death.

Once you're dead, you're done playing, and the god of boredom steps out, and the catastrophe comes!

Mao Zhedong, who was chatting with the King of Freedom, suddenly laughed, coming, this person finally appeared, if it wasn't for the fall of the demon hero, this person would never have had the opportunity to meet him. Mao Zhedong said, "Little Brother Xiaoyao, the person I was waiting for has appeared. Brother reminds you that the Demon Atlas must be destroyed, otherwise you will know the truth - you will be the last to be extinct. (To be continued......)