In 1203, Wang Han saw that Temujin's power was threatening his interests, and Zamuhe provoked him, so he took the initiative to raise troops to invade Temujin. In the first battle, although Wang Han was repulsed, Temujin's losses were also considerable, and his army was only 2,600 men.

In order to gain respite, Allah Temu made peace with Wang Han. After a short rest, he attacked Wang Han's camp by surprise, and Wang Han's father and son were killed by the Nabarians in the defeat.

After destroying Wang Han, Temujin took advantage of the situation to conquer the Naibarians. Zamuha was also captured by his retinue and sacrificed to Temujin. In order to prevent future troubles, Temujin simply killed this young "Anda". In this way, the last force of resistance against him in the grassland was flattened, and all the tribes in the steppe that stretched for thousands of miles outside the fortress bowed down to him.

In 1206, at the age of 44, Temujin feasted his ministers in front of the tent by the river, and was honored as "Genghis Khan" by the neighing of thousands of horses and cheers of the crowd. Thus, a unified Mongol Khanate was born.

After the establishment of the Mongol Khanate, Genghis Khan, in order to consolidate his power, immediately began to complete the formation and reform of the army, the legal system, and culture.

Genghis Khan relied on force to unify this nation on horseback, so he spared no effort in the formation of an army. He also expanded an escort of 10,000 men under his personal command. This army is very strict in the selection of personnel, the allocation of weapons, and the training of tactics.

Through these reforms, the regime established by this nomadic people basically eliminated the remnants of clan society and completed the institutionalization of feudalism.

Complete the reform of the regime. Genghis Khan immediately began his conquest of foreign countries.

At that time, what he wanted most was the Jin Dynasty established by the Jurchens. It has always been the "superior country" of Mongolia, and has long adopted a policy of oppression and massacre against the Mongols outside the country. Genghis Khan's ancestor, Baba Khan, was killed by Jin.

Despite his desire for revenge and plunder, Genghis Khan, who was known to have a brain, was not at all lacking in calm. He understood that before attacking the Jin Dynasty, he must beware of the containment of the Western Xia, because the Jin Dynasty and the Western Xia had an alliance first.

Therefore, Genghis Khan first took advantage of the weaker Western Xia, and sacked the Western Xia three times between 1205 and 1209, forcing the other party to promise to pay him an annual tribute.

After the Western Xia was declared a minister. Genghis Khan then personally supervised the invasion of gold in 1211. Although the Jin Dynasty army resisted hard. But he couldn't resist the iron cavalry of the Mongol army. At that time, Genghis Khan's army consisted of only 95 "thousand households", that is, about 100,000 cavalry, but he defeated the elite 300,000 gold soldiers in the battle of Yehuling.

When the loss of Zhongdu (present-day Beijing) was imminent, the Jin Emperor sent an envoy to sue for peace. and five hundred princesses, and golden silks, and five hundred boys and girls. Three thousand horses were given. Only then did Genghis Khan agree to return the class to the north.

However, at this moment, the rulers of the Jin Dynasty were like frightened birds, and the siege of Zhongdu was lifted. He quickly moved the capital to Bianjing (now Kaifeng, Henan). When Genghis Khan heard the news, he immediately returned to his division and captured the central capital. In this way, a large area of fertile soil fell into the hands of Genghis Khan.

Soon after the Jin Dynasty was defeated in a corner of Henan, Genghis Khan sent troops to invade Goryeo (Korea) and make it a minister.

In 1218, 450 Mongol merchants were killed in Khorezm (with its capital in present-day Samarkand, Uzbekistan), and the envoys sent by Genghis Khan were either killed or had their beards cut off. This incident became the fuse for Genghis Khan to send troops to Asian and European countries.

From 1219 onwards, he led his army through Persia, Iraq and other places, bypassing the Caspian Sea, crossing the Caucasus, defeating the armies of Zalandin, Gulti, Kipchak, and Zaran as far as the Krim Peninsula.

He once said: "The greatest joy of a great man is to suppress the rebels and to defeat the enemy, to cut them down to the roots, and to take all that they have." and make his wife wail, and wash her face with tears. Therefore, his expedition was very cruel, and many prosperous cities were destroyed, and many innocent people were slaughtered.

In the early summer of 1227, Genghis Khan accidentally fell from his horse and was injured on his way to Western Xia. Soon after, he contracted another fever. On August 25, he died in Qingshui County, Ningxia, at the age of 66.

But there are also several other legends: in the 40s of the 13th century, the papal envoy to Mongolia Palno Gabini said that Genghis Khan was struck by lightning and died; the famous Italian oriental traveler Marco Polo said that Genghis Khan was killed by an arrow during the siege of the city; the Qing Dynasty book "The Origin of Mongolia" also said that Genghis Khan captured the beautiful Western Xia princess Gulbolzin Guo Huhatun, and the princess stabbed Genghis Khan while sleeping, and then committed suicide by throwing herself into the river, and Genghis Khan also died of his injuries.

Where Genghis Khan was buried after his death has also become a mystery for the ages. There are four popular theories: some say that he was buried in the south of the Kent Mountains in Mongolia, some say that he was buried in the Ordos steppe, some say that he was buried in the Qianli Mountains, and some say that he was buried in the Altai Mountains.

The reason is that the royal family of the Yuan Dynasty implemented a secret burial system, that is, the burial sites of the emperor's tombs did not leave markers such as tombs and inscriptions, nor did they publish or record them, so no royal tombs of the Yuan Dynasty have been found so far.

Genghis Khan's choice of secret hiding was more deliberate: he was well aware that many ancient tombs were destroyed not only for the purpose of stealing the treasures from the tombs, but also for political or ethnic hatred, and that the cemeteries of many ancient emperors were often brutally destroyed by acts of revenge between races.

Genghis Khan did not want to suffer such a fate behind him, so he chose to hide in secret.

Of the four theories, it is believed that the burial was buried south of Mount Kent in Mongolia is the most reliable. The basis for this is as follows: According to relevant historical records, one day before Genghis Khan's death, he once sat quietly under a lonely tree on Mount Kent and pondered for a long time, when he suddenly blurted out to his entourage: "This place is quite suitable for my cemetery!

The notes of the literati of the Southern Song Dynasty also record that after Genghis Khan died of illness in Ningxia, his body was transported to a place at the foot of Kent Mountain in Mobei and buried in a deep pit on the surface.

His body was stored in a single wooden coffin. After the coffin is buried, the soil is backfilled, and then "ten thousand horses step flat". In order to prevent outsiders from seeing the traces of the groundbreaking, after "ten thousand horses have been flattened", all the surrounding areas are fenced off with tents, and only when the grass on the tomb ground grows and is no different from the surrounding grass, the tent is removed, so that the location of the tomb can no longer be found.

Now located in the middle of the Ordos grassland in Inner Mongolia, the tomb of Genghis Khan on the Gandescrape grassland of Yijin Horo Banner is a well-dressed mound.

Here the grass is rippling and the sheep are rolling in snowflakes. Between the blue sky and green grass, three yurt-style halls stand solemnly, with bright yellow walls, vermilion doors and windows, and brilliant golden glazed treasure tops, making this imperial mausoleum look particularly solemn.

The cemetery covers an area of more than 50,000 square meters, and the main building consists of three yurt-style halls and corridors connected to them.

Genghis Khan's life is full of legends. Looking at his life, he spent his time in the battle of Rongma, and his exploits and demerits are also reflected in the prosperity of martial arts.

His credit lies in the fact that he unified the tribes of the steppe outside the Saiwai, changed the backward state of the Mongols, and made a tribe that was despised, and whose deeds were not told shook the world at that time. He possessed great political strategy and military prowess, and was a great man in the history of Mongolia.

Although the Mongol Empire fell, the Mongol nation remained independent and survived forever. His battles to destroy the Western Xia and cut the Jin Dynasty objectively laid the foundation for the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty. In 1279, his grandson Kublai Khan destroyed the Southern Song Dynasty, completed the fourth unification of China, and established the Yuan Dynasty, a feudal empire with an unprecedented territory in Chinese history.

Kublai Khan became the first minority emperor to unify China, and Genghis Khan was revered as Yuan Taizu. Genghis Khan's achievements are still of great significance to the integration of various ethnic groups in our country and the current pattern of the territory.

Genghis Khan led the Mongol expedition to the west, which caused great economic damage, but opened the way for the exchange of Eastern and Western civilizations, and it was here that three of China's four great inventions, gunpowder, printing, and the compass, were introduced to Europe, thus laying an important material foundation for the birth of bourgeois civilization.

Genghis Khan's fault lies in the fact that his expeditions to the countries of Asia and Europe suppressed, humiliated and destroyed the hearts and minds of those peoples who had fallen victim to him, and plunged their economy and culture into a state of long-term decline.

Although people have mixed reviews about such an influential figure in the world, one thing is recognized - he is one of the greatest successes in the world. Genghis Khan was a charismatic figure. (To be continued......)